GMP法玻璃化冷冻人胚胎的效果观察

目的探索GMP法玻璃化冷人胚胎的可行性。方法选用IVF中多精受精的4-10细胞阶段的胚胎为研究对象，先后在玻璃化1液（10％乙二醇＋10％二甲亚砜）和玻璃化2液（20％乙二醇＋20％二甲亚砜＋0．3M蔗糖）中分别平衡1mim和0．5mim，然后用GMP管虹吸胚胎直接浸入液氮。其结果与常规的程序化慢冻进行比较。结果GMP法的存活率、胚胎完整率、卵裂球存活率比程序化慢冻法更高（分别为94．4％对73．9％，P〈0．01；79．6％对33．9％，P〈0．01；91．6％对67．8％；P〈0．01），但卵裂球完全死亡率更低（0％对10、4％；P〈0．01）。结论GMP法玻璃化冷冻人胚胎是可行的。     

不孕及反复流产患者血清抗心磷脂抗体的检测

目的检测不孕及反复流产患者血清中的抗心磷脂抗体(ACA),探讨ACA的临床意义.方法应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测105例原发或继发不孕患者(不孕组)、171例反复流产或有胚胎停育史患者(流产组)及40例正常对照组血清中的IgG、IgM及IgA-ACA 3种抗体.结果不孕组ACA总阳性率为44.76%,流产组为35.09%,均显著高于对照组(P＜0,01).不孕组及流产组的单纯IgG阳性率亦明显高于对照组(P＜0.05);而两组的单纯IgM阳性率与对照组相比,差异均无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论ACA是导致不孕及反复流产的免疫学因素之一,IgG型的ACA比IgM型的更具临床意义     

Molecular anatomy of the β' subunit of the E. coli RNA polymerase: identification of regions involved in polymerase assembly

Background : The E. coli RNA polymerase is a multisubunit enzyme, which is present in two different forms: the catalytic competent core enzyme (α₂ββ ') and the promoter selective holoenzyme (α₂ββ 'σ). Correct assembly of individual subunits into core or holoenzyme is essential for the function of this enzyme.
Results : Mutant β ' proteins truncated near the centre or at the C-terminus were able to form stable core enzyme-like complexes under reconstitution conditions. Mutant β ' proteins lacking the region between amino acids 201–477 failed to form holoenzyme complexes while retaining the ability to form core enzyme complexes. Furthermore, free β ' subunit interacted with free σ subunit to form a stable β 'σ subassembly. Removal of amino acids 201–477 from the β ' subunit strongly interfered with this interaction.
Conclusion : Our results suggest that the N-terminal region of the β ' subunit is involved in the assembly of core enzyme. The region between amino acids 201 and 477 on β ' may be directly or indirectly involved in the interaction between the β ' subunit and the σ subunit.     

Assisted reproductive technology and complex chromosomal rearrangements: the limits of ICSI

Complex chromosomal rearrangements are very rare events in the human population. According to our knowledge on the consequences of simple reciprocal translocations for male fertility, translocations involving three or more chromosomes are thought to lead to severe reproductive impairments in terms of meiotic disturbance or chromosomal imbalance of gametes. We report the case of a 48 year old man whose sperm count revealed either oligozoospermia (<10(3) spermatozoa/ml) or azoospermia. He was referred to the laboratory for in-vitro fertilization after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Cytogenetic investigations showed a complex chromosomal rearrangement involving firstly a translocation between the short arm of chromosome 7 and the long arm of chromosome 13 and secondly a translocation between the short arm of the same chromosome 13 and the short arm of chromosome 9. Diagnosis was ascertained by fluorescence in-situ hybridization and staining of the nucleolar organizer regions. Theoretical study of the translocated chromosomes predicted a 'chain' configuration of the hexavalent at the pachytene stage of meiosis. In all, 32 modes of segregation were considered and only one resulted either in a normal or a balanced gamete karyotype. Genetic counselling and choice of appropriate artificial reproduction technique are discussed.      

物理学在医学影像中的应用

物理学对医学的贡献是巨大的，物理学与医学等学科的交叉碰撞在医学领域中产生了许多丰硕成果，现代的医学影像就是其中的成果之一。本文阐述了物理学在现代四大医学影像中的应用。     

Ad5F35-LMP2重组腺病毒免疫效果的研究

目的了解含有EB病毒潜伏膜蛋白2的非复制型重组腺病毒(Ad5F35-LMP2),免疫恒河猴的特异性细胞和体液免疫的效果。方法分别使用高剂量(1.5×1010TCID50/只)、中剂量(1.5×109TCID50/只)、低剂量(1.5×108TCID50/只)Ad5F35-LMP2重组腺病毒,同时设对照组(PBS4.0ml/只)。肌内注射免疫恒河猴,每个月一次,共免疫3次,第0、4、8、12周时使用Elispot方法检测猴外周血EBV-LMP2细胞毒性T细胞应答,同时应用免疫酶方法检测血清中LMP2抗体。结果3个剂量Ad5F35-LMP2腺病毒免疫恒河猴均可以诱导出有效的细胞免疫应答及一定的抗体应答,免疫应答水平的高低与病毒剂量的高低有一定的关系,较高剂量产生的细胞及体液免疫应答水平比低剂量的高。结论Ad5F35-LMP2非复制型重组腺病毒疫苗可以有效的诱导恒河猴产生EBV-LMP2特异性细胞和体液免疫反应。     

热休克蛋白参与NF-κB介导的H2O2预处理的细胞保护作用

目的探讨热休克蛋白(HSP)是否参与核因子-κB(NF-κB)介导的H2O2预处理的细胞保护作用。方法应用碘化丙啶(PI)染色流式细胞技术(FCM)检测细胞凋亡率,免疫印迹法(Westernblot)测定NF-κB的表达水平,免疫细胞化学染色法测定NF-κB的核转移。结果100μmol/LH2O2预处理PC12细胞90min可显著地抑制300μmol/LH2O2引起的细胞凋亡,并可明显地上调PC12细胞NF-κB的表达及促进NF-κB的核转移,同时也能上调HSP70和HSP90的表达。NF-κB的抑制剂TPCK阻断NF-κB表达,并显著地阻断H2O2预处理的细胞保护作用及HSP70和HSP90的表达。结论HSP70和HSP90参与NF-κB介导的H2O2预处理的适应性细胞保护作用。     

细胞内外膜跨膜电位频率响应模型及滤波器特性的研究

提出球形单细胞内外膜跨膜电位频率响应模型和仿真计算方法。通过对频率响应的仿真分析，发现内外膜跨膜电位分别表现出一阶带通和低通滤波器特性，并在内膜频率响应中心频率到上限截止频率的范围内，内膜跨膜电位大于外膜同时能保持在较高水平，这将有利于诱导细胞内电处理效应。计算结果与动物实验吻合得很好，为纳秒脉冲电场治疗肿瘤的窗口参数合理选择提供了理论依据。     

磷脂酰肌醇3激酶对TNF-α诱导的大鼠气道平滑肌细胞增殖、凋亡和转化生长因子β1表达的影响

目的 探讨磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（PI3-K）对TNF-α诱导的大鼠气道平滑肌细胞（ASMC）增殖、凋亡和转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）表达的影响.方法 以肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）及PI3-K特异性抑制剂wortmannin作为工具药,分别将TNF-α、TNF-α＋wortmannin接种ASMC,置37℃,5%CO2培养箱中培养.逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）检测PI3-Kp85α、TGF-β1 mRNA表达,免疫细胞化学染色法检测PI3-Kp85α、PCNA、Bcl-2蛋白表达及定位,Sandwich ELISA检测NF-κB活性,四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）微量比色法测定ASMC增殖,AnnexinV/PI双标记流式细胞仪分析法检测细胞凋亡,ELISA测定TGF-β1蛋白质含量.结果 （1）培养的ASMC PI3-K p85α的阳性定位在胞浆.TNF-α组ASMC PI3-Kp85α mRNA及蛋白表达水平均显著高于对照组及TNF-α＋wortmannin组（P＜0.01）;（2）TNF-α组ASMCNF-κB活性与对照组相比显著增高（P＜0.01）,TNF-α＋wortmannin组NF-κB活性与TNF-α组相比显著降低（P＜0.01）;（3）TNF-α组ASMC的增殖反应与对照组及TNF-α＋wortmannin组相比显著增加（P＜0.01）;TNF-α组细胞凋亡率与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,TNF-α＋wortmannin组细胞凋亡率显著高于TNF-α组及对照组（P＜0.01）.（4）TNF-α组ASMC的PCNA、Bcl-2蛋白表达量均显著高于对照组及TNF-α＋wortmannin组（P＜0.01）;（5）TNF-α组ASMC的TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平、培养液上清TGF-β1的蛋白质含量均显著高于对照组及TNF-α＋wortmannin组（P＜0.01）.结论 PI3-K可能参与调控TNF-α诱导的大鼠气道平滑肌细胞的增殖、凋亡及TGF-β1的表达和分泌,NF-κB作为PI3-K的下游信号参与此过程.