精液液化不良男子与正常人精浆尿激酶活性的研究

应用琼脂糖－纤维蛋白－平板法和抗尿激酶多克隆抗体的免疫阻断法测定１５名正常生育男子和２０例精液液化不良的不育症男子精浆中尿激酶的活力。结果发现：正常生育组精浆中尿激酶的含量为８４５０±１０５０ＩＵ／Ｌ，液化不良组尿激酶的含量为６４５０±１０５０ＩＵ／Ｌ。与正常生育组比较，尿激酶活性明显降低，两组间差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示精浆中尿激酶可能与精液的液化有关联。     

异丙苯过氧化氢体内致大鼠睾丸和附睾过氧化的初步研究

目的:建立异丙苯过氧化氢(cHP)体内过氧化模型,探讨cHP体内过氧化对大鼠睾丸组织和附睾精子的影响,及对精子核DNA断裂的影响。方法:90日龄雄性W istar大鼠52只,设cHP 1/10 LD50、1/6 LD50、1/4 LD503个剂量组和对照组,cHP 1/10 LD50、1/6 LD50组和对照组每组大鼠12只,1/4 LD50组大鼠16只。用无菌生理盐水稀释70%cHP水剂配制,按2 m l/kg经腹腔每日1次注射,对照组给同体积生理盐水,观察一般中毒症状和体征。连续1周,最后1次给药24 h后处死动物。分光光度法测定睾丸组织匀浆、附睾头部和尾部精子丙二醛含量,用单细胞凝胶电泳检测睾丸生精上皮细胞、附睾头部和尾部精子核DNA断裂发生率,计数附睾尾部精子活动率,睾丸和附睾常规石蜡切片,苏木精-伊红染色观察病理变化。结果:给予cHP大鼠活动稍差,无死亡,1/6 LD50、1/4 LD50 cHP组体重降低明显(P<0.001)。1/6 LD50、1/4 LD50 cHP组大鼠睾丸和附睾精子丙二醛浓度均明显高于对照组,附睾尾部精子活动率均明显降低,睾丸生精上皮细胞和附睾头部精子核DNA断裂发生率明显高于对照组,附睾尾部精子核DNA断裂的发生率与对照组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。1/10 LD50 cHP组大鼠体重变化、睾丸丙二醛浓度、附睾尾部精子活动率、睾丸生精上皮细胞和附睾精子核DNA断裂与对照组比较,差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:1/6 LD50、1/4 LD50 cHP能在体内使大鼠睾丸和附睾精子发生过氧化,并使细胞核DNA发生断裂,核DNA断裂的主要部位可能在睾丸组织,对附睾尾部精子核DNA断裂无明显影响。     

尿激酶型纤溶酶元激活因子(uPA)在男性生殖系统中的作用

尿激酶型纤溶酶元激活因子(uPA),在人精浆和精子中均能检测出一定含量。人们对它在男性生殖系统中的作用的研究正在深入。它参与精液的液化过程,有提高精子的活率和前向运动能力的功能,特别在穿透透明带的过程中发挥重要的生理作用。本文简要综述了精浆和精子中uPA的来源和生理作用以及目前检测uPA的几种主要手段。     

Studies on the Relationship between Urokinase Plasminogen Activator(uPA)and Human Sperm Motility

Plasminogenactivators(PAs)arehighlyselectivetrypsin--likeserineproteaseabletoconverttheinactiveplasminogen,azymogenpresentinmostextracellularfluids,intoplasmin,alsoatrypsin--likeproteaseofbroadspecificity['].SeminalplasmalevelsofPAsinmenshowup60to100foldhigherthaninbloodplasma['].ThetwoknownPAs,urokinase--type(uPA)andtissue-type(iPA)aresecretedbyalargenumberofcellsandarethoughttoexhibitmultiplefunctionsinextracellularproteolysisaccompanyingtissueremodelingandcellmigration[']'Duetotheseprop…     

Attractin蛋白在不同病理分型无精子症患者睾丸组织中的表达

目的探讨Attractin蛋白在不同生精功能状态的人睾丸组织中的表达情况。方法对31例无精子症患者进行睾丸组织病理检查诊断,根据病理形态的不同分为:唯支持细胞综合征型(n=4),生精功能低下型(n=12),生精阻滞型(n=5),生精功能基本正常型(n=10)。选择上述各型结构完整的睾丸组织,分别应用免疫组化法(SP)观察Attractin蛋白在不同生精功能状态的睾丸组织中的表达。结果各组睾丸组织内均存在Attractin蛋白的表达,其分布特点为:睾丸生精小管和间质细胞、管周肌样细胞、支持细胞上均有Attractin蛋白的表达,主要表达于胞膜和胞质,胞膜表达强于胞质。Leydig细胞、Sertoli细胞、精原细胞、精母细胞及精子细胞均为阳性表达,呈棕黄色着染。Attractin的表达与生精功能有关,正常组表达明显高于其它组,唯支组表达明显低于其他组。结论 Attractin蛋白与男性生殖密切相关,但其具体作用环节尚有待进一步研究。     

Expression of Attractin in male reproductive tract of human and mice and its correlation with male reproduction

The expression of Attractin mRNA and protein in testis and semen of human and male mice was investigated. Human testis and semen samples were all collected from Reproductive Center of Reumin Hospital, Wuhan University in December, 2012. Testis samples were collected from 7 cases of obstructive azoospermias when they were subjected to diagnosed testis biopsy, and 30 nor- mal human semen samples were obtained from those cases of semen analysis. Adult mice testis tis- sues were obtained from 10 2-month-old male BALB/c mice, and 60 male mice at different ages were classified into 10 groups （day 1, 5, 10, 15, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56, and 120 respectively, n=6 each）. The expression of Attractin mRNA and protein in testis was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting re- spectively. Human semen samples were centrifuged into sperm plasma （SP） and sperm extract （SE）, and mice sperm samples were collected from the epididymis of 10 adult male BALB/c mice. Western blotting was used to determine the Attractin protein expression level. Attractin mRNA and protein were expressed in the testis of both patients with obstructive azoospermias and adult Bcl/B mice. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that no Attractin mRNA was detectable in day 1 male BALB/c mice group. The Attractin mRNA and protein levels were low on the day 10, and increased with age until day 56. On the day 120, the expression levels of Attractin were decreased. As for human semen sam- pies, Attractin protein was expressed in both SP and SE, but didn＇t exist in samples from the epidi- dymis of male BALB/c mice. It was suggested that Attractin acted as a novel active substance and was involved in male reproduction in both human and BALB/c mice, but it exerted a different ex- pression profile in different mammal species.     

米非司酮临床应用最新进展(续)

<正>II避孕20世纪90年代以来,RU486用于避孕方面受到越来越多的关注,其中以紧急避孕为代表,已经在基础及临床研究中取得了很大的进展。     

肌酸磷酸对冷冻复合后精子的活率和存活率的影响

肌酸磷酸和肌酸磷酸激酶在精子的能量再生和转移中发挥重要作用。西方研究了２０例冷冻复苏后精液标本，在起始时间，０时间，６０分钟，１２０分钟和１８０分钟采用计算机辅助精液分析仪和荧光分子探针方法测定精子的活率与存活率。实验结果表明，加ＣＰ的实验组与ＨＴＦ对照组，在６０分钟采用２０分钟和１８０分钟进行比较，发现精子活率与存活率ＣＰ实验组明显高于ＨＴＦ对照组，两组间有极显著性差异，提示ＣＰ有延长精子活动的     

尿激酶受体在尿激酶诱导小鼠精子趋化运动中的作用

目的研究尿激酶受体(uPAR)在尿激酶(uPA)诱导精子趋化运动中的作用。方法采用精子聚集毛细管内法检测精子趋化性。实验分为对照组和处理组,处理组又根据uPAR抗体浓度的不同分为10、50、100μg/ml 3组。各组毛细管内的液体都是浓度相同的uPA;对照组精子培养皿内的液体为精子悬液与Ham’s F-10的混合液,处理组精子培养皿内液体是在对照组的基础上加有不同浓度的抗-uPAR抗体。分别在实验的第203、0 min检测每组毛细管内聚集的精子数量。结果随着uPAR抗体浓度的增加,uPA趋化精子的数目逐渐减少,与对照组之间差异有显著性(P<0.05)。抗-uPAR抗体与精子作用20 min时对精子趋化运动的抑制最明显,其中50、100μg/ml组与对照组比较,P<0.01。结论阻断精子uPAR可以抑制由uPA诱导的精子趋化运动,推测uPAR可能在精卵识别中起一定的作用。     

米非司酮临床应用最新进展(续)

<正>III治疗子宫肌瘤子宫肌瘤为育龄妇女生殖系统最常见的良性肿瘤,是起源于单个平滑肌细胞的单克隆性肿瘤,多发于30-50岁妇女,育龄妇女发病率为20%-25%。