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排序方式: 共有1177条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
Marek Strzala Arkadiusz Stanula Grzegorz G?ab Jacek Glodzik Andrzej Ostrowski Marcin Kaca Leszek Nosiadek 《Journal of Sports Science and Medicine》2015,14(1):110-117
The aim of this study was to investigate somatic properties and physiological capacity, and analyze kinematic parameters in the 200 m breaststroke swimming race. Twenty-seven male swimmers participated in the study. They were 15.7±1.98 years old. Their average height was 1.80 ± 0.02 m and lean body mass (LBM) was 62.45 ± 8.29 kg. Physiological exercise capacity was measured in two separate 90 sec. all-out tests, one for the arms and second for legs. During the tests total work of arm cranking (TWAR) and cycling (TWLG) as well as peak of VO2 for arm (VO2peakAR) and leg (VO2peakLG) were measured. The underwater swimmers body movements were recorded during the all-out swimming 200m breaststroke speed test using an underwater camera installed on a portable trolley. The swimming kinematic parameters and propulsive or non-propulsive movement phases of the arms and legs as well as average speed (V200), surface speed (V200surface) and swimming speed in turn zones (V200turns) were extracted. V200surface was significantly related to the percentage of leg propulsion and was shown to have large effect on VO2peakLG in the Cohen analysis. V200turns depended significantly on the indicators of physiological performance and body structure: TWAR, VO2peak LG and LBM, LBM, which in turn strongly determined the measured results of TWAR, TWLG, VO2peakAR and VO2peakLG. The V200turns and V200surface were strongly associated with V200, 0.92, p < 0.001 and 0.91, p < 0.001 respectively. In each lap of the 200m swimming there was an increased percentage of propulsion of limb movement observed simultaneously with a reduction in the gliding phase in the breaststroke cycles.
Key points
- This study investigated the influence of the selected indicators of somatic properties and physiological capacity as well kinematic and coordination parameters on breaststroke swimming.
- In this observations the body’s functional capacity have an important impact on achieving good breaststroke swimming results, the V200 was moderately associated on VO2peakLG, moreover, separate V200turns depended with VO2peakLG and on LBM and TWAR.
- The speed of surface breaststroke swimming - V200surface similarly as V200turns had a very strong influence on the end result of V200 , 0.91, p<0.001 and 0.92, p<0.001 respectively.
- The ability to swim fast on the surface (V200surface) was positively and significantly associated with the percentage time of propulsion generation -LP in the breaststroke cycle.
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Piotr Kukla M.D. Ph.D. Adrian Baranchuk M.D. Ph.D. Marek Jastrzębski M.D. Ph.D. Leszek Bryniarski M.D. Ph.D. 《Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology》2014,19(6):601-603
A 72‐year‐old man with heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 20%), prior ischemic stroke, COPD, and exacerbation of chronic renal failure was admitted in our unit. Serum potassium was 6.1 mmol/L, calcium concentration was at the lower normal range 2.15 mmol/L, and NT‐pro‐BNP was 28,900 pg/mL. The surface 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus rhythm at 60 bpm, PR interval 160 ms, QRS duration 115 ms, QT interval 460 ms, and left ventricular hypertrophy criteria. Negative T waves in leads I, II, aVL, and V4–V6 were also seen. In leads V4–V6, negative U waves were observed in concordance with negative T waves. In all precordial leads, beat‐to‐beat U‐wave polarity variability was observed as a polarity variation from negative to positive with associated and stable negative T waves, in a beat‐to‐beat alternate morphology. 相似文献
24.
Katarzyna Szkudelska Leszek Nogowski Tomasz Szkudelski 《International journal of experimental pathology》2014,95(2):86-94
Administration of streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA) to adult rats allows for the induction of mild diabetes. However, this experimental model has not been fully characterized. This study was undertaken to determine the metabolic and secretory activity of adipose tissue in rats with STZ‐NA‐induced diabetes. Experiments were performed using epididymal adipocytes isolated from control and mildly diabetic rats. Lipogenesis, glucose transport as well as glucose and alanine oxidation, lipolysis, anti‐lipolysis, cAMP levels and adipokine secretion were compared in cells isolated from the control and diabetic rats. Lipogenesis, glucose transport and oxidation were diminished in the adipocytes of diabetic rats compared with the fat cells of control animals. However, alanine oxidation appeared to be similar in the cells of non‐diabetic and diabetic animals. Lipolytic response to low epinephrine concentrations was slightly increased in the adipocytes of diabetic rats; however, at higher concentrations of the hormone, lipolysis was similar in both groups of cells. The epinephrine‐induced rise in cAMP levels was higher in the adipocytes of STZ‐NA‐induced diabetic rats, even in the presence of insulin. Lipolysis stimulated by dibutyryl‐cAMP did not significantly differ, whereas anti‐lipolytic effects of insulin were mildly decreased in the cells of diabetic rats. Secretion of adiponectin and leptin was substantially diminished in the adipocytes of diabetic rats compared with the cells of control animals. Our studies demonstrated that the balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis in the adipose tissue of rats with mild diabetes induced by STZ and NA is slightly shifted towards reduced lipid accumulation. Simultaneously, adiponectin and leptin secretion is significantly impaired. 相似文献
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Agostino Consoli MD Leszek Czupryniak MD Rui Duarte MD György Jermendy MD Alexandra Kautzky-Willer MD Chantal Mathieu MD Miguel Melo MD Ofri Mosenzon MD Frank Nobels MD Nikolaos Papanas MD Gabriela Roman MD Oliver Schnell MD Alexis Sotiropoulos MD Coen D. A. Stehouwer MD Cees J. Tack MD Vincent Woo MD Gian Paolo Fadini MD Itamar Raz MD 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2020,22(10):1705-1713
The large number of pharmacological agents available to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) makes choosing the optimal drug for any given patient a complex task. Because newer agents offer several advantages, whether and when sulphonylureas (SUs) should still be used to treat T2D is controversial. Published treatment guidelines and recommendations should govern the general approach to diabetes management. However, expert opinions can aid in better understanding local practices and in formulating individual choices. The current consensus paper aims to provide additional guidance on the use of SUs in T2D. We summarize current local treatment guidelines in European countries, showing that SUs are still widely proposed as second-line treatment after metformin and are often ranked at the same level as newer glucose-lowering medications. Strong evidence now shows that sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are associated with low hypoglycaemia risk, promote weight loss, and exert a positive impact on vascular, cardiac and renal endpoints. Thus, using SUs in place of SGLT-2is and GLP-1RAs may deprive patients of key advantages and potentially important cardiorenal benefits. In subjects with ascertained cardiovascular disease or at very high cardiovascular risk, SGLT-2is and/or GLP-1RAs should be used as part of diabetes management, in the absence of contraindications. Routine utilization of SUs as second-line agents continues to be acceptable in resource-constrained settings. 相似文献
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Ernest Kuchar Katarzyna Miskiewicz Aneta Nitsch–Osuch Donata Kurpas Stanisław Han Leszek Szenborn 《Respiratory physiology & neurobiology》2013,187(1):82-87
Elite athletes have a higher prevalence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction than the general population. The pathogenesis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is not fully elucidated. Increasing evidence suggests that airway inflammation plays a major role in the immunopathogenesis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. The aim of our review is to discuss existing evidence and to present a new, modified inflammatory hypothesis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Exercise alters the number and function of circulating immune cells. Episodes of upper respiratory symptoms in elite athletes do not follow the usual seasonal patterns. Moreover, they have an unusual short-term duration, which suggests a non-infectious etiology. If the pro-inflammatory response to exercise has the potential to induce symptoms that mimic respiratory tract infection, it definitely up-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the airways. We can conclude that exercise up-regulates airway cytokine expression in a way that favors inflammation and allergic reactions in bronchi and lowers the threshold for bronchoconstriction to different stimuli like cool, dry air, allergens, and pollutants. 相似文献
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Adam Durczynski Janusz Strzelczyk Katarzyna Wojciechowska-Durczynska Anna Borkowska Piotr Hogendorf Dariusz Szymanski Justyna Chalubinska Leszek Czupryniak 《Surgery today》2013,43(5):534-538