影响原发性肝癌肝移植治疗的预后因素分析

目的分析影响肝癌肝移植术后生存率和无瘤生存率的危险因素,探讨国内肝移植治疗肝癌的选择标准。方法对67例接受同种异位原位肝移植治疗的原发性肝癌病人的基本资料和肿瘤相关资料包括术前病情分级、血清AFP水平、术前辅助治疗以及肝癌大小、数目、pTNM分期、肿瘤恶性程度分级等因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果术后1年、2年累积生存率为77%、67%,6个月和12个月无瘤生存率为66%和58%。单因素分析显示对肝癌肝移植术后累积生存率影响有统计学意义的因素为CHILD分级(MELD积分)和肝外大血管侵犯;多因素分析影响肝癌肝移植术后无瘤生存率有统计学义的因素是肿瘤大小、大血管侵犯和肿瘤分化程度。结论影响肝癌肝移植术后生存率的因素仍是术前患者肝功能状态。对存在大血管侵犯的肝癌患者需严格控制肝移植术适应证,而无血管侵犯的患者在选择肝移植治疗时肿瘤大小指标可较米兰标准适当放宽。     

松质骨螺钉骨水泥强化的生物力学和组织学研究

目的通过动物实验观察不同骨水泥强化松质骨螺钉的生物力学和组织学变化动态,为骨质疏松骨折患者内固定提供理论基础。方法在10只杂种犬胫骨近端制作松质骨螺钉植入的动物模型,分别采用碳酸化羟基磷灰石水泥(CHC)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)强化,分别于术后5d、4、8、12和16周处死动物,观察螺钉拔出的生物力学和组织学变化。结果CHC强化的螺钉拔出力随手术后时间的延长而逐渐升高,16周时达到(512.5 14.5)N,而PMMA强化组螺钉拔出力则随手术后时间的延长而逐渐降低。CHC-骨界面结合紧密,并且随时间延长出现CHC降解和骨长入,而PMMA-骨界面形成一层纤维组织。结论CHC强化能够提高松质骨螺钉植入体内的稳定性,并且随植入时间延长而逐渐升高。     

Arthroscopic Double-Row Suture Anchor Fixation of Minimally Displaced Greater Tuberosity Fractures

In cases of displaced greater tuberosity fractures, treatments by arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation have been reported. However, in cases in which there is a comminuted fracture or a minimally displaced fracture combined with concomitant lesions such as rotator cuff tear or labral pathology, it is difficult to reduce the fracture and to treat other pathologies by use of a percutaneous screw. Recently, many surgeons have used the double-row repair method in rotator cuff repair, which provides a tendon-bone interface better suited for biologic healing and restoring normal anatomy. In accordance with this method, we used the arthroscopic technique of double-row suture anchor fixation for a minimally displaced greater tuberosity fracture without additional incision. Initially, debridement was performed on the fracture surface by use of a shaver, and the medial-row anchor was inserted through the anterior portal or the intact cuff. Two lateral-row anchors were inserted just anterior and posterior to the lower margin of the fractured fragment under C-arm guidance. The medial-row sutures and lateral-row sutures were then placed. Arthroscopic double-row suture anchor fixation of a displaced greater tuberosity fracture restores the original footprint of the rotator cuff and normal tendon-bone interface of the displaced greater tuberosity fracture.     

Fidgetin-like 1 gene inhibited by basic fibroblast growth factor regulates the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.

The FIGNL1 gene was proven to be a new subfamily member of ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA proteins). In this in vitro study, the AAA proteins inhibited osteoblast proliferation and stimulated osteoblast differentiation. We showed that FIGNL1 may play some regulatory role in osteoblastogenesis. INTRODUCTION: The fidgetin-like 1 (FIGNL1) gene encodes a new subfamily member of ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA proteins). Although the FIGNL1 protein localizes to both the nucleus and cytoplasm, the function of FIGNL1 remains unknown. In a previous study, we identified several genes that mediate the anabolic effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on bone by using microarray data. FIGNL1 was one of the genes that downregulated >2-fold in MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment with bFGF. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify and confirm the function of FIGNL1 on osteoblastogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the effect of the FIGNL1 gene on proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in mouse osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1 and mouse primary calvarial cells) using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, cell proliferation assay, and cell death assay. MC3T3-E1 cells and mouse calvarial cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against the FIGNL1 or nontargeting control siRNA and examined by cell proliferation and cell death assays. Also, FIGNL1 was fused to enhance green fluorescent protein (EGFP), and the EGFP-fused protein was transiently expressed in MC3T3-E1 cells. RESULTS: Reduced expression of FIGNL1 by bFGF and TGF-beta1 treatment was verified by RT-PCR analysis. Overexpression of FIGNL1 reduced the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 and calvarial cells, more than the mock transfected control cells did. In contrast, siFIGNL1 transfection significantly increased the proliferation of osteoblasts, whereas overexpression of FIGNL1 did not seem to alter apoptosis in osteoblasts. Meanwhile, overexpression of FIGNL1 enhanced the mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) in osteoblasts. In contrast, siFIGNL1 decreased the expression of ALP and OCN. A pEGFP-FIGNL1 transfected into MCT3-E1 cells had an initially ubiquitous distribution and rapidly translocated to the nucleus 1 h after bFGF treatment. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, we proposed that FIGNL1, a subfamily member of the AAA family of proteins, might play some regulatory role in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Further analyses of FIGNL1 will be needed to better delineate the mechanisms contributing to the inhibition of proliferation and stimulation of osteoblast differentiation.     

经输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗输尿管结石

目的探讨经输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗输尿管结石的临床效果. 方法 90例输尿管结石,经尿道、膀胱置入10°输尿管镜抵达结石处,将光纤头直抵结石,设置工作能量0.8～1.5 J,频率8～10 Hz,采用连续脉冲方式粉碎结石. 结果3例进镜失败(输尿管镜无法到达结石部位)改开放手术,1例输尿管穿孔改开放手术;86例碎石成功,单次钬激光碎石成功率为95.6%(86/90).手术时间30～80 min,平均55 min.术后住院1～5 d,平均2.5 d.86例随访1～3个月,69例病程＜6个月、肾积水＜4 cm,肾积水完全消失;17例病程＞6个月、肾积水＞4 cm,术后患肾均有不同程度积水,但较术前明显改善. 结论经输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗输尿管结石效果理想,创伤小,并发症少,可作为输尿管中、下段结石的首选治疗方法.     

供应室高护生实习大纲的设计与应用

目的 探讨供应室高护生实习大纲的设计与应用效果。方法 对64名高护生采用自行设计的供应室高护生实习大纲进行临床带教。结果 高护生对供应室实习的总满意率为96．8％，93．5～96．8％高护生对消毒灭菌知识、个人防护知识、无菌技术操作、手的卫生操作掌握良好。结论 供应室高护生实习大纲科学实用，其应用增强了高护生的无菌观念和个人防护意识。     

雷公藤多甙联合中草药治疗IgA肾病的病例对照研究

IgA肾病(immunoglobulin A nephropathy,I-gAN)是肾小球系膜病变的一个特殊类型,其发病机制尚未完全明确,临床表现复杂多样。目前,临床上常用的药物主要有激素、雷公藤、环磷酰胺等,都具有一定的疗效,但在药物副作用、血尿的消退、肾功能的稳定及停药后复发等方面均有各自的缺陷。笔者所在科室在慢性肾炎型IgAN的治疗上进行探索,现将结果报告如下。1资料与方法1.1病例选择及分组73例均为铜陵市第一人民医院肾内科住院并经肾活检证实的IgAN患者,除外各种继发性IgAN,并符合以下条件:①按Lee氏分级均在Ⅲ~Ⅳ级间;②无严重的肝损害;③血…     

上颌第一磨牙近中颊根第二根管的治疗体会

目的 探讨在临床上上颌第一磨牙近中颊根第二根管（MB2）的发现及扩通。方法 在25例需要进行根管治疗的上颌第一磨牙上寻找MB2，若无法找到，使用超声根管异物清除工作尖10P清理髓底及慢速圆钻去除预计位置部分牙本质，再次寻找。找到后通畅根管，若无法扩通，使用慢速圆钻在MB2根管口处向根方去除少量牙本质。结合使用EDTA再次通畅根管。结果 25颗治疗齿中有13颗找到MB2（52％），其中2颗是在超声根管锉清理髓室底后发现的，4颗在进一步去除MB2根管口位置的牙本质后发现。8颗治疗齿的MB2通畅（32％），其中3颗自然扩通，5颗在去除MB2根管口处部分矛本质并使用EDTA后通畅。结论 临床上上颌第一磨牙MB2发现率为52％。扩通率为32％。掌握MB2的解剖位置，使用超声方法以及EDTA可提高MB2的发现率和扩通率。