多发伤合并休克早期大鼠肝脏细胞凋亡的研究

目的　探讨多发伤合并休克早期大鼠肝脏中细胞凋亡的发生情况。方法　采用 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 琼脂糖凝胶电泳、原位末端标记（ Ｉ Ｓ Ｅ Ｌ） 、光镜和电镜检测细胞凋亡,并测定 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 片段百分率（ａｐ ％ ） 作定量分析。结果　检测到凋亡所特有的 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 梯形条带, Ｉ Ｓ Ｅ Ｌ 法亦显示阳性结果,证实创伤后肝脏中细胞凋亡的存在且ａｐ ％ 与 Ａ Ｌ Ｔ、 Ａ Ｓ Ｔ 和 Ｔ Ｂ 间存在正相关（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） 。在复苏后６ 小时,ａｐ ％ 均随创伤程度加重而升高。在６ 处创伤合并休克组,复苏后１ 小时ａｐ ％ 已显著升高,３ 小时达顶峰,以后逐渐下降。形态学结果显示,细胞凋亡主要发生于早期,肝细胞、枯否氏细胞和中性粒细胞均可发生凋亡,而后期以坏死为主。结论　多发伤合并休克早期大鼠肝脏中发生细胞凋亡,且可能参与早期的肝功能损害。     

Orion锁定型颈椎前路钢板系统在颈椎外科中的应用

目的 研究和评估Ｏｒｉｏｎ锁定型颈椎前路钢板系统在颈椎外科的价值和作用。方法对６例颈椎疾病患者行颈前路减压,植骨融合,并采用ＡＣＬＰＳ内固定。结果 １６例中１３例获随访≥６个月。所有病例植骨均完全愈合,无一例发生网板螺钉松动、断裂等并发症。结论ＡＣＬＰＳ操作简单,可提供有效的固定节段稳定性,适用于颈椎失稳、颈椎外伤国、肿瘤及退行性变的治疗。     

A study to determine chest wall vibratory attachment interface locations for a low frequency sonic vibrator in treatment of acute coronary thrombosis

Our institution is developing a non-invasive Diastolic Timed Vibrator (DTV) to enhance emergency clearance of acute coronary thrombosis. Sonic frequency diastolic vibro-percussion (i.e. 50 Hz, 2 mm amplitude) applied upon the rib-spaces of the left sternal border has shown to improve left ventricular performance and coronary flow in human volunteers. However, therapeutic acoustic penetrability cannot be assumed depending on varying chest size and lung position which attenuates acoustic transmissions. Furthermore, chest locations enabling a direct lung free pathway overlying the base of the heart (wherein the coronaries arise) should be promoted, while locations overlying the left ventricular apex (site of potential thrombus formation) should be avoided. We therefore set out to determine preferred chest wall placement positions for a vibratory interface suitable for treatment of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Inter-Costal Space (ICS) positions to the left or right of the sternum were interrogated in 90 adults following routine Echocardiography to ascertain whether the base of the heart could be imaged (hence inferring acoustic transmissibility), and to determine over what part of the heart each transducer position was overlying. The third and fourth ICS proximate the left sternal border provided acoustic transmissibility in 96 and 100% of cases respectively, with only one unwanted occurrence from the fourth ICS where the transducer overlaid the apical third of the left ventricle. Acoustic transmissibility from third and fourth ICS right sternal border was documented in 53 and 85% of cases respectively. A vibration interface in STEMI treatment should allow for contact overlying the left and right third and fourth ICS generally proximate the sternal borders. As vibration transmission to the cardiac apex and/or left atrium cannot be completely avoided, vibration therapy should be contra-indicated in late presenters for antero-septal apical STEMI, and in cases of new onset atrial fibrillation persisting greater than 48 h which have not been adequately anti-coagulated.     

Allergic reactions--outcome of sertraline and escitalopram treatments

The treatment of dysthymia in itself poses a problem in the everyday psychiatric practice and it can be further hindered when accompanied by pronounced personality traits (which are indicative of disorder). Due to its pathology and duration dysthymia interferes with the patient's quality of life and the ability to function in some segments of everyday life. These interferences enticed our patient to opt for psychiatric treatment. During a three-year period, despite all the efforts made by psychiatrists in this comprehensive and challenging dysthymia treatment (psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, psychopharmacotherapy), the expected outcomes of the treatment did not occur. The patient's goals and expectations included lifestyle change, achieving life satisfaction and mood improvement. The patient was refusing suggested psychopharmaca until confronted, in psychotherapy, with the fact that she is the one prolonging her own helplessness and directing her passive agression at the members of the group. In the end the patent agreed to take psychopharmaca. Therefore, sertraline was introduced in the treatment, but the patient experienced a severe allergic reaction (Qiuncke's oedema). After four months the second attempt was made and escitaloptam was introduced, which resulted in urticaria. Due to these allergic reactions to antidepressants, the patient decided not to pursue the psychopharmacological treatment.     

Lamotrigine treatment of a patient affected by epilepsy and anxiety disorder

Epilepsy often occurs in comorbidity with mental diseases and disorders. Early detection and/or treatment of such disorders in patients affected by epilepsy, as well as their socialisation are crucially important since epileptic patients tend to suffer more due to lack of social support than to frequent epileptic seizures. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders is higher in patients with epilepsy than in general population, the most frequent being: anxiety, depression, panic attacks, behavioural disorders as well as psychotic states with paranoid elements. The efficacy of AE treatment of patients affected by epilepsy and mood disorders has also directed clinicians to investigate possible AE benefits in treating other mental disorders such as anxiety states, depression and bipolar disorder. The examined case displays complex partial epilepsy and comorbid mental disorder. The use of lamotrigine, a fourth-generation antiepileptic, which is also a mood stabilizer, has assured a favourable remission of symptoms related to both epilepsy and mood disorders. Side-effects caused by lamotrigine were only temporary and dose reduction was sufficient to eliminate their symptoms.     

Hyperprolactinaemia with amisulpride

Psychopharmaca are used in treatment of psychiatric illnesses and disorders, among other therapeutic possibilities. The choice of the psychopharmaca is determined by the specific psychopathology of the patient, within the diagnostic categories, according to the current classification of diseases and disorders. With the advances in pharmaco industry, the range of drugs used in the everyday clinical practice is occurring at a very rapid pace. Antipsychotic medications are used in treatment of mainly psychotic disorders. However, the new generation of antipsychotics, due to their specific receptor affinities, is sometimes used in treatment of affective disorders as well. We are reporting a case of a female patient who was hospitalized several times. Amisulpride was introduced in the treatment and due to a series of unfortunate events and changes that followed (i. e. frequent hospitalizations and changes of therapists, different mental institutions) dose of amisulpride was gradually increased to its antipsychotic doses, which did not help achieve therapeutic benefits, but serious side effects.     

Switching among antipsychotics--focus on side effects

Depression is a disorder held responsible for high morbidity in the overall population. Causes of depression vary, but lifestyle and stress can greatly contribute to its morbidity. Consumption of antidepressants is showing a trend in the economically developed countries. Apart from antidepressants, the treatment of depression can consist of other psychopharmaca. Depending on the severity of a disorder, that is - of psychotic symptoms, antipsychotics can be introduced in the treatment. Among those atypical antipsychotics have an advantage. This paper will illustrate a course of treatment of a female patient, diagnosed with psychotic depression and treated with antipsychotics (i.e. olanzapine, ziprasidone), to which she developed side effects. To each of the antypsychotics the patient developed side effechts, causing in prolonged treatment and affected its course.     

共育体系中成骨细胞和破骨细胞生物学特性观察

目的建立成骨细胞和破骨细胞的体外共育体系,观察在此体系中成骨细胞和破骨细胞生物学特性的变化,探讨成骨细胞和破骨细胞间的相互作用。方法取髂骨松质骨,Ⅱ型胶原酶消化,分次获得成骨细胞和破骨细胞。建立培养上清相通但二者互不接触的成骨细胞-破骨细胞共育模型。以细胞增殖(MTT法)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性代表成骨细胞的成骨活性,以抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)活性、骨吸收陷窝面积代表破骨细胞的破骨能力,检测共育对成骨细胞和破骨细胞生物学特性的影响。结果成骨细胞呈饱满的梭形,ALP染色阳性;破骨细胞呈多核,TRAP染色阳性,可以吸收骨质形成骨陷窝。当成骨细胞与破骨细胞共育后,其MTT法OD值(0.60±0.08)较单独培养时(0.36±0.03)明显提高(P=0.000);其ALP活性(23.37±2.48)u/mg较单独培养时(18.33±0.34)u/mg明显提高(P=0.000)。破骨细胞与成骨细胞共育后,形成骨吸收陷窝的平均面积犤(6.55±0.34)×10-2犦μm2较单独培养时犤(5.15±0.17)×10-2犦μm2明显增大(P=0.000)。结论共育体系中成骨细胞和破骨细胞的功能相互促进,为骨组织代谢的体外研究提供了可靠的模型。     

牛磺酸抑制大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖

以~3H-胸腺嘧啶参入和细胞计数的方法,观察牛磺酸对血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖的抑制效应。结果表明,培养液中加入牛磷酸(5、10和20mmol/L)能明显抑制培养的自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和正常血压大鼠(WKY)VSMC的~3H-胸腺嘧啶参入,降低其细胞计数。牛磺酸对血管紧张素Ⅱ(10~(-7)mmol/L)刺激的VSMC增殖亦呈剂量依赖地抑制效应。