从自由基生物学角度评价鸡肉质量的实验研究

本文把外观健康和非健康的活鸡各20只分成两组,宰后测其肝、腿肌中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)水平,发现两组中上述指标值差异显著(P<0.050 ;同时对两组实验鸡胴体在宰后4小时做了感官鉴别,也判断出其品质存在差异。提示体内SOD活性和MDA水平可以反映鸡肉质量,比感官鉴别更具敏感性,同时也可以反映宰前鸡的健康状况。     

围体外循环期脂质过氧化损伤的临床研究

目的探讨血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoide dismutase,SOD)和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(malonyldialdehyde,MDA)在围手术期心肌再灌注损伤中的浓度变化、相关性及临床意义.方法心脏手术组30例,分别在术前1 d,主动脉开放后 10 min,术后 1 d 和 7 d采血,化学比色法测定血清SOD和MDA.结果心脏手术组SOD术前(143.7±22)μU/L,再灌注 10 min(113.5±23.5)μU/L(P＜0.01),术后1 d(141.3±23.2)μU/L,术后 7 d(143.5±24.2)μU/L,MDA术前(5.26±2.19) μmol/L,再灌注10 min(9.97±3.68)μmol/L(P＜0.01),术后1 d (7.17±2.16) μmol/L,术后7 d (5.75±2.87) μmol/L,并且血清SOD和MDA呈现负相关(r=-0.563,P＜0.05).结论 CPB患者血清SOD活性下降,MDA水平增高,大量氧自由基的产生是造成心肌再灌注损伤的重要原因.     

镁离子对培养乳鼠心肌细胞羟自由基损伤的保护作用

目的　观察镁离子对培养乳鼠心肌细胞羟自由基损伤的保护作用。方法　本实验利用FeSO4/ H2O2 自由基产生体系,观察羟自由基作用于培养乳鼠心肌细胞,其上清液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH) 和丙二醛( MDA) 含量的变化,以及镁离子对这种作用的影响。结果　(1) 羟自由基作用于培养乳鼠心肌细胞,其上清液中LDH 和MDA 的含量增加。(2) 镁离子能减少羟自由基引起的LDH 和MDA 含量的增加,且呈一定浓度、时间依赖关系。结论　羟自由基使培养乳鼠心肌细胞LDH 漏出增加及脂质过氧化终产物MDA 含量增加,镁离子对这一损伤有保护作用     

Anti-glycative and anti-inflammatory effects of protocatechuic acid in brain of mice treated by d-galactose

Protocatechuic acid (PCA) at 0.5%, 1% or 2% was supplied to d-galactose (DG) treated mice for 8 week. PCA intake at 2% increased its deposit in brain. DG treatment increased brain level of reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl, carboxymethyllysine, pentosidine, sorbitol, fructose and methylglyoxal (P < 0.05). PCA intake, at 1% and 2%, lowered brain level of these parameters (P < 0.05). DG treatments enhanced activity and protein expression of aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, as well as declined glyoxalase I (GLI) activity and protein expression (P < 0.05). PCA intake at 1% and 2% reduced activity and protein expression of AR (P < 0.05), and at 2% restored GLI activity and expression (P < 0.05). DG injection also elevated cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and expression, and increased the release of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandin E₂ in brain (P < 0.05). PCA intake decreased these cytokines (P < 0.05), and at 1% and 2% suppressed COX-2 activity and expression (P < 0.05). PCA intake at 1% and 2% also lowered DG-induced elevation in activity, mRNA expression and protein production of nuclear factor kappa B p65 (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the supplement of protocatechuic acid might be helpful for the prevention or alleviation of aging.     

Lutein extends the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster

Lutein is one of the major carotenoids in most fruits and vegetables. The effect of lutein on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster was investigated. Results revealed that 0.1 mg lutein/ml diet could prolong their mean lifespan from 49.0 to 54.6 days. This was consistent with a significant reduction in malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level and increase in antioxidant enzyme activities of the flies fed with lutein-treated diet compared with those fed with basal diet. Paraquat (PQ) and H₂O₂ treatment tests demonstrated that lutein could prolong the survival time of the flies. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis indicated the gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD; SOD1 and SOD2), and catalase (CAT) in the lutein-treated group was up-regulated relative to that of the control group. It was concluded that the lifespan-prolonging activity of lutein was partially by up-regulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes.     

中西医结合治疗甲状腺囊肿临床研究

中西医结合治疗甲状腺囊肿临床研究陈智民，易春涛，王修梅，彭辉，刘彩华甲状腺囊肿（ｔｈｙｒｏｉｄｃｙｃｔｉｃｔｕｂｅｒｃｕｌａｍ，ＴＣＴ）是常见多发病。我们开展了非手术中西医结合疗法的前瞻性研究。现将结果报告如下。临床资料诊断标准：２０５例ＴＣＴ患者均...     

Protective effects of Terminalia arjuna against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Terminalia arjuna has been marked as a potential cardioprotective agent since vedic period. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark (TA-05) on Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. Male wistar rats were used as in vivo model for the study. TA-05 was administered orally to Wistar rats at different doses (0.42 mg/kg, 0.85 mg/kg, 1.7 mg/kg, 3.4 mg/kg and 6.8 mg/kg) for 6 days/week for 4 weeks. Thereafter, all the animals except saline and TA-05-treated controls were administered 20 mg/kg Dox intraperitonially. There was a significant decrease in myocardial superoxide dismutase (38.94%) and reduced glutathione (23.84%) in animals treated with Dox. Concurrently marked increase in serum creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) activity (48.11%) as well as increase in extent of lipid peroxidation (2.55-fold) was reported. Co-treatment of TA-05 and Dox resulted in an increase in the cardiac antioxidant enzymes, decrease in serum CKMB levels and reduction in lipid peroxidation as compared to Dox-treated animals. Electron microscopic studies in Dox-treated animals revealed mitochondrial swelling, Z-band disarray, focal dilatation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and lipid inclusions, whereas the concurrent administration of TA-05 led to a lesser degree of Dox-induced histological alterations. These findings suggest that butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark has protective effects against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and may have potential as a cardioprotective agent.     

Glycyrrhizic acid modulates t-BHP induced apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is the main bioactive ingredient of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). The object of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of GA on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced oxidative injury leading to apoptosis in cultured primary rat hepatocytes. Throughout the study silymarin was used as positive control. Molecular mechanisms involved in apoptotic pathways induced in hepatocytes by t-BHP at 250 μM were explored in detail. DNA fragmentation, activation of caspases and cytochrome c release were demonstrated. In addition, changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS generation were detected confirming involvement of mitochondrial pathway. Pre-treatment with GA (4 μg) protected the hepatocytes against t-BHP induced oxidative injury and the results were comparable to the pre-treatment with positive control, i.e. silymarin. The protective potential against cell death was achieved mainly by preventing intracellular GSH depletion, decrease in ROS formation as well as inhibition of mitochondrial membrane depolarization. GA was found to modulate critical end points of oxidative stress induced apoptosis and could be beneficial against liver diseases where oxidative stress is known to play a crucial role.     

刺五加对胃缺血再灌注损伤防护作用的实验研究

采用家兔胃缺血再灌注模型，观察刺五加对胃缺血再灌注损伤的防护作用。结果提示．刺五加能维持缺血及再灌注期超氧化物歧化酶活力．减少丙二醇含量．减轻缺血再灌注后胃粘膜病理损伤。刺五加通过消除和抑制胃缺血再灌注时氧自由基的产生，提高组织抗氧化能力，对胃缺血灌注损伤起到保护作用。     

黄芪总黄酮对犬模拟肺癌术中放疗抗辐射损伤作用的研究

电离辐射作用机体后可产生自由基，作者以模拟肺癌术中放疗的动物为实验对象，研究了黄芪总黄酮（ＴＦＡ）可清除自由基功效从而了解其抗辐射损伤作用。结果表明ＴＦＡ可有效的防止术中放疗所致的组织细胞损伤，使照射后组织的ＭＤＡ含量下降，ＳＯＤ活性受到保护，减轻肺组织充血、实变，胸膜粘连和食道粘膜糜烂等反应，并证明肺癌术中放疗可因电离辐射而产生自由基损伤。这种损伤不仅发生在胸腔内直接受照射的组织，在其他远隔部位的组织亦可发生。提示在实施肺癌术中放疗时不但应加强对胸腔内重要脏器的屏蔽保护，也应该加强对远隔组织的防护。