马齿苋“成分-活性-中药功效-疾病”研究进展及关联分析

马齿苋是一种药食同源品,具有清热解毒、凉血止血、止痢的功效,为常见中药,作为药物安全性高。马齿苋具有多种活性成分及药理作用,为了充分开发利用马齿苋,加快马齿苋研究的现代化进程,综述马齿苋的研究进展并在此基础上对于其"成分-活性-中药功效-疾病"进行关联分析,为马齿苋的现代化研究提供思路。     

Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome

We report the case of a 44-year-old male with a 10-year history of manifestations of the rare form of bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with coexisting antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) that remained undiagnosed until thrombotic-embolic episodes appeared and high titres of anticardiolipin (ACL) antibodies were detected. The patient fulfilled the criteria for SLE and the atypical cutaneous manifestations together with histopathological changes and a favourable response to sulphones were the grounds for the diagnosis of the bullous variety of SLE. Treatment with prednisolone, acenocoumarol and dapsone resulted in marked clinical improvement, reduction in antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and normalization of ACL antibody titres.     

山药及其混伪品的鉴别体会

本文对山药及其混伪品的基源、性状、显微和理化鉴别特征进行了比较，阐述了作者的鉴别体会，并编制了显微鉴别特征检索在，可供临床、教学、鉴定等工作参考。     

Poorer nutritional status of the older-generation in a Japanese farming village, as related to fewer types of food consumed

This study was carried out to determine whether the most recent nutritional improvements in Japanese farming villages were due to improvement in the diet of the young only or across all ages. Food duplicates for 24 h were collected. The number of food items and the adequacy of each nutrient level were compared between subgroups, by age of cooking and those eating meals. The older-generation used and ate fewer food items resulting in poorer nutrition. The most recent improvement in nutrition in the farming villages of Japan was found mainly to affect the younger-generation with the older-generations being more poorly nourished.     

浅谈药用植物良种选育的目标和常规途径

针对传统药用植物的品质退化进行品质改良，选育优良品种，是优化中草药品质的根本途径。优质、高产、稳产、熟期适应、抗性强、适应性相对较广是各种药用植物育种的共同目标，但不同药用植物品种的侧重点和具体内容各有变化。在药用植物的良种选育工作中，确定育种目标是基础。通常用以下途径进行良种繁育：1．种质资源调查和收集；2．引种驯化；3．良种选育；4．建立良种繁育基地。     

中药麻黄炮制前后生物碱和挥发油的变化

目的:分析麻黄蜜炙后生物碱与挥发油两类主要成分的变化.方法:用气质联用方法分析蜜炙后挥发性成分的变化,按<中国药典>测麻黄总碱的方法比较蜜炙后麻黄总碱的变化情况.结果:蜜炙后挥发性成分变化较大,其中异桉叶素、对-聚伞花素、D-柠檬烯、桉叶素、T-萜品烯等含量显著升高,苯甲醛、四甲基吡嗪、对乙烯基茴香醚、1-α-松油醇、T-松油醇等含量均降低;总生物碱含量则均表现为减少.结论:麻黄蜜炙后辛散发汗力减弱,润肺平喘作用增强,可能与总碱含量减少及挥发油特征变化有关,这为研究古人的炮制机理提供新的实验依据.     

2018年某院辅助用药重点监控品种使用情况分析

目的 对西安医学院附属宝鸡医院排名前10位的辅助用药重点监控品种的使用情况进行分析，为加强辅助用药的监管和促进临床合理用药提供参考。方法 通过医院信息系统将2018年重点监控药品的科室分布、销售金额、用药频度（DDDs）、日均费用（DDC）和药品排序比（B/A）进行统计分析，并对其使用合理性进行医嘱点评分析。结果 重点监控品种使用科室大多与其科室疾病谱相符。销售金额排序前3位依次为小牛血清去蛋白注射液、丹参川芎嗪注射液和醒脑静注射液；按DDDs排序前3位依次为丹参川芎嗪注射液、小牛血清去蛋白注射液、腺苷钴胺注射液；按DDC排序前3位依次为醒脑静注射液、小牛血清去蛋白注射液、转化糖电解质注射液；鹿瓜多肽注射液、注射用硫辛酸、舒血宁注射液和注射用血栓通的B/A接近1。不合理应用集中表现在适应症不适宜、给药剂量不规范，构成比分别为59.41%、16.01%。结论 西安医学院附属宝鸡医院重点监控药品管理工作初见成效，但仍需采取积极有效的监管措施进一步促进重点监控药品的合理使用。     

Oral health–related food selectivity among French independently living elders

Impaired oral conditions are described as influencing food intake behaviour and contributing to poor nutritional status in elderly persons. In order to evaluate the influence of age and oral factors on food choice among independently living elderly, we investigated food selectivity and oral health status in elders (aged over 65 years) and in younger people (aged between 35 and 64 years). Food selective behaviour was appraised by using a food selectivity questionnaire based on traditional French dishes. A stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was done to sequentially identify age and oral conditions associated with oral discomfort–related food avoidance. Occlusal status and oral health–related quality of life contributed to food choice. Risk of oral discomfort–related food avoidance was significantly increased in people with fewer than seven occlusal functional units (OFUs) and with Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index summary scores (GOHAI-ADD) indicating poor and average oral health–related quality of life (P < .05). Age was never a significant factor of food selective behaviour. The present data support the impact of occlusal status and oral health–related quality of life on food behaviour. Specific attention should be given in maintaining or restoring good oral conditions throughout the lifespan, especially occluding teeth.     

Breakfast skipping and breakfast type are associated with daily nutrient intakes and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES

Emerging evidence shows that eating breakfast and breakfast types may be associated with health outcomes and dietary intakes in various populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between breakfast types in Korean adults with their daily nutrient intakes and health outcomes.

SUBJECTS/METHODS

A total of 11,801 20- to 64-year-old adults (age 42.9 ± 11.8 yrs [mean ± standard error of the mean]; male 41.1%, female 58.9%) in 2007-2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey data were divided into 5 groups based on breakfast types in a 24-hr dietary recall: rice with 3 or more side dishes (Rice3+, 35.3%), rice with 0-2 side dishes (Rice0-2, 34.73%), noodles (1.56%), bread and cereal (6.56%), and breakfast skipping (21.63%). Daily nutrient intakes and the risk of metabolic syndrome were compared among five groups.

RESULTS

Compared with Korean Recommended Nutrient Intake levels, the breakfast-skipping group showed the lowest intake level in most nutrients, whereas the Rice3+ group showed the highest. Fat intake was higher in the bread and noodle groups than in the other groups. When compared with the Rice3+ group, the odds ratios for the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome were increased in the breakfast skipping, Rice0-2, and noodle groups after controlling for confounding variables.

CONCLUSIONS

The rice-based breakfast group showed better nutritional status and health outcomes when eating with 3 or more side dishes. Nutrition education is needed to emphasize both the potential advantage of the rice-based, traditional Korean diet in terms of nutritional content and the importance of food diversity.     

中药品种保护制度评析

中药品种保护制度是我国一项特有的中药行政保护措施,保护的是企业对该中药品种的生产权,而不是知识产权。《中药品种保护条例》自1993年实施以来,实施背景已经发生了巨大变化,其局限性也日益显现。应更新过分倚重行政保护的理念,谋求一种以知识产权为基础,辅助以行政保护手段的中医药综合保护体制。