两种不同剂量生长激素在体外受精超排卵中的作用比较

目的　探讨不同剂量生长激素 (GH)在体外受精 -胚胎移植 (IVF -ET)中 ,对低反应患者超排卵周期的作用。方法　前一IVF周期卵巢低反应的患者 30例 ,她们在前一周期采用促性腺激素释放激素激动剂 (GnRH -a)和促性腺激素(Gn)治疗 ,本周期采用GnRH -a、Gn、GH(两种不同剂量 )治疗 ,比较两种不同剂量生长激素的作用。结果　两种剂量生长激素均可提高受精率 ,增加优质胚胎数 ,提高妊娠率 ,且不同剂量生长激素间的作用无显著差异。结论　生长激素在IVF超排卵中有辅助作用 ,且不同剂量作用无显著差异     

血清及卵泡液中抑制素B动态变化及其与促排卵结局的相关性研究

目的:探讨不同控制性超促排卵(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation,COH)方案中血清及卵泡液(follicular fluid,FF)中抑制素B(inhibin B,INHB)的动态变化及其与COH结局的相关性。方法:收集因输卵管因素和/或男方因素首次接受体外受精/卵细胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)助孕患者COH过程各时间节点的血清及取卵(ovum pick up,OPU)日不同大小卵泡的FF,按筛选要求选取长方案组(A组,n=38)及非降调节方案组(B组,n=38)患者,对其血清及FF中INHB水平进行检测并行相关性分析。结果:①降调节过程中,血清INHB水平显著下降(P0.01),且Gn启动日A组血清INHB水平较B组明显下降(P=0.000)。②A组和B组Gn启动后血清INHB水平呈上升趋势,至h CG注射日达高峰后下降,OPU后2 d显著下降(P0.01);A组和B组基础及Gn启动后的血清INHB水平无统计学差异(P0.05)。③ Gn第5日血清INHB水平与COH结局相关性最强,且Gn启动日血清INHB水平与Gn用量呈高度负相关(P0.01)。④A组和B组FF中血清INHB水平随卵泡直径增大而升高,大卵泡的FF中INHB水平无统计学差异(P0.05),但A组中小卵泡的FF中INHB水平显著高于B组(P0.01);且大卵泡的FF中INHB水平与COH结局相关性最好。结论:①降调节后血清INHB水平预示降调节对卵泡同步化作用较好;②COH过程中血清及大中卵泡的FF中INHB水平能很好地预测卵巢反应性及COH结局。     

自然周期IVF/IVM、IVM和常规促排卵技术在不孕症治疗中的临床应用比较

目的探讨自然周期IVF结合未成熟卵母细胞IVM（自然周期IVF/IVM）和IVM技术与控制性促排卵技术（COH）相比,在不孕症治疗中的临床价值。方法根据筛查标准,将患者治疗方案分为以下3种类型：（A）自然周期IVF/IVM;（B）IVM;（C）COH。结果在1686个移植周期中,31.3%的周期（528个）应用自然周期IVF/IVM技术,12.8%实施IVM技术,55.9%通过COH方案治疗。自然周期IVF/IVM、IVM和COH的临床妊娠率分别为33.9%、39.8%和31.1%,IVM组高于其他两组但各组之间无显著差异,胚胎着床率也无显著差异。而IVM组的流产率（36.0%）高于其他两组（31.3%和25.9%）,无显著统计学差异。结论从本研究可以看出,自然周期IVF/IVM和IVM方案可以解决近一半周期的不孕症患者,并且可以获得与COH相近的临床妊娠率。     

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with sequential letrozole co-treatment in normo/high responders

Objective: To investigate the effect of co-administration of letrozole in an ovarian stimulation protocol using recombinant FSH and GnRH antagonists for ICSI in normo/high responders.

Methods: Computerized data of 320 antagonist ICSI/ET cycles with or without letrozole were retrospectively analyzed. In 105 cases, letrozole (5?mg/day) was started at the second day of the cycle continued for 5 days. At the second day of letrozole, gonadotropins were added. The remaining 215 cases were stimulated with recombinant FSH only. In all cases on day 6, GnRH antagonist was started. Ovarian stimulation protocols with or without letrozole were compared for cycle outcome parameters.

Results: In cycles with letrozole, significantly lower gonadotropin consumption and lower peak estradiol levels were found. In cycles with letrozole, mean number of metaphase II and fertilized oocytes retrieved were significantly higher compared to cycles without letrozole. The pregnancy and clinical pregnancy rates were similar.

Conclusion: Should the number of oocytes retrieved being higher in letrozole group might indicate that letrozole might contribute to successful ovarian stimulation with a lower dosage of gonadotropins. Despite the lower peak estradiol levels, pregnancy rates being similar to other group also support the idea that letrozole can contribute to normal potential of implantation.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者控制性超促排卵过程AMH和INHB浓度变化的临床研究

目的：探讨多囊卵巢综合征（ polycystic ovarian syndrome , PCOS ）患者控制性超促排卵（ controlled ovarian hyperstimulation,COH）过程中血清抗苗勒管激素（anti-Mullerian hormone,AMH）和抑制素B（inhibin B,INHB）浓度的变化及其对COH结局的预测价值。方法 PCOS 组患者37例,对照组患者41例。检测患者月经周期第2/3天（ D2/3）、促性腺激素（gonadotrophin,Gn）刺激第5天（D5）、人绒毛膜促性腺激素（human chorionic gonadotropin,hCG）日（D-hCG）血清AMH及INHB浓度及取卵日卵泡液中AMH及INHB浓度,观察其动态变化及其对COH结局的影响。结果在COH过程中,血清AMH浓度逐渐降低,而血清INHB浓度逐渐升高。 PCOS组患者hCG日血清雌二醇（ estrodiol,E2）浓度、获卵数、冷冻胚胎数较对照组明显升高（P＜0．05,P＜0．001）,而Gn用量、受精率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,2组患者的临床妊娠率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。血清AMH和INHB浓度与Gn剂量、hCG日E 2浓度具有相关性（P＜0．05,P＜0．001）,但是与获卵数、临床妊娠率无相关性（P＞0．05）。结论 PCOS患者 AMH和INHB浓度在COH过程中呈现动态变化,可以预测COH中卵巢的反应性,但是对超促排卵结局的预测价值还有待进一步研究。     

适当延后促排卵启动时间有利于IVF-ET结局

目的:探讨不同促排卵(COH)启动时间对IVF-ET结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析845个IVF-ET周期结局。分别比较过度抑制组(A组)及非过度抑制组(B组)中d3-5启动(亚组1)和d6-8启动(亚组2)的临床结局。同时比较GnRH-a降调后常规d3COH启动病例(C组)中,出现垂体过度抑制与未出现过度抑制组的临床结局。结果:C组中垂体过度抑制者与非过度抑制者相比,Gn用量、Gn刺激天数增加,获卵数、优质胚胎数、胚胎种植率、持续妊娠率低(P<0.05)。hCG注射日E2、LH下降(P<0.01)。而A组与B组的比较中均得出同样的结论:d6-8启动比d3-5启动获得更多的直径>14mm的卵泡数及获卵数,Gn用量及Gn使用天数减少,hCG注射日有更高的E2和LH水平(P均<0.05),但是2种启动时间相比获得的优质胚胎数、胚胎种植率及持续妊娠率均无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。结论:延迟COH启动时间可减少卵巢刺激时间、Gn用量,可增加>14mm卵泡数及获卵数,且不影响优质胚胎数、胚胎种植率及持续妊娠率。     

Transplacental effect of diethylstilbestrol in female rats.

The effect of diethylstilbestrol propionate (DES; 1 mg/kg body wt. was studied in the female offspring of rats exposed subcutaneously on the 19th day of gestation. Examination of vaginal smears showed persistent estrus in adult rats treated prenatally with DES. Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy (COH) induced by hemicastration of these rats was not suppressed by estrogens. A per oral test for glucose-tolerance revealed decreased utilization of glucose in the offspring of DES-treated rats. Preliminary observations demonstrated that tumors developed in 14 of 18 (77.8%) progeny transplacentally expoed to DES and in 9 of 34 (26.5%) intact control rats. Tumors of the ovary and the endometrium were found only in the rats treated prenatally with DES; no tumors of the uterine cervix or vagina were observed in either experimental or control groups. It is suggested that a transplacental effect of DES in the female is impairment of the sex differentiation of the hypothalamus. The resulting hormonal and metabolic shifts might promote tumorigenesis.     

桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗未破裂卵泡黄素化综合征的疗效观察

目的观察采用桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗未破裂卵泡黄素化综合征的临床疗效。方法选择68例多囊卵巢综合征经促排卵后发生未破裂卵泡黄素化的患者,将其分为治疗组(35例)和对照组(33例),采用来曲唑+HMG+HCG方案,治疗组加服桂枝茯苓胶囊温阳活血促排卵,对照组不加桂枝茯苓胶囊。两组均治疗6个月经周期,观察患者排卵率及妊娠率、黄体期孕酮(P)及雌二醇(E2)、卵泡周围血流灌注情况。结果治疗组排卵率、妊娠率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组黄体期E2及P水平高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组S/D值及RI较对照组均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论桂枝茯苓胶囊辅助治疗未破裂卵泡黄素化有较好疗效。桂枝茯苓胶囊的促排卵、增加血流灌注、健黄体作用值得在临床推广。     

Endometrial Collagen Fibril Hyperplasia is Associated with Implantation Failure in Women Undergoing IVF-ET

Objective To analyse the effects of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation （ COH） on the endometrial expression of collagen fibril （CF） during the peri-implantation period in patients undergoing IVF, and its relation to endometrial receptivity （ER） in repeated implantation failure（RIF）. Methods Peripheral blood and endometrial biopsies were obtained from 45 infertile women on days 5, 7 or 9 after oocytes retrieval or ovulation in a stimulated cycle （SC） and natural cycle （NC） respectively. CF was assayed by transmission electron microscope and quantified by modified Masson dyeing. The outcome of subsequent embryo transfer（ET） was observed. Results Levels of both E2 and progesterone were higher in the peripheral blood in SC than in NC. Also the expression of CF in the stroma in each secretory phase was increased significantly in SC （P 〈O.05）. After embryo transferring, expression levels of CF in the pregnancy group dropped between the mid- and late-secretory phase, but no change in the non-pregnancy group. In the same term, all patients undergone endometrial curettage had higher pregnancy rate than those without. Conclusion Imbalance of production and degradation of endometrial CF in the secretory phase resulting from COH may be the cause of defective ER and implantation failure in some RIF patients. Endometrial curettage may improve implantation rate by inducing appropriate CF hyperplasia and degradation.     

基础卵泡刺激素/黄体生成素比值与体外受精-胚胎移植结果的关系

目的　探讨体外受精 -胚胎移植 (IVF- ET)周期中基础卵泡刺激素 /黄体生成素比值与体外受精 -胚胎移植结果的关系。　方法　在 2 0 0 1年 12月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月于本院进行 IVF- ET的病人 315例 ,均于月经周期第 2 d抽取外周血 ,采用化学发光方法测定基础卵泡刺激素 (FSH)、黄体生成素 (L H)、雌二醇 (E2 )水平。选取其中符合首次行 IVF- ET治疗 ,年龄≤ 35岁 ,月经周期正常 ,FSH<15 m Iu/ml的 12 5例患者 ,共 12 5个周期。将患者分为两组 :FSH/L H<3.0组和FSH/L H≥ 3.0组 ,观察两组 IVF- ET结果。　结果　基础 FSH/L H<3.0组的患者的≥ 14 mm的卵泡数、取卵数、临床妊娠率均高于基础 FSH/L H≥ 3.0组 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ;而低反应比率、周期取消率、Gn用量则均低于基础 FSH/L H≥ 3.0 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ;两组的成熟卵率、正常受精率、异常受精率、优质胚胎率分别为 75 .6 %和 78.9%、5 9.7%和 5 7.9%、14 .1%和 19.5 %、79.4 %和 85 % ,两组差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;两组月经第 2 d的 E2分别为 (6 8.5±4 1.2 ) pg/ml和 (5 9.7± 2 6 .1) pg/ml,差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。　结论　基础卵泡刺激素 /黄体生成素比值对行 IVF- ET治疗的年轻且 FSH<15 m Iu/ml的患者行促超排卵治疗后的