个体化健康教育对糖尿病抑郁症运动依从性影响

目的研究糖尿病并发抑郁症患者运动依从性的影响因素,探讨有效的干预措施。方法选择2018年11月-2019年8月天津市公安医院收治的糖尿病患者158例为研究对象,根据抑郁自评量表(CES-D)调查情况分为糖尿病抑郁(DDM)组和糖尿病非抑郁(NDDM)组各79例,采用问卷的形式分析个体化健康教育指导前后患者运动依从性影响因素。结果 NDDM组患者运动依从性量表评分为(78.4±3.3)分,高于DDM组的(52.7±4.1)分;重度抑郁患者较轻度抑郁患者运动治疗依从性明显降低;两组患者个体化健康教育后运动依从性量表评分较教育前均提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同运动依从性的糖尿病患者性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭支持、医患关系、并发症数量、住院次数、BMI、HbA1c比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论抑郁症对糖尿病患者的运动依从性有明显影响,且抑郁程度越重运动依从性越差。个体化健康教育能有效改善糖尿病并发抑郁症患者的运动依从性,值得临床进一步研究。     

An electronic travel guide for visually impaired – vehicle board recognition system through computer vision techniques

Abstract

Purpose: In the context of assistive technology, mobility takes the meaning of “moving safely, gracefully, and comfortably”.The aim of this article is to provide a system which will be a convenient means of navigation for the Visually Impaired people, in the public transport system.

Method: A blind regular commuter who travels by public transport facility finds difficulty in identifying the vehicle that is nearing the stop. Hence, a real-time system that dynamically identifies the nearing vehicle and informs the commuters is necessary. This paper proposes such a system namely the “Vehicle Board Recognition System” (VBRS). Computer Vision techniques such as segmentation, object recognition, text detection and optical character recognition are utilized to build the system, which will detect, analyze, derive and communicate the information to the passengers.

Results: Thanks to the rapid development in technology, there are several navigation systems both hand held and wearable, available to help visually impaired (VI) people move comfortably both indoor and outdoor. Many blind people are not comfortable in using these devices or they are not affordable for them. Thus the proposed system gives them the comfort of navigation.

Conclusion: This system can be installed in the bus stop to assist the Visually Impaired, from externally rather than their hand held or wearable assistive devices.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• This proposed system will help the visually impaired to

• ensure secure navigation

• be independent of the others

• develop self confidence.

• overcome the training, affordability of wearable/ handheld devices.

     

个体成长模型在纵向研究中的应用--以大学新生交往主动性为例

目的介绍个体成长模型方法对大学新生适应能力中交往主动性的3次测查数据采用普通回归模型和个体成长模型进行分析。结果个体成长模型的拟合度比普通回归模型的拟合度要好,个体成长模型可在个体水平上分析个体随时间产生的变化。结论个体成长模型具有许多优点,熟悉这种重要的分析方法对纵向数据研究者是非常有益处的。     

论现阶段医疗保险个人帐户存在的必要性

[目的]探讨医疗保险个人账户是否有存在的必要性。[方法]将方案设计的初衷与实际运行相比较分析。[结果]医疗保险个人帐户约束和积累作用发挥得不理想，在一定程度上抑制了老年人和陵性病患者的医疗需要。从我国国民的心理承受力和国民素质及解决人口老龄化时支付危机等方面的考虑，笔者认为在现阶段有其存在的必要。[结论]应采取扩大覆盖对象，调整使用范围，取消退休人员个人账户，加强对供方的管理以及其它配套措施来进一步完善。     

Precision of three-dimensional CT-assisted model production in the maxillofacial area

Individual skull model fabrication was introduced into preoperative diagnostics in maxillofacial surgery in the mid-1980s. The aim of the present study was to collect information on the reproducibility of a skull model milled from hardened polyurethane foam. This model was based on the CT data of a real skull. Twenty comparative studies were carried out on both the model and the original skull, the model showing an average inaccuracy of 1.6 mm. The deviations ranged between 0.0 and 3.6 mm; the general trend favouring enlargements. The total deviation of the model as compared to the original skull was 1.8%. A convincing aspect of the model, which cannot be obtained by any other method, is its plasticity and the possibility of 3 D orientation on a lifesize model. This new method is already used in preoperative planning of corrections of post-traumatic defects and craniofacial deformities as well as in tumour surgery. Correspondence to: P. Solar     

Family system test (FAST): Are parents' and children's family constructs either different or similar,or both?

Perceptions of family cohesion and hierarchy structures were assessed by theFamily System Test (FAST), a clinically-derived figure placement technique. Parents (N=140) and their preadolescent offspring (N=70) completed typical and conflict representations in individual as well as group settings. Typical representations were characterized by balanced family structures (i.e. cohesive and moderately hierarchical) and those displaying conflict situations showed predominantly unbalanced patterns. FAST portrayals were related to respondent (mother vs. father vs. child). Fathers represented typical family relations as balanced more often than mothers. Regarding conflict representations, children were more likely than fathers to portray the family as unbalanced. However, analyses of representations of the same family (i.e. intra-family comparisons) indicated that all respondents differed in their perceptions and, that fathers' typical portrayals showed most often the same structure as those done by the family members as a group.     

心理保健教育对入伍新兵人格特征的影响

目的：探讨心理保健教育对新兵个性特征的影响。方法：采用：采用修订的成人艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）对2180名新兵个性特征进行调查，尔后以《军人精神卫生保健常识》为教材对他们进行心理健康保健教育，三年后对1533名完成者再次进行EPQ调查。结果：新兵及其自身对照级精神质（P）量表分均低于袭氏和艾氏常模，而内外向（E）量表分、神经质（N）量表分和效度（L）量表分均低于袭氏和艾氏常模，新兵内外向（E）量表分高于其自身对照组，而精神质（P），神经质（N）及效度（L）量表分则低于其自身对照组，而中间、外向、倾向外向则高于自身对照组（P＜0．05）；情绪稳定性也以中间型为多（分别为65．27％和68．95％），稳定和中间入伍新兵低于自身对照组，而倾向不稳定和不稳入伍则高于自身对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：心理保健教育对新兵个性特征有积极的影响。     

汉正街特需医疗卫生服务需求探析

本文选择汉正街作个体户人群特需医疗卫生服务需求的典型调查。遁过432例分析及与调查人群平均需求率比较,揭示出个体户人群疾病频率低、文化层次低、自费医疗多的卫生现状,以及个体户人群的特需需求率较低和倾向预防性特需服务的需求特征。本文较多地讨论了个体户人群卫生现状、卫生需求的特性及共性,较深地思考了对个体户人群开展特需服务的策略。并结合医学社会化的大趋势理论,指出特需服务的可行和必行。