Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Epithelium of the Human Prostatic Urethra

The human prostatic urethra has been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy. On the posterior wall of the urethra, the seminal colliculus with the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts is clearly detectable. The upper portion of the prostatic urethra shows a typical transitional epithelium with large superficial cells of a ruffled appearance. In the lower portion of the organ (underneath the openings of the ejaculatory ducts), the apical pattern of the cells varies considerably. Four main aspects are recognizable: apices provided with microvilli, dome-shaped apices with an almost smooth surface, large apices with labyrinthic microplicae and ciliated apices. Also, apices showing intermediate characteristics can be noted. The functional significance of the morphological patterns as well as the possibility of a transition among the various types of surface structures are discussed.     

Hemangioma of the Prostatic Urethra: Hematospermia and Massive Postejaculation Hematuria with Clot Retention

The case of a 53-year-old man with hematospermia and massive postejaculation hematuria that caused urinary retention is described. This is the sixth case in the English and Japanese language literature. Cystourethroscopic examination revealed that a solitary raised tumor was present just distal to the vermontanum, and that bleeding was from its apex. Histologic examination of an excisional biopsy sample showed features compatible with hemangioma.     

Basic study on velocity-flow urodynamics using Doppler sonography: Simultaneous detection of cavitation and Doppler signals in an artificial urethral model

BACKGROUND: We have developed velocity-flow urodynamics using Doppler sonography based on the hypothesis that microbubbles formed in the urethra are responsible for Doppler signals. In order to confirm this hypothesis derived from Bernoulli's principle, we investigated the simultaneous detection of cavitation noise and Doppler signals in an experimental system. METHODS: An experimental circuit was built in which a stenosis was created using a glass or silicon tube with tap water used as the sample fluid. Doppler signals, pressure before and after the stenosis, flow rate, flow velocity and cavitation noise were measured. Direct detection of cavitation with a high-speed charged-coupled device (CCD) camera was conducted in the glass tube. The relationship between cross-sectional area and flow velocity in terms of the detection of Doppler signals was analyzed in the silicon tube study. RESULTS: In the glass tube study, a high-speed CCD camera clearly detected masses of microbubbles associated with cavitation. The range of flow rates creating cavitation completely corresponded with those producing Doppler signals detected by ultrasonography. A similar correlation was observed in the silicon tube study, which showed that a low flow velocity of 41.5 cm/sec through a stenosis with a cross-sectional area of 20 mm(2) created Doppler signals at a flow rate of 8.3 mL/sec. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study confirmed that microbubbles created in flowing urine are responsible for Doppler signals. Measurement of velocity-flow urodynamics has great potential to become a non-invasive and reliable alternative to conventional pressure- flow urodynamic studies.     

显微外科技术在尿道下裂修复中的应用

采用显微外科技术行阴囊纵膈皮瓣尿道下裂修复术18例，均获成功。其手术要点为：将阴茎腹侧纤维索条切除，充分伸展阴茎，皮瓣保留足够长度与宽度，克保血运；在显微镜下采用7－0尼龙丝线缝合，形成皮管，不缝皮肤，只缝皮下。硅胶管支架引流，加压包扎阴茎。本文对手术成功的原因进行了初步讨论。     

配合尿道灌注治疗男性支原体性尿道炎

目的 观察配合尿道灌注治疗男性支原体性尿道炎的疗效。方法 将530例患者随机分为4组。A组：尿道灌注组；B组：静脉给药组；C组：上述两种方法并用；D组：C组的基础上，加用紫苓胶囊。结果 A组与B组间总有效率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；C组与D组总有效率高于A组与B组（P〈0．05）；C组与D组间总有效率差异无显著性（P〉0．05），在复查支原体阴性患者中，D组治愈率高于C组（P〈0．05）。结论 阿奇霉素尿道灌注与静点疗效相同，联合用药可提高疗效，紫苓胶囊可以改善不适症状。     

放射性~(125)I粒子组织间植入对家兔尿道损伤的实验研究

目的:研究不同剂量的放射性125I粒子对家兔尿道的放射性损伤。方法:麻醉下将放射性125I粒子植入雄性家兔尿道旁1.0cm处。125I粒子的放射性粒子活度分别为14.8MBq(A组)、29.6MBq(B组)和44.4MBq(C组),对照组(D组)仅尿道旁种植相当于粒子大小无放射性的无菌铅管1粒。植入后4周,摄尿道片,观察粒子位置等情况;原手术切口切开,取放射粒子周围2.0cm范围内的家兔尿道组织作肉眼、光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察,进行放射性损伤的评价。结果:术后4周,肉眼及光学显微镜观察,实验组与对照组粒子周围的尿道粘膜、粘膜下及肌层所见基本一致;C组少部分电镜视野中观察到尿道上皮胞质出现较多空泡变性、空化、嵴稀疏等超微结构的损伤。光镜下尿道入射性损伤评分,A、B、C、D组分别为(2.20±0.18)、(2.23±0.15)、(2.27±0.10)、(2.10±0.17)分,A、B、C组与D组相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。对线粒体作FlaMeng半定量分析,A、B、C、D各组评分分别为(1.23±0.13)、(1.34±0.25)、(1.41±0.30)、(1.12±0.13)分,A、B、C各组与D组(对照组)相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:放射性125I粒子对尿道放射性损伤随粒子的放射性活度的增加而逐渐加重,呈明显的放射性活度效应关系;正常剂量的放射性粒子对尿道的损伤是很轻微的,是安全可行的。