妇科门诊子宫颈病变常识问卷调查

目的了解我院门诊就诊者对子宫颈病变相关知识的认识。方法自制问卷调查表，采用无记名，当面问卷调查方式。结果从调查100例就诊者中，未做过健康体检、妇科盆腔检查和宫颈刮片检查分别为34例、24例和52例。对宫颈癌的认识不知道者53例。结论建议相关部门加强对妇女的健康教育，提高其健康意识，强化临床医生的防癌意识和对子宫病变的规范化诊治。     

Inguino-scrotal hernia of a double district ureter: case report and literature review

Ureteral hernia is uncommon and usually misdiagnosed. From an anatomic point of view, we can distinguish between two uretero-inguinal hernias: intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal. Ureter inguinal hernias are nearly always indirect. This kind of hernia can include the ureter alone or, frequently, other abdominal sliding organs within the hernia sac (bladder, bowel tracts, etc.). Kidneys and urinary tracts present normal anatomic conformation, although renal ptosis may be found. As of July 2004, 139 cases of ureteral hernia had been described in the literature. Here we report a case of inguino-scrotal herniation of double district ureter and review the current literature to analyze the main clinical characteristics of this pathology and to establish pitfalls.     

2012-2018年北京市昌平区农村生活饮用水微生物监测

目的了解北京市昌平区农村饮用水微生物污染状况,探讨影响昌平区农村饮用水微生物指标合格率的因素,为改善农村生活饮用水卫生状况提供科学依据。方法收集昌平区2012-2018年15个涉农镇内农村自备井枯水期和丰水期出厂水和末梢水的总大肠菌群数、大肠埃希菌数和菌落总数的监测结果,以及自备井的基本情况,采用χ²检验比较组间合格率的差异,运用Logistic回归模型进行影响因素分析。结果共检测1082件农村生活饮用水,微生物总体合格率为72.18%,菌落总数、总大肠菌群和大肠埃希菌的合格率分别为98.52%、72.55%和95.01%。微生物综合指标、菌落总数和总大肠菌群的合格率呈逐年上升趋势(χ²=14.548,P<0.001;χ²=8.095,P=0.04;χ²=15.954,P<0.001)。枯水期微生物综合合格率、总大肠菌群和大肠埃希菌的合格率分别为80.40%、80.77%和97.59%,均大于丰水期(χ²=33.530,P<0.001;χ²=33.816,P<0.001;χ²=15.281,P<0.001);未消毒、按要求消毒及偶尔消毒的自备井以上指标的合格率不全相同(χ²=23.289,P<0.001;χ²=22.510,P<0.001;χ²=10.643,P=0.005);非山区以上指标的合格率分别为59.38%、60.07%和93.40%,均大于山区(χ²=34.562,P<0.001;χ²=34.640,P<0.001;χ²=7.438,P=0.006);浅井、深井和泉水微生物综合指标、总大肠菌群的合格率均不全相同(χ²=38.742,P<0.001;χ²=38.829,P<0.001),大肠埃希菌的合格率亦不全相同(Fisher确切概率法,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,是否为山区、水期类型、水源类型、消毒方式为影响水样微生物指标的综合合格率的因素。结论昌平区农村饮用水微生物指标的合格率需进一步提高,水期类型、水源类型、消毒方式均不同程度影响其合格率,建议完善并加强消毒管理,加强饮水安全健康教育。     

《午梦堂集》的文学成就

晚明时期 ,在吴江地区出现了一个以叶绍袁、沈宜修及其子女为核心的文学团体 ,成就杰出。特别是女性文学 ,更令人聒目相看 ,这与叶绍袁进步的女性文学观及其妻女杰出的文学才华密不可分 ;也与吴江地区高度的文学水平密不可分     

Managing HIV-positive sero-status in Ghana’s most HIV concentrated district: self-perceived explanations and theoretical discourse

As of December 2015 there were 37 million persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs), 70% of whom are in sub-Saharan Africa. Ghana, which contributes a relatively small number to Africa’s HIV burden, has a generalised HIV epidemic. The current national prevalence is 1.47%. Agormanya, one of the HIV sentinel sites in the county and where this study was conducted, has current prevalence of 11.6%. This makes it critical to explore how persons infected with HIV manage their lives, especially in the midst of entrenched stigma and discrimination. However, available information on how PLWHAs in sub-Saharan Africa handle their day-to-day lives mostly dwell on food and nutrition. Thus, there is dearth of information on how PLWHAs in Ghana particularly handle the circumstances of their daily lives which are mostly coloured by their HIV-positive statuses, given their stigmatised identity. We explore how PLWHAs respond to the experiences and challenges of living with HIV/AIDS in Lower Manya Krobo, consistently most HIV-infected district in Ghana. Data were collected from 38 combined purposive and randomly selected HIV-positive persons in two leading hospitals (St Martins Depores Agormanya and Atua Government hospitals which provide specialised HIV care in the district. Using in-depth interviews, we studied how PLWHAs managed their routine livelihoods in the midst of extreme stigma. We combined the social capital and resilience theoretical frameworks to show that our respondents were mostly resilient and strategically mostly drew upon extended family social support to cope with their livelihood challenges. We recommend that community opinion leaders and other stakeholders sensitise community members in Lower Manya Krobo to better understand the mode of HIV infection and encourage/strengthen family and community cohesion and social support.     

2002年全国碘缺乏病外环境水碘监测结果分析

目的了解全国外环境水碘的分布情况,为因地制宜防治碘缺乏病提供背景资料。方法各省在每个地级行政区划单位随机抽取3个县,每个县随机抽取1～3个行政村,全省总数不少于30个。每个行政村采集不同饮用水源的水样进行检测碘水平。结果16个省份的水碘中位数< 5.0 μg/L,24个省份的水碘中位数< 10 μg/L,在4个省份发现了水碘> 200 μg/L的县。结论全国缺碘地区广泛存在,高碘地区范围不明确,急需查清。     

盐城地区7家医院抗肿瘤中成药使用情况调查及 影响因素分析*

目的：对盐城地区7家医院抗肿瘤中成药使用情况进行调查,以促进抗肿瘤中成药的合理使用。方法：随机抽取7家医院2017年7月至2018年6月间收治的肿瘤患者病历共1933份,对其性别、年龄、支付方式及抗肿瘤中成药的名称、剂型、用法用量、金额等进行统计,分析抗肿瘤中成药使用的影响因素。结果与结论：抽取三级综合医院病历470份、三级专科医院451份、二级综合医院1012份,上述医院抗肿瘤中成药使用率分别为24.9%、30.2%、21.4%,单个病例平均抗肿瘤中成药使用种数分别为0.48（0.48~0.60）、0.48（0.48~0.60）、0.48（0.48~0.48）种。各级医院中艾迪注射液使用率均较高。患者性别、年龄、是否手术对各级医院抗肿瘤中成药使用均无影响;而患者是否化疗、支付方式对抗肿瘤中成药使用存在影响。抗肿瘤中成药不合理使用问题主要表现在用法用量、中成药与西药联用、溶媒等方面不适宜。