DWI及MR动态增强在鉴别不同病理类型子宫肌瘤中的应用价值

目的探讨DWI及MR动态对比增强对不同病理类型子宫肌瘤鉴别诊断及临床价值。方法回顾性分析2015年10月～2016年9月经手术病理证实的子宫肌瘤57例(普通型27例,富细胞型12例,退变型18例)。所有患者术前均行盆腔DCE-MRI检查,应用Reference Region和Extended Tofts模型分别计算子宫肌瘤的定量灌注参数及ADC值,用受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)评价其诊断不同病理类型子宫肌瘤的效能。结果在三组子宫肌瘤间,ReferenceRegion模型的K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_p及Extended Tofts模型K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e、V_p值有统计学意义(P0.05),且这些参数在鉴别富细胞型子宫肌瘤的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.835、0.752、0.706、0.956、0.871、0.656、0.754;ADC值鉴别退变型肌瘤的曲线下面积为0.648。结论 K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e、V_p、ADC值在鉴别不同病理类型子宫肌瘤均具有较高的应用价值,可作为肌瘤分型的预测因子。     

DCE-MRI评估早期股骨头缺血性坏死介入治疗疗效的研究

目的探讨动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数在评估早期股骨头缺血性坏死(ANFH)介入治疗术后疗效的应用价值。方法选取本院21例单侧股骨头缺血性坏死患者作为观察对象。于介入治疗前、治疗后6个月行髋关节DCE-MRI检查,获取患者病侧与健侧股骨头的容积转移常数(K trans)、组织间隙-血浆速率常数(K ep)和细胞外间隙容积分数(V e)三个灌注参数的比值,评价疗效。结果介入治疗术后,患者病侧与健侧股骨头DCE-MRI扫描参数K trans比值为53.00(33.08,81.17)、K ep比值为6.11(5.11,17.51)、V e比值为5.14(2.76,8.13)明显高于治疗前6.92(3.27,37.11)、3.58(1.97,12.53)、2.43(1.5,4.2),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DCE-MRI能够通过定量参数对股骨头缺血性坏死介入治疗疗效进行评估。     

DCE-MRI定量参数评估肺癌BACE治疗早期疗效的初步研究

目的探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数对肺癌支气管动脉灌注化疗栓塞术(BACE)早期疗效的评估价值。方法收集经病理证实的18例肺癌患者,分别于术前一天和术后1个月行DCE-MRI检查。利用后处理软件分析图像,记录术前术后K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e、V_p四个定量参数的变化情况,比较术前术后各参数的差异。结果 1个月后复查,11例患者治疗有效,K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e、V_p四个数值较术前均下降,其中K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e的变化有统计学意义(P0.05),V_p的下降无统计学意义(P0.05),有效组与无效组术后四个数值相比,K~(trans)和V_p的差异有统计学意义(P0.05),相应的AUC(曲线下面积)为1和0.818、灵敏度100%和85.7%,特异度100%和72.7%。结论 DCE-MRI定量参数有助于判断肺癌BACE治疗效果,但需要大样本、长期随访进一步研究。     

磁共振动态增强扫描Tofts模型对中央叶前列腺癌及前列腺增生鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振动态增强扫描(DCE-MRI)Tofts模型对中央叶前列腺癌及前列腺增生的鉴别诊断价值。方法选取自2016年2月至2018年3月于鄂东医疗集团黄石中心医院泌尿外科诊断为中央叶前列腺癌患者28例(中央叶前列腺癌组)与前列腺增生患者32例(前列腺增生组)为研究对象。采取DCE-MRI Tofts模型对两组进行分析,比较两组的血管外细胞外间歇体积百分比(V_e)、转运常数(K~(trans))、速率常数(K_(ep)),通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线探讨K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e判断中央前列腺癌与前列腺增生的价值。结果中央叶前列腺癌组K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e显著高于前列腺增生组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);K~(trans)、K_(ep)诊断中央叶前列腺癌ROC曲线下面积分别为0.904、0.890,组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);V_e值诊断中央叶前列腺癌ROC曲线下面积为0.628,与K~(trans)、K_(ep)曲线下面积比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 DCE-MRI Tofts模型可用于中央叶前列腺癌的鉴别诊断,K~(trans)、K_(ep)表达为重度诊断效能,V_e表达为较弱的诊断效能。     

DCE-MRI血管功能参数在垂体微腺瘤诊断中的应用研究

目的探讨动态增强磁共振(DCE-MRI)血管功能参数在垂体微腺瘤诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析经临床表现、实验室检查、MRI检查及诊断性治疗证实的34例泌乳素微腺瘤患者、24例单纯泌乳素升高患者及20例健康人的DCE-MRI图像,获得垂体及微腺瘤微血管渗透性定量参数及半定量参数(容量转移常数K^(trans)、Ve、速率常数K_(ep)、达峰时间TTP)。采用t检验分析微腺瘤与邻近正常腺垂体组织各参数值的差异;采用方差分析对比微腺瘤组、单纯泌乳素升高组、健康对照组之间及健康对照组腺垂体左侧、中间、右侧之间各参数之间的差异;两两比较采用最小显著差异法;通过ROC曲线对各参数诊断微腺瘤的敏感度及特异度进行分析。P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果 1)垂体中间部位TTP值小于左侧及右侧,差异具有统计学意义;2)微腺瘤较邻近正常腺垂体组织的K^(trans)、K_(ep)值降低,TTP值升高,差异具有统计学意义;3)微腺瘤组较单纯泌乳素升高组及健康对照组的K^(trans)、K_(ep)值降低,TTP值升高,差异具有统计学意义。而单纯泌乳素升高组较健康对照组的K^(trans)、K_(ep)、TTP值差异无统计学意义;4)对微腺瘤的诊断,参数K^(trans)、K_(ep)诊断效能均高于TTP。K^(trans)-K_(ep)联合诊断的诊断效能高于K^(trans)-TTP及TTP-K_(ep)联合。K^(trans)-K_(ep)-TTP三者联合诊断效能最高。结论DCE-MRI功能参数可反映垂体微腺瘤的微血管变化,定量参数K_(ep)对微腺瘤的诊断效能较高,多参数联合有助于进一步提高垂体微腺瘤的诊断水平。     

DCE-MRI定量参数与乳腺癌病理结果HER-2、ER表达状态及分子分型的关系

目的探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数与乳腺癌病理结果人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)、雌激素受体(ER)表达状态及分子分型的关系。方法选取44例乳腺癌患者的DCE-MRI定量参数及HER-2、ER免疫组织化学染色结果,比较不同HER-2、ER表达状态及不同分子分型乳腺癌的容量转移(K^(trans))、速率常数(K_(ep))、血管外细胞外间隙容积比(V_(e))及曲线下面积(AUC)的差异,采用Spearman相关系数分析K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)、AUC与HER-2、ER表达状态的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积分析K^(trans)、K_(ep)、V_(e)、AUC与乳腺癌分子分型的关系。结果ER阳性乳腺癌患者K^(trans)≤0.80602、AUC>42.09119比例高于ER阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Luminal B型乳腺癌患者K^(trans)≤0.80602、AUC>42.09119比例高于Luminal A型、HER-2过表达型、TNBC乳腺癌患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。K^(trans)与ER表达状态呈负相关性(r=-0.356,P<0.05),AUC与ER表达状态呈正相关性(r=0.390,P<0.05)。AUC诊断Luminal B型,K_(ep)诊断TNBC型的曲线下面积均>0.7,有一定诊断价值,其中AUC诊断Luminal B型的曲线下面积最大。结论DCE-MRI定量参数与乳腺癌HER-2、ER表达状态及分子分型之间存在一定关系。     

3.0T 磁共振动态增强扫描定量分析在胰腺癌中的应用

目的：探讨磁共振动态增强扫描定量参数在胰腺癌中的应用价值。方法用3.0T 磁共振对病理证实的27例胰腺癌患者进行动态增强扫描,图像通过 Jims 软件的 Toft with Vp 模型分别计算病灶和正常胰腺组织的定量参数：K trans ,k ep ,Ve ,Vp ,并应用 SPSS17.0软件进行单向方差分析。结果胰腺癌的 K trans 值、k ep 值、Ve 值、Vp 值分别为：(0.303±0.321)min,(1.387±1.486)min,(25.07±10.98)%和(3.420±4.692)%;而正常胰腺组织的 K trans 值、k ep 值、Ve 值、Vp 值分别为：(1.235±0.777)min,(9.277±7.996)min,(17.89±8.882)%,(7.196±6.704)%,胰腺癌及正常胰腺组织的各参数间均存在显著的统计学差异(F 值分别为33.188,25.414,6.984,5.78,P 值均<0.05)。结论胰腺癌磁共振动态增强扫描定量参数能够准确反映病灶血流灌注及微循环变化,有助于不典型病变的鉴别诊断。     

MRI动态增强定量分析在鉴别乳腺良恶性结节中的诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振动态增强(DCE-MRI)的血流动力学定量参数在鉴别乳腺良恶性病变中的应用价值。方法搜集2016年1月～2018年2月行乳腺DCE-MRI扫描,且均有病理和临床随访证实的乳腺结节患者51例。先行乳腺常规MRI平扫,然后采用T_1高分辨率各向同性容积采集技术(T_1 high resolution isotropic volume excitation, THRIVE)先后进行5次不同翻转角(3°、6°、9°、12°、15°)扫描、再进行DCE-MRI的60期动态扫描,将5组不同翻转角序列、60个动态增强序列先后导入到Omni-Kinetics分析软件中,计算出病灶的K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e、iAUC等动力学参数。并运用t检验分析良恶性结节的差异,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)确定良恶性结节的界值。结果良恶性结节的K~(trans)、V_e值比较有显著性统计学差异(P0.05),K_(ep)、iAUC之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。恶性结节的K~(trans)、V_e值明显高于良性结节,根据ROC曲线确定K~(trans)的诊断价值较大,K~(trans)选取0.72为截点时,诊断敏感性为75.8%,特异度为84.7%。结论 DCE-MRI可以量化分析乳腺结节的血流动力学,其中的K~(trans)、V_e值有助于乳腺良恶性结节的鉴别诊断。     

多模态MRI在宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型的价值研究

【摘要】目的：分析多模态磁共振成像（MRI）在宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型的价值。方法：前瞻性选择2020年1-12月收治宫颈癌患者60例,据组织学分型分为宫颈鳞癌组及宫颈腺癌组,据病理分化程度分为高分化组、中分化组、低分化组。所有患者均行扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)检查,比较各组患者表观弥散系数(ADC)值、转运常数(Ktrans)、血管外细胞外间隙体积百分数(Ve)及数率常数(Kep)水平,采用ROC曲线分析多模态MRI在宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型的价值。结果：宫颈腺癌组患者ADC值明显低于宫颈鳞癌组,Ktrans、Ve、Kep水平明显高于宫颈鳞癌组（P＜0.01）。ROC曲线分析得出ADC、Ktrans、Ve、Kep鉴别宫颈癌病理类型的AUC分别为0.726、0.798、0.719、0.685;DWI+DCE MRI鉴别宫颈癌病理类型的AUC为0.849。中、低分化组患者ADC水平明显低于高分化组,Ktrans、Ve、Kep水平明显高于高分化组,低分化组患者ADC水平明显低于中分化组,Ktrans、Ve、Kep水平明显高于中分化组（P＜0.01）。ROC曲线分析得出ADC、Ktrans、Ve、Kep鉴别宫颈癌分化程度的AUC分别为0.725、0.815、0.659、0.741;DWI+DCE MRI鉴别宫颈癌分化程度的AUC为0.869。结论：DWI、DCE-MRI检查参数水平变化与宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型存在一定联系,多模态MRI在鉴别宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型方面具有一定价值。     

IVIM-DWI与DCE-MRI定量参数对鼻咽癌近期疗效的评价

目的探讨磁共振动态增强(dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging,DCE-MRI)与体内不相干运动扩散加权成像(intravoxel incoherent movement diffusion weighted imaging,IVIM-DWI)定量参数对鼻咽癌近期疗效的诊断价值。方法选取行IVIM-DWI DCE-MRI检查的鼻咽癌患者60例,获取其IVIM-DWI参数与DCE-MRI定量参数。术后5个月患者再行动态增强磁共振检测,根据病情缓解情况,将患者分为痊愈组(A组)和待观察组(B组)。对A、B两组患者治疗前的各项IVIM-DWI与DCE-MRI参数进行相关性分析。结果IVIM-DWI参数和DCE-MRI参数中,K_(ep)、K^(trans)、D^(*)、D以及ADC等参数与分期存在显著相关性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),相关系数分别为-0.254、-0.331、-0.301、-0.391和-0.223;治疗前,A组患者的ADC值显著低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),A组D值显著低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者的D^(*)值与f值均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ADC、D和K^(trans)对鼻咽癌近期疗效的预测性能ROC曲线下面积分别为0.665、0.761、0.712。结论IVIM-DWI与动态增强磁共振定量参数能够较为准确地预估鼻咽癌近期疗效,为后续治疗提供依据。     

DCE-MRI及IVIM模型在直肠癌病理分级中的应用及其灌注参数的相关性

目的探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数、体素内不相干运动(IVIM)不同模型在直肠癌病理分级中的应用价值,比较两者灌注指标的相关性。资料与方法收集行动态增强及多b值扩散加权成像扫描,且经手术或肠镜病理证实为直肠癌的37例患者,其中高分化11例,中分化12例,低分化14例,测量DCE-MRI参数容积转移常数(K^trans)、速率常数(Kep)和血管外细胞外容积分数(Ve),IVIM模型中标准表观扩散系数(标准ADC)、双阶单指数纯扩散系数(D-mono)、灌注系数(D^*-mono)、灌注分数(f-mono)及双阶双指数模型纯扩散系数(D-Bi)、灌注系数(D^*-Bi)、灌注分数(f-Bi),检验数据一致性,比较不同病理分化程度直肠癌各参数值的差异及各组间参数值的差异,分析各灌注指标间的相关性。结果观察者间测量数据一致性良好(ICC>0.5)。DCE-MRI参数K^trans、Ve值及IVIM模型参数D-mono及D^*-mono值在不同病理分级的直肠癌中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),低分化组Ktrans及Ve值均高于高分化组;低分化组D-mono值低于高分化组,D*-mono值高于高分化组,且随着分化程度降低,D-mono值逐渐降低,D^*-mono值逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ve与f-Bi呈正相关(r=0.365,P=0.026)。结论DCE-MRI及IVIM模型可为直肠癌病理分级的术前评估提供较可靠的定量参数。IVIM模型的f-Bi值与DCE-MRI灌注参数Ve具有相关性。     

Combined quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and (1)H MR spectroscopic imaging of human prostate cancer

PURPOSE: To differentiate prostate carcinoma from healthy peripheral zone and central gland using quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and two-dimensional (1)H MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) combined into one clinical protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three prostate cancer patients were studied with a combined DCE-MRI and MRSI protocol. Cancer regions were localized by histopathology of whole mount sections after radical prostatectomy. Pharmacokinetic modeling parameters, K(trans) and k(ep), as well as the relative levels of the prostate metabolites citrate, choline, and creatine, were determined in cancer, healthy peripheral zone (PZ), and in central gland (CG). RESULTS: K(trans) and k(ep) were higher (P < 0.05) in cancer and in CG than in normal PZ. The (choline + creatine)/citrate ratio was elevated in cancer compared to the PZ and CG (P < 0.05). While a (choline + creatine)/citrate ratio above 0.68 was found to be a reliable indicator of cancer, elevated K(trans) was only a reliable cancer indicator in the diagnosis of individual patients. K(trans) and (choline + creatine)/citrate ratios in cancer were poorly correlated (Pearson r(2) = 0.07), and thus microvascular and metabolic abnormalities may have complementary value in cancer diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The combination of high-resolution spatio-vascular information from dynamic MRI and metabolic information from MRSI has excellent potential for improved localization and characterization of prostate cancer in a clinical setting. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;20:279-287. Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Measurement of pharmacokinetic parameters in histologically graded invasive breast tumours using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) has demonstrated high sensitivity for detection of breast cancer. Analysis of correlation between quantitative DCE-MRI findings and prognostic factors (such as histological tumour grade) is important for defining the role of this technique in the diagnosis of breast cancer as well as the monitoring of neoadjuvant therapies. This paper presents a practical clinical application of a quantitative pharmacokinetic model to study histologically confirmed and graded invasive human breast tumours. The hypothesis is that, given a documented difference in capillary permeability between benign and malignant breast tumours, a relationship between permeability-related DCE-MRI parameters and tumour aggressiveness persists within invasive breast carcinomas. In addition, it was hypothesized that pharmacokinetic parameters may demonstrate stronger correlation with prognostic factors than the more conventional black-box techniques, so a comparison was undertaken. Significant correlations were found between pharmacokinetic and black-box parameters in 59 invasive breast carcinomas. However, statistically significant variation with tumour grade was demonstrated in only two permeability-related pharmacokinetic parameters: k(ep) (p<0.05) and K(trans) (p<0.05), using one-way analysis of variance. Parameters k(ep) and K(trans) were significantly higher in Grade 3 tumours than in low-grade tumours. None of the measured DCE-MRI parameters varied significantly between Grade 1 and Grade 2 tumours. Measurement of k(ep) and K(trans) might therefore be used to monitor the effectiveness of neoadjuvant treatment of high-grade invasive breast carcinomas, but is unlikely to demonstrate remission in low-grade tumours.     

扩散峰度成像与扩散加权成像在诊断宫颈鳞癌分级中的价值

目的对比分析扩散峰度成像(DKI)与扩散加权成像(DWI)诊断宫颈鳞癌分级的价值。方法回顾性纳入经术后病理证实的宫颈鳞癌病人42例,年龄39~69岁,平均(54.9±7.9)岁。以病理结果为金标准,分为高中分化组(27例)和低分化组(15例),分别测量2组肿瘤实质区平均扩散峰度(MK)值、平均扩散系数(MD)值及平均表观扩散系数(ADC)值、最小ADC值,采用独立样本t检验比较2组间各参数值的差异,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评价各参数值的诊断效能及最佳诊断阈值,并根据约登指数确定各参数相应的敏感度和特异度。结果2名观察者测得各参数的一致性均良好(均ICC>0.60,P<0.05)。低分化组的MK值高于高中分化组,而MD、平均ADC、最小ADC值均低于高中分化组(均P<0.05)。采用单一参数鉴别低分化与高中分化宫颈鳞癌时,MK为0.88时,AUC最大(0.877)、敏感度(92.6%)最高;MD为1.04×10^-3mm^2/s时,特异度(86.7%)最高。联合MK、MD和最小ADC值诊断时,AUC最大(0.937),敏感度最高(96.3%)。结论与传统DWI相比,DKI可更有效地鉴别低分化与高中分化宫颈鳞癌,联合应用DKI和DWI参数可有效提高诊断效能。     

Determination of the maturity and functionality of tumor vasculature by MRI: correlation between BOLD-MRI and DCE-MRI using P792 in experimental fibrosarcoma tumors.

Using hypercapnia and carbogen as functional markers of vessel maturation and function, we compared blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast with standard dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI quantitative parameters in murine fibrosarcoma. Our results show that there was no correlation between vessel maturity and contrast-agent uptake rate (K(in) (Trans)) or contrast agent efflux rate (k(ep)). In addition, DCE-MRI provided higher estimates of the fraction of functional tumor compared to BOLD-MRI. The two putative markers of regional vascular density, i.e., the magnitude of BOLD signal change during carbogen challenge (VF) and the fractional plasma volume found by DCE-MRI (V(p)), were only weakly correlated (r(2) = 0.02-0.14). Furthermore, VF showed no correlation with K(in) (Trans). A positive correlation was observed (r(2) = 0.75) between mean tumor VF and k(ep), but only when averaged over the whole tumor (which includes tumor regions completely unperfused by the gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent). This would merely reveal a relationship between perfusion status and the capacity to respond to carbogen breathing. In conclusion, characterizations of tumor microvasculature imaging using BOLD-MRI and DCE-MRI appear to be largely complementary, given the weak correlations between their corresponding derived parameters.     

酰胺质子转移成像与DWI诊断宫颈鳞癌并评估其分级的对比研究

目的:对比分析酰胺质子转移成像(APT)与扩散加权成像(DWI)在诊断宫颈鳞癌并评估其分级中的价值。方法:回顾性分析50例宫颈癌患者的临床及APT、DWI资料,根据病理类型分为腺癌组(n=11)与鳞癌组(n=39),并根据病理分级将鳞癌组分为低分化组(n=12)与高中分化组(n=27),测量宫颈癌组织的不对称性磁化转移率(MTR asym)、平均ADC值、最小ADC值,分别比较宫颈腺癌组与鳞癌组、宫颈鳞癌高中分化组与低分化组各参数值的差异,采用ROC曲线评价各参数值的诊断效能及最佳诊断阈值,并根据约登指数确定各参数相应的诊断敏感度、特异度。结果:宫颈鳞癌组MTR asym[(3.03±0.06)%]低于宫颈腺癌组[(3.12±0.05)%],平均ADC值、最小ADC值[(0.94±0.03)×10^-3 mm^2/s、(0.85±0.03)×10^-3 mm^2/s]低于宫颈腺癌组[(0.98±0.03)×10^-3 mm^2/s、(0.88±0.03)×10^-3 mm^2/s],差异均具有统计学意义(t=4.35、3.66、3.55,P值均<0.05);低分化宫颈鳞癌组MTR asym值[(3.08±0.03)%]高于高中分化鳞癌组[(3.00±0.05)%],平均ADC值、最小ADC值[(0.92±0.02)×10^-3 mm^2/s、(0.82±0.02)×10^-3 mm^2/s]低于高中分化鳞癌组[(0.95±0.03)×10^-3 mm^2/s、(0.86±0.02)×10^-3 mm^2/s],差异均具有统计学意义(t=5.37、2.55、4.08,P值均<0.05);在诊断宫颈鳞癌及低分化宫颈鳞癌时,MTR asym均有最佳诊断效能,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.865、0.932,以MTR asym=3.08%、3.06%为阈值,诊断敏感度分别为79.5%、85.2%,特异度分别为81.8%、83.3%。结论:与DWI相比,APT在诊断宫颈鳞癌并评估宫颈鳞癌分级中更具优势。     

DCE-MRI定量参数预测胰腺癌组织生物学特征的初步研究

目的:探讨DCE-MRI药代动力学参数术前无创性评估胰腺癌组织生物学状况的可行性。方法:21例经病理证实的胰腺癌患者术前均行胰腺DCE-MRI扫描,测量病灶的药代动力学参数K_trans、K_ep、V_e和V_p。采用独立样本t检验比较不同临床及病理状况时各项定量参数的差异。采用ROC曲线评估各项定量参数对胰腺癌不同组织生物学状况的诊断效能。结果:胰头区肿瘤的V_p高于体尾部(P=0.014);最大径>3 cm和Ⅱ~Ⅲ期胰腺癌的K_trans、K_ep分别高于最大径≤3 cm(P=0.036、0.026)及Ⅰ期胰腺癌(P=0.005、0.037);低分化胰腺癌的K_trans、K_ep和V_p均高于中~高分化胰腺癌(P=0.007、0.003和0.036),而V_e低于中~高分化胰腺癌(P<0.001);伴血管侵犯胰腺癌的K_trans、K_ep和V_p均高于不伴血管侵犯者(P=0.007、0.015和0.003);伴淋巴转移胰腺癌的K_trans、K_ep和V_e均高于不伴淋巴转移者(P=0.012、0.028和0.049)。K_trans和K_ep鉴别Ⅱ~Ⅲ期与Ⅰ期胰腺癌的AUC分别为0.931和0.812;K_trans、K_ep、V_e和V_p鉴别低分化与中~高分化胰腺癌的AUC分别为0.829、0.843、0.926和0.750;K_trans、K_ep和V_p评估胰腺癌有无血管侵犯的AUC分别为0.817、0.832和0.875;K_trans、K_ep和V_e评估胰腺癌有无淋巴转移的AUC分别为0.796、0.801和0.755。结论:胰腺癌DCE-MRI药代动力学参数能在术前无创性评估胰腺癌的组织生物学状况,有助于精准诊断及治疗。     

MR波谱成像对前列腺癌分化程度预估价值的初步研究

目的 初步探讨MRS检查的(胆碱+肌酸)/枸橼酸盐[(Cho+ Cr)/Cit,CC/C]值对前列腺癌分化程度及Gleason评分的预估作用.方法 回顾性分析行前列腺癌根治术后的5枚标本,将每枚标本按照MRS检查中最大横径兴趣层面剖开、取层,将层内每一兴趣区的CC/C值和病理切片的Gleason评分结果进行对照,通过绘制散点图及Spearman相关分析探讨二者的相关性,再根据CC/C值分别进行中高分化前列腺癌组(Gleason评分≤7分)及低分化癌组(Gleason评分＞7分)的ROC曲线下面积的假设检验,计算最佳诊断阈值(Cutoff值).结果 共取得有效病理诊断结果90个,其中有癌区70个,无癌区20个.MRS检查共得到CC/C值90个,以CC/C值＞0.86为确定癌标准,诊断前列腺癌区65个,与病理结果对照诊断正确区域59个;诊断无癌区25个,与病理结果对照诊断正确区域14个.经Spearman相关分析,CC/C值与对应区的Gleason评分呈正相关(r=0.746,P=0.000).中高分化前列腺癌组中,以ROC曲线下面积计算Cutoff值的假设检验无统计学意义(P＞0.05);低分化癌组中,以ROC曲线下面积确定CC/C值为0.948最佳诊断阈值,敏感性为81.4％,特异性为75.0％,经Spearman分析低分化癌组中的Gleason评分与CC/C值亦呈正相关(r=0.605,P=0.000),提示CC/C值与低分化前列腺癌的分化程度具有相关性,当CC/C值大于0.948多为低分化癌,Gleason评分多＞7分.结论 CC/C值与Gleason评分呈正相关,MRS检查可用于预估前列腺癌的分化程度.     

MR pharmacokinetic modeling of the patellar cartilage differentiates normal from pathological conditions

PURPOSE: To study the pharmacokinetic parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of the patellar cartilage under normal and pathological conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DCE-MRI was obtained in 22 cases. There were 17 patients with degenerative patellar conditions (eight with chondromalacia and nine with osteoarthritis) and five normal subjects. The cartilage pharmacokinetic parameters of K(trans) (vascular permeability), k(ep) (extraction ratio), upsilon(e) (extravascular extracellular space [EES] volume fraction), and upsilon(p) (intravascular space volume fraction) were extracted. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the different groups (normal cartilage, chondromalacia and osteoarthritis) for K(trans) and upsilon(e). K(trans) values were (mean +/- SD) 1.06 +/- 0.62, 11.97 +/- 8.91, and 21.21 +/- 16.03 mL x minute(-1) x 100 mL(-1) (P < 0.02), respectively; and upsilon(e) values were 0.71 +/- 0.69, 3.59 +/- 2.21, and 10.51 +/- 8.20% (P < 0.002). Reproducibility of the pharmacokinetic calculations was assessed with a second set of analyses of 10 random cases one week after the first analysis, showing a test-retest root mean square (RMS) coefficient of variation of 9.78% for K(trans) and 14.72% for upsilon(e). CONCLUSION: The vascular permeability and EES fraction of cartilage increases with the severity of the degeneration. Pharmacokinetic models allow to study the vascular properties of the cartilage and may have applications as a surrogate index in longitudinal studies to quantify the evolution of drug trials.