膝关节内侧副韧带薄层断面与MRI解剖及其诊断价值

目的研究膝关节内侧副韧带薄层断面表现及其正常和损伤的MRI表现。方法分析内侧副韧带薄层断面标本解剖特点,对120例正常膝关节内侧副韧带及25例损伤病例MRI表现进行回顾性分析。结果薄层断面清晰显示膝关节内侧副韧带解剖特点,MRI与薄层断面具有很好对应性。MRI能够对内侧副韧带损伤进行准确分级。结论薄层断面与MRI能够清晰显示内侧副韧带的解剖学特点。横轴位MRI分级评价对内侧副韧带损伤的诊断和治疗具有重要价值。     

膝关节韧带损伤的MRI表现及诊断价值

目的探讨膝关节韧带损伤的MRI表现及诊断价值。方法选取我院检查就诊的膝关节韧带损伤患者80例,患者均接受MRI检查,以关节镜检的结果作为对比标准及损伤情况的诊断符合率。结果 MRI对膝关节韧带损伤的诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为95.77%,89.65%,95.00%,97.06%,75.00%。MRI对后交叉韧带、外侧副韧带、前交叉韧带、内侧副韧带等损伤情况的诊断符合率分别为92.86%,95.45%,98.25%,90.48%。结论MRI检查膝关节韧带损伤可以清晰地显示出韧带损伤和骨挫伤部位。     

创伤性膝关节积脂血症的MRI诊断价值

目的:分析急性膝关节损伤积脂血症的MRI征象,评价MRI在急性膝关节损伤诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析42例膝关节积脂血症患者的MRI资料。结果:42例膝关节外伤患者均发现膝关节积脂血症,发生在左膝关节18例,右膝关节22例,双膝关节2例,均由急性外伤引起。可见单液-液平面25例,双液-液平面13例,混合异常信号4例。还发现合并创伤性半月板损伤、前后交叉韧带损伤、侧副韧带损伤、骨折及不同程度的骨损伤。结论:在急性膝关节损伤中,MRI能清楚地显示膝关节积脂血症,同时还能准确地显示创伤性半月板损伤、前后交叉韧带损伤、侧副韧带损伤及骨折、骨髓水肿等。     

膝关节损伤的MRI检查方法及诊断进展

膝关节是人体最复杂的关节之一 ,其发病率较高 ,临床上以膝关节损伤最为常见。自MRI应用于临床后 ,以其优越的多平面成像、软组织高对比度及高空间分辨率 ,使膝关节内部微细结构得以显示 ,尤其对半月板内部结构更具优越性 ,已成为膝关节损伤最常用的检查方法。本文就膝关节损伤的MRI检查方法与诊断进展情况综述如下。膝关节损伤的MRI检查方法要清晰地显示膝关节的解剖结构及组织损伤程度 ,MR成像序列及参数的选择是非常关键的。1.膝关节半月板退变和撕裂的MRI序列矢状面主要用来评价半月板的退变和撕裂 ,应用短回波时间能良好地显示半…     

膝关节交叉韧带低场强MRI表现及其损伤诊断

目的 :研究膝关节正常交叉韧带MRI特点和交叉韧带损伤的的MRI表现。方法 :对 2 0 0例正常膝关节交叉韧带的MRI进行回顾性分析 ,对 2 5例临床可疑交叉韧带损伤患者的MRI资料和关节镜检查行对比研究。结果 :正常膝关节矢状位MRI上显示交叉韧带最佳 ,冠状位和横断位作为补充 ,交叉韧带损伤的MRI表现为韧带连续性中断、局灶性或弥漫性肿胀、信号强度增高及断端移位 ;以关节镜检查结果为标准 ,MRI诊断交叉韧带损伤的敏感度为 91.3 % ,特异度为 91.6% ,符合率为 91.4%。结论 :MRI多方位扫描是一种准确诊断交叉韧带损伤的方法 ,矢状位显示交叉韧带最佳。     

膝关节损伤的MRI诊断价值

目的:分析膝关节急性损伤后的MRI表现,评价膝关节损伤后MRI的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析80例膝关节急性损伤(3月内)MRI表现.结果:在80例急性膝关节外伤患者中,同时发生半月板撕裂、韧带损伤和骨损伤三类复合性损伤者42例(52.5%),同时发生上述三类损伤中两者的共18例(22.5%),仅发生三类之一的20例(25.O%).结论:膝关节损伤常为复合性损伤,而MKI可清晰显示膝关节半月板、韧带及/或骨等多种损伤,是膝关节损伤后可信赖的非创伤性检查方法.     

膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的MRI诊断价值

目的:探讨MRI对膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的诊断价值。方法:对59例临床拟诊膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的病例进行了MRI检查,分析其MRI表现,并与30例正常膝关节进行对比研究。结果:59例中,临床确诊为内侧副韧带损伤43例;MRI诊断为内侧副韧带损伤的共有37例,其中Ⅰ级损伤9例,Ⅱ级损伤15例,Ⅲ级损伤13例。MRI诊断膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的敏感度与特异性分别为81.4%和87.5%;对于手术治疗的20例Ⅱ、Ⅲ级的病例,MRI诊断的敏感度达100%。结论:MRI能够准确判断膝关节内侧副韧带有无损伤和损伤的程度及并发症,是较为理想的非创伤性检查方法。     

低场磁共振GE序列在膝关节侧副韧带损伤诊断中的应用评价

目的：探讨损伤的膝关节侧副韧带在低场MRIGE序列中的表现。方法：对经手术或临床证实的48例共54条损伤的侧副韧带进行回顾性MRI对比观察。结果：54条侧副韧带损伤，单纯胫侧副韧带27条，单纯腓侧副韧带18条，两侧侧副韧带同时损伤10条。Ⅰ级侧副韧带损伤27条；Ⅱ级侧副韧带损伤17条；Ⅲ级侧副韧损伤10条。30例（62．5％）出现并发症，其中前交叉韧带损伤19条。后交叉韧带损伤14条，半月板损伤18个，骨挫伤及骨折11例，关节囊积液30例。结论：GE序列能缩短检查时间，清晰显示膝关节侧副韧带解剖结构，准确诊断侧副韧带损伤并能进行分级，发现多种并发症，宜列为膝关节外伤的常规扫描序列。     

X线与MRI对膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的表现分析

目的探讨膝关节内侧副韧带(MCL)损伤的X线与MRI表现。资料与方法回顾性分析32例临床手术证实的膝关节内侧副韧带损伤患者的双膝关节应力位X线片及MRI影像表现,总结其特征性,分析两者在诊断分级上的差异。结果 32例内侧副韧带损伤的患者中,X线诊断Ⅰ级损伤15例,Ⅱ级损伤8例,Ⅲ级损伤9例。MRI诊断Ⅰ级损伤11例,Ⅱ级损伤12例,Ⅲ级损伤9例。结论 MRI能够较清晰显示内侧副韧带的解剖学特点,膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的X线与MRI分级基本符合,可为临床诊断提供重要信息。     

膝关节韧带损伤的MRI诊断

目的：分析膝关节韧带损伤的MRI表现及诊断价值。资料与方法：回顾性分析22例经手术或关节镜检查证实的膝关节韧带损伤的MRI资料。结果：22例膝关节损伤患者中，共有37条韧带损伤，MRI检出其中的34条，其敏感性为91．9％，准确性为95．5％。交叉韧带损伤的MRI表现为韧带连续性中断，局灶或弥漫性肿胀，信号强度增加及断端移位。侧副韧带损伤的MRI表现为韧带连续性中断和／或韧带肿胀增粗，信号升高。结论：MRI是诊断膝关节韧带损伤的理想的非创伤性检查方法。     

Application of MR imaging for internal derangement of the knee (orthopedic surgeon' view)

Magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive imaging modality with clear contrast and superior spatial resolution. These characteristics are especially useful for detecting pathology of the soft tissue of the knee joint, such as the menisci, ligaments and articular cartilage, which are difficult to diagnose using plain X-ray examination. MRI has become one of the first choice diagnostic modalities for the internal derangement of the knee joint, and is generally replacing some invasive arthrographic or arthroscopic examination. Pathology of the articular cartilage cannot yet be depicted clearly by MRI. We expect further development of the spatial resolution of MRI to make possible the detection of chondral lesions more clearly and precisely in the near future.     

MRT des Kniegelenks

Since its introduction into clinical use, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become well established in the diagnosis of injuries of the knee joint and has replaced diagnostic arthroscopy as the primary evaluation method. Traumatic lesions of the ligaments, menisci, and articular surfaces are common injuries that can be confidently detected using MRI. This article reviews the basic principles of the examination technique of the knee, the normal MRI anatomy of the internal joint structures, and the typical findings in injuries of the cruciate ligaments, collateral ligaments, and mensci, in traumatic dislocation of the patella, and in acute osteochondral lesions.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of the ligaments and menisci of the knee

Although the technique is still developing and the data are preliminary, MRI will likely be the best noninvasive method for evaluating the ligaments and menisci of the knee. It can provide valuable and accurate information, especially in the acutely injured knee. The presence, extent, and exact location of cruciate ligament disruption can be visualized. This is useful in patients in whom the clinical diagnosis is uncertain and provides valuable information in preoperative planning. Equally important is the ability of MRI to provide diagnostic information about associated injuries to the collateral ligaments, capsule, menisci, articular cartilage, and subchondral bone. Proper pulse sequence selection is important. T2-weighted spin-echo sequences are best for visualizing injuries to the ligaments and menisci, and T1-weighted sequences (inversion-recovery or spin-echo with a short TR and a short TE) are more helpful in evaluating cartilaginous and bony abnormalities.     

Imaging of the postoperative knee: normal and pathologic findings

Surgical management of lesions of the knee has exponentially increased over the last several years. MRI plays a major role in postoperative follow-up and evaluation of patients with residual symptoms. Familiarity with the different surgical procedures and potential complications and knowledge of normal and abnormal postoperative MRI findings are essential for evaluation of the postoperative knee. The main purpose of this article is to review the postoperative imaging features of ligaments, menisci and cartilage of the knee joint since these MRI features may lead the surgeon to consider repeat surgery.     

膝关节韧带损伤的MRI诊断

目的 评价MRI对膝关节韧带损伤的诊断价值。资料与方法 66例共70个膝关节，采用膝关节专用正交线圈。SE序列。T1WI，T2WI，行冠状位和矢状位扫描。结果 70个膝关节累及73侧侧副韧带。26例十字交叉韧带，根据韧带损伤程度和MRI表现分为轻，中，重3度。结论 MR能准确诊断膝关节韧带损伤，并能发现诸多并发症，是膝关节韧带损伤最佳的检查手段之一。     

Magnetic resonance imaging of knee hyaline cartilage and intraarticular pathology

Injuries to the hyaline cartilage of the knee joint are difficult to diagnose without invasive techniques. Even though these defects may be the most important prognostic factors in assessing knee joint injury, they are usually not diagnosed until arthrotomy or arthroscopy. Once injuries to hyaline cartilage are found and/or treated, no technique exists to follow these over time. Plain radiographs, arthrograms, and even computed tomography fail to detail most hyaline cartilage defects. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate five fresh frozen cadaver limbs and 10 patients whose pathology was known from arthrotomy or arthroscopic examination. Using a 0.35 Tesla superconducting magnet and spin-echo imaging technique with a head coil, we found that intraarticular fluid or air helped to delineate hyaline cartilage pathology. The multiplane capability of MRI proved to be excellent in detailing small (3 mm or more) defects on the femoral condyles and patellar surface. Cruciate ligaments were best visualized on sagittal oblique projections while meniscal pathology was best seen on true sagittal and coronal projections. MRI shows great promise in providing a noninvasive technique of evaluating hyaline cartilage defects, their response to treatment, and detailed anatomical information about cruciate ligaments and menisci.     

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cruciate Ligament Injuries of the Knee

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are important stabilizers of the knee. These ligaments are commonly injured in sports and motor vehicle accidents. An accurate diagnosis of cruciate ligament injuries is vital in patient care. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can diagnose cruciate ligament injuries with high accuracy. The imaging diagnosis should be based on primary signs, although the secondary signs are sometimes useful, particularly in chronic cases. The detection of associated injuries of other structures of the knee, including menisci, collateral ligaments, cartilage, and bone, are also important. Accurate interpretation of the MRI examination requires a meticulous MRI technique, knowledge of the imaging anatomy, and understanding of the lesion appearance. This pictorial essay reviews the MRI appearance of normal and injured cruciate ligaments. Mechanisms of injury, primary and secondary MRI signs, and associated abnormalities are discussed.     

膝关节后内侧结构生物力学意义及损伤的MRI表现

目的:分析膝关节后内侧结构的解剖、生物力学特点及临床意义;阐述膝关节后内侧结构的MRI正常及损伤后表现;进行后内侧结构损伤MRl分级.方法:回顾分析87例后内侧结构、以及其他相关损伤的MRI所见.结果:本组87例后内侧结构损伤,Ⅰ级损伤29例,Ⅱ级47例,Ⅲ级11例;合并交叉韧带损伤34例(39%),内侧半月板后角撕裂...     

Degenerative joint disease on MRI and physical activity: a clinical study of the knee joint in 320 patients

We examined 320 patients with MRI and arthroscopy after an acute trauma to evaluate MRI in diagnosis of degenerative joint disease of the knee in relation to sports activity and clinical data. Lesions of cartilage and menisci on MRI were registered by two radiologists in consensus without knowledge of arthroscopy. Arthroscopy demonstrated grade-1 to grade-4 lesions of cartilage on 729 of 1920 joint surfaces of 320 knees, and MRI diagnosed 14 % of grade-1, 32 % of grade-2, 94 % of grade-3, and 100 % of grade-4 lesions. Arthroscopy explored 1280 meniscal areas and showed degenerations in 10 %, tears in 11.4 %, and complex lesions in 9.2 %. Magnetic resonance imaging was in agreement with arthroscopy in 81 % showing more degenerations but less tears of menisci than arthroscopy. Using a global system for grading the total damage of the knee joint into none, mild, moderate, or severe changes, agreement between arthroscopy and MRI was found in 82 %. Magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy showed coherently that degree of degenerative joint changes was significantly correlated to patient age or previous knee trauma. Patients over 40 years had moderate to severe changes on MRI in 45 % and patients under 30 years in only 22 %. Knee joints with a history of trauma without complete structural or functional reconstitution showed marked changes on MRI in 57 %, whereas stable joints without such alterations had degenerative changes in only 26 %. There was no correlation of degenerative disease to gender, weight, type, frequency, and intensity of sports activity. Therefore, MRI is an effective non-invasive imaging method for exact localization and quantification of chronic joint changes of cartilage and menisci that recommends MRI for monitoring in sports medicine. Received: 28 July 1997; Revision received: 9 February 1998; Accepted: 20 March 1998     

Moving knee joint: technique for kinematic MR imaging

A system for magnetic resonance imaging of the knee joint during movement was developed by using a gating system and cine acquisition. The technique was used in 10 subjects: five with no history of knee pain or injury and five with tears of the anterior cruciate ligament. The normal ligaments and menisci appeared as low-intensity structures against intermediate-intensity hyaline cartilage. The ligament tears appeared discontinuous and faint against the background of the to-and-fro moving joint fluid.