新兵训练前后心身性皮肤病发病情况比较

2002年12月- 2003年3月,我们对某部820名新兵,分别在新兵训练前、训练后心身性皮肤病发病情况进行了调查分析,现报告如下.     

某部新兵心身性皮肤病发病情况调查

目的:调查部队新兵训练前后心身性皮肤病发病情况,并提出防治措施。方法:对某部新兵553例心身性皮肤病发病情况进行流行病学调查。结果:新兵训练后心身性皮肤病发病率明显高于训练前;训练前后比较,痤疮、神经性皮炎发病率差异非常显著(P<0.01),斑秃差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:新兵训练期间要加强心身性皮肤病的心理疏导和防治。     

亚热带山岳丛林地区新兵训练伤调查分析

目的 分析亚热带山岳丛林地区新兵训练伤的原因、伤情和受伤部位.方法 采用巡诊方式和医院门诊,对某部2010年入伍的新兵在入伍训练期间88例训练伤的伤情、受伤部位和受伤病因进行统计分析.结果 门诊治疗70例(79.5%),住院治疗18例(20.5%),均治愈归队.结论 加强与军训部门的合作与互相监督,了解亚热带山岳丛林地区新兵训练伤特点,严格管理、重点防护、科学训练,是减少和防止新兵训练伤的关键.     

亚热带地区新兵训练前后5项血清酶测定调查分析

亚热带地区武警部队新兵训练期间的体能消耗较大 ,适应期较长。作者欲了解新兵训练前后血清酶的变化关系 ,对血清谷丙转氨酶 (ＡＬＴ)、谷草转氨酶 (ＡＳＴ)、乳酸脱氢酶(ＬＤＨ)、转肽酶 (ＧＧＴ)和碱性磷酸酶 (ＡＬＰ)进行了训练前后跟踪测定。1　研究对象和方法1 1　研究对象　对驻海口市区武警部队某新兵训练基地的2 0 0 0年度入伍新兵 ,随机抽样 180名。这批新兵来自河北、浙江和海南 ,年龄 17～ 2 2岁 ,平均 19岁。入伍后复查身体及肝功均正常 ,无慢性疾病史。1 2　训练情况　训练期间为 2 0 0 0年 12月～ 2 0 0 1年 2月 ,平均气温为 …     

高原新兵集训致阑尾炎高发临床分析

目的：分析高原新兵集训期间高发阑尾炎的特点、发病原因、治疗及预后，并提出预防新兵集训期阑尾炎的可行性建议。方法：采集2004～2007年新兵训练期间收治的新兵急性阑尾炎病189例，进行回顾性分析。结果：本组189例新兵集训期阑尾炎，均经急诊手术或择期手术治愈，有并发症者经保守治疗或再次手术的治疗而痊愈。结论：集训新兵在高原缺氧环境下，由于高强度训练及训练时间安排不合理，导致胃肠道功能紊乱，加上饮食习惯改变、诊治不及时，使集训新兵急性阑尾炎呈现高发及病情急、病情重的特点。可通过高原科学适应性训练、逐步改变饮食习惯，及时诊治等措施，减少集训新兵急性阑尾炎的发病。     

新兵心理健康调查与调理

新兵入伍是军队战斗力兴旺的基础。新兵到部队后,在进入新兵教育和训练时,部分新兵因环境、生活、工作性质的改变,会出现不同程度的心理问题或心理障碍,从而影响部队新兵训练和教育的质量。近年来,我们对某部458名新兵的心理健康状况与训练情况进行了调查分析,有针对性的做好新     

对某部新兵皮肤病和足病的调查分析

目的 :调查部队新兵训练前、后皮肤病和足病的流行病学特点 ,提出防治措施。方法 :对 937名男性新兵进行体检及问卷调查。结果 :训练后发生皮肤病 2 8种 ,共 36 6例 (39 1% )。训练前有足病 12种 ,共2 82例 (30 1% ) ;训练后有足病 17种 ,共 4 75例 (5 0 7% )。训练前、后足病的发病率比较 ,差异非常显著 (P<0 0 1)。结论 :新兵训练期间痤疮、冻疮、足癣及与训练相关的足病发病率显著升高 ,应加强防治     

高原新兵集训期训练伤调查分析

目的　了解高原地区集训期新兵训练伤的发生情况 ,研究集训期新兵训练伤的防治措施。方法　连续 3年对驻西藏海拔 30 0 0～ 330 0m地区新兵集训期间军事训练损伤情况进行调查 ,对训练伤的发生、分布、损伤发生率、损伤部位、损伤类型、致伤科目、致伤因素等结合高原地区特点进行分析。结果　集训期新兵训练伤发生率较高 ,受伤部位以四肢为主 ,软组织损伤最多。结论　科学训练、合理安排、提高新兵个人素质、改善训练场地设施 ,是减少训练伤发生的关键措施     

新兵训练对女兵月经的影响

目的 探讨新兵训练对女性月经的影响。方法参加新兵入伍训练的82名女兵，分别记录其训练前、训练中、训练结束后1年内的月经状况，同时进行心理评估，并与20名未参加训练的新兵进行比较。结果参训新兵的月经异常率高于对照组，具有差异性（P〈0．05），且经期参加日常训练的女兵异常率更高（P〈0．05）。训练结束后月经异常率能够明显降低（P〈0．01）。训练期间部分女兵出现心理障碍，心理障碍率亦高于对照组，具有显著差异性（P〈0．01）结论新兵训练对女性月经有影响，其影响是功能性的、可逆性的，且原因是多方面的。     

新兵训练对女性月经的影响

目的探讨新兵训练对女性月经的影响。方法女性新兵200名,参加队列和体能训练3个月,分别记录训练前、训练中、训练后的月经、体质量状况及心理评估。结果新兵训练中的月经周期异常率、经期异常率和痛经发生率均明显高于新兵训练前,体质量明显减轻,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。新兵训练结束转入正常部队生活1年后,月经周期异常率、经期异常率、痛经发生率均有明显下降(P<0.05)。结论新兵训练对女性月经有明显影响,其影响是功能性、暂时性和可逆性的,并非器质性损害。     

寒区集训新兵睡眠质量影响因素研究

目的探讨寒区新兵睡眠质量的影响因素。方法以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQ I)测试寒区集训期新兵1 000人并分析其影响因素。结果(1)有效问卷892份,吸烟、饮酒者PSQ I及除催眠药物使用外的其他各项因子分高于无烟酒饮用习惯者。(2)县城来源新兵入睡时间明显高于省城来源新兵,乡镇来源新兵PSQ I及多项因子分低于省城和县城来源新兵。(3)回归分析显示:寒区新兵睡眠质量的主要影响因素依次为吸烟、饮酒及家庭住址。结论寒区新兵睡眠质量的影响因素为吸烟、饮酒及家庭住址。     

武警新兵团体心理咨询体会

 目的 探讨在武警新兵中开展团体心理咨询的方法和经验.方法 对自愿参加团体心理咨询的108名新兵进行培训,对团体辅导前后新兵的主观感受和部队干部的观察及整个活动进行回顾性总结.结果 90.7%～97%新兵认为自我评价团体咨询有效.新兵班长的效果评价认为80.3%～84.2%的心理咨询有效.结论 团体心理咨询对解决新兵的适应问题、人际关系问题、学习问题、自我意识问题效果显著,是提高新兵心理健康的一种经济而有效的方法.     

促进新兵体能素质发展的实验研究

 目的研究发展新兵体能素质的有效方法,优化武警部队新兵体能训练方案.方法400名武警健康男性新兵随机分为对照组和实验组,实验组实施干预训练方案,对照组按部队现行方案组织训练.经8周训练后,对14项身体素质指标进行训练前后和组间的对比分析.结果实施干预训练8周后,7项力量素质测试指标实验组有6项显著高于对照组;3项耐力跑成绩实验组的提高幅度均大于对照组;5项体能素质的分级比较,实验组的优良率显著高于对照组.结论采用干预训练方案能够有效发展新兵的体能素质,训练效果优于部队现行训练方案.     

Risk factors for training injuries among British Army recruits

This study aimed to identify risk factors for training injuries resulting in referral to a remedial instructor (RI) or medical discharge (MD) among British Army recruits undertaking initial training. Physical performance and anthropometric data for 11,937 male and 1,480 female recruits were examined as potential risk factors for RI referral and MD, using Cox regression. There was a trend showing that female recruits' MD rates were higher than male recruits' rates (p = 0.096), and RI referral rates were significantly greater for women than for men (p = 0.041). The independent risk factors for MD were 2.4-km run time, ethnicity, and Army training regiment attended (p < 0.001), and those for RI referral were 2.4-km run time, ethnicity, Army training regiment attended, and body mass index (p < 0.001). Gender was not an independent risk factor for injury, suggesting that lower levels of aerobic fitness are the primary cause of the greater incidence of injury among female recruits during British Army initial training.     

武警某部2020年度新兵训练伤流行病学调查与分析

目的 探讨武警某部新兵军事训练伤的特点,为训练伤防控提供科学指导.方法 随机抽取武警某部2020年6个新训点4150名新兵,进行军事训练伤的发生情况问卷调查,并分析新训阶段训练伤的发生率、伤病类别等.另非随机性地选择了680名新兵进行了骨密度测定(中指骨),其中已发生训练伤340例,未发生训练伤340例.本次调查均获得...     

Gender and trauma as predictors of military attrition: a study of Marine Corps recruits

Recent studies have shown high rates of premilitary trauma exposure among U.S. military enlistees. Given the association of trauma with later stressor vulnerability, it is important to examine the role of premilitary stress and trauma in adaptation to the stress of recruit training. U.S. Marine Corps recruits (N = 1,530) were surveyed for premilitary histories of interpersonal trauma to examine the relationship between premilitary trauma and attrition from recruit training. The majority of the recruits (47.5% of men and 68.1% of women) reported experiencing at least one interpersonal trauma before entering the Marine Corps. Individuals with a history of interpersonal trauma were at significantly greater risk for attrition; they were 1.5 times more likely to drop out of recruit training than were individuals without a trauma history. These findings suggest that developing interventions to bolster recruits' coping skills may improve adaptation to the recruit training environment and thus decrease attrition.     

8周基础军训对低体重入伍新兵的血清脂联素水平的影响

 目的 探讨8周基础军训(basic military training, BMT)对低体重新兵(BMI<18.5 kg/m²)的血清总脂联素、高分子量 (high molecular weight, HMW)脂联素及HMW脂联素与总脂联素之比(以下简称HMW/Total)的影响。方法 BMT的内容主要包括军事训练及体能训练。从2016年新疆某部队应征入伍的300名男性新兵中,抽取了24名低体重新兵,分别在8周BMT前、后测定并记录受试者的身高、体重、腰围、臀围、BMI和腰臀比;采用12 min跑的方法测定其最大摄氧量(maximal oxygen consumption,VO₂max);采用酶免法测定其血清总脂联素及HMW脂联素水平。结果 经过8周的BMT,BMI、VO₂max均显著增加(P<0.01);血清总脂联素、血清HMW脂联素水平与BMT前比较,差异无统计学意义;HMW/Total显著提高(0.44±0.15 vs 0.53±0.16),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 8周BMT可以显著提高低体重入伍新兵血清HMW脂联素在血清总脂联素中所占的比例。     

Prevention of common overuse injuries by the use of shock absorbing insoles. A prospective study

Sedentary individuals, particularly new military recruits, who start a physical training program have a substantial risk of developing an overuse injury of the lower limb. In this study we investigated the effect of neoprene insoles on the incidence of overuse injuries during 9 weeks of basic military training. The experimental group consisted of 237 randomly selected new recruits, while 1151 recruits were the control group. Insoles were given to the experimental group and compliance was monitored. A panel of doctors documented and classified all injuries occurring during the 9 week period. A total of 54 (22.8%) and 237 (31.9%) injuries were reported in the experimental and control groups, respectively. In both groups, the majority of injuries were overuse (experimental group, 90.7%; control group, 86.4%). The mean weekly incidence of total overuse injuries and tibial stress syndrome was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in the experimental group. The mean incidence of stress fractures was lower in the experimental group but not significantly so (0.05 less than P less than 0.1). This study shows that the incidence of total overuse injuries and tibial stress syndrome during 9 weeks of basic military training can be reduced by wearing insoles.     

The effect of leg strength on the incidence of lower extremity overuse injuries during military training

This study examined the effects of strength, aerobic fitness, and activity profile on the incidence of overuse injuries, particularly stress fractures, during military training. A total of 136 military recruits were followed during 9 weeks of basic training. Maximal strength and aerobic fitness were determined by a one-repetition maximum leg press and a 2,000-m run, respectively. An activity profile was determined by the recruit's activity history. Twelve recruits (8.8%) were diagnosed with stress fractures. Recruits who were 1 SD below the population mean in both absolute (98.4 +/- 36.6 kg) and relative strength (1.72 +/- 0.61 kg/kg of body weight) had a five times greater risk for stress fracture (p < 0.05) than stronger recruits. Poor aerobic fitness did not appear to be related to any increased incidence of stress fracture. It appears that recruits with lower body strength levels, within 1 SD of the population mean, have a reduced incidence of stress fractures during military training.     

新兵入伍训练阶段军事训练伤的流行病学特点

为调查分析步兵按照新的陆军军事训练与考核大纲进行训练过程中军训伤发生的流行病学特点，明确其致伤原因，选取陆军及武装警察部队（仍采用旧大纲）某部参加2002年度入伍训练的3428名新兵，统一进行流行病学调查。结果发现，陆军和武装警察部队军训伤发生率分别为27．21％和33．72％，陆军显著低高于武装警察部队（P＜0．01），两组军训伤发生的时间高峰相近；训练伤以下肢为多；急性创伤性损伤与过劳性损伤的发生与受训部位明显相关。说明采用新的《军事训练与考核大纲》后，新兵入伍训练阶段军训伤的发生率明显下降。