四项检测指标对类风湿关节炎的临床诊断价值

目的探讨抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体、类风湿因子(RF)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和红细胞沉降率(ESR)检测对类风湿关节炎的临床诊断价值。方法检测75例类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者、45例非RA的风湿病患者和30例健康体检者的血清hs-CRP、ESR、抗CCP抗体和RF水平;比较抗CCP抗体和RF敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预示值;测定RA患者的实验室指标。结果RA组和非RA组抗CCP抗体、RF、hs-CRP、ESR明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01);RA组抗CCP抗体和RF水平均高于非RA组(P<0.05),而RA组的hs-CRP和ESR水平与非RA组无明显差异(P>0.05);两者联合检测的特异性和阳性预测值均明显高于单独检测(P<0.05);抗CCP抗体阳性的RA患者CRP、ESR均高于阴性者(P<0.05)。结论 联合检测抗CCP抗体和RF有利于提高RA检测的特异性,对RA的早期诊断有意义;抗CCP抗体对疾病活动的判断有重要意义。     

抗环瓜胺酸肽抗体和葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶抗原在类风湿性关节炎中的意义

目的探讨抗环瓜胺酸肽抗体（cyclic citrullinatedpeptide,CCP）和葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶抗原（glucose-6-phosphate isomerase,GPI）在类风湿性关节炎中的意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）间接法检测90例RA患者血液中的CCP抗体,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）同样检测90例RA患者血液中的GPI。结果在GPI组Ⅳ期的RA阳性率明显高于Ⅰ期及Ⅱ期～Ⅲ期患者（P〈0.05）,有统计学意义。CCP组在Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期～Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期无统计学意义。GPI在ESR〉100组的阳性率显著高于ESR〈40和40≤ESR≤100组（χ^2=10.045,P=0.007）;抗CCP在各组的阳性率无显著性差异（χ^2=4.432,P=0.109）。结论抗CCP抗体和GPI抗原在RA的诊断中都有重要意义。抗CCP抗体在RA的早期诊断和骨侵蚀方面更有价值,而GPI抗原特异性高于抗CCP抗体和RF,同时,它还能反映关节的炎症程度及RA的活动性。     

肝脾失调型早期类风湿关节炎影像学征象与RANK/RANKL/OPG系统相关性研究

目的 :探讨肝脾失调型早期类风湿关节炎(RA)影像学征象与细胞核因子κB受体活化因子(RANK)/细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配基(RANKL)/护骨素(OPG)系统的相关性,寻找一种更完善的识别早期RA骨破坏的预警指标。方法:将符合诊断标准的90例RA早期患者进行辨证分型,分别行双手/腕和双下肢前后位平片影像学检查,并进行分期及影像学评估。按其骨侵蚀程度分为骨侵蚀组和非骨侵蚀组,观察2组中医症候量化与28个关节疾病活动度(DAS28)评分、实验室指标与影像学征象,并进行统计学分析。结果:非骨侵蚀组占70.0%(63/90),骨侵蚀组占30.0%(27/90)。骨侵蚀组Sharp总评分为(3.5±5.6)分,关节狭窄评分为(14.0±7.3)分,关节侵蚀评分为(17.5±6.5)分。骨侵蚀组Sharp评分与风湿指标、骨代谢指标均有明显相关性(均P0.05),尤其是与RANKL、OPG明显相关(均P0.01);与TRAP显著相关(均P0.05);与抗CCP抗体明显相关(均P0.01)。结论:RA发病早期,肝脾失调的功能表现大多早于关节局部症状,且RANKL、OPG、RANKL/OPG、TRAP、抗CCP抗体水平比其影像学变化能够更早预示RA出现骨质破坏的可能,抗体水平越高,预示将来进展性骨质破坏可能愈严重。     

血清软骨寡聚基质蛋白对类风湿关节炎的诊断价值

 目的 探讨血清软骨寡聚基质蛋白(Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein,COMP)对类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的诊断价值。方法 选取82例RA患者和34例健康对照人群,分为RA组和健康组。对类风湿关节炎患者,根据临床表现、实验室检查分为活动期组和缓解期组;根据放射学改变分为骨质破坏组和骨质未破坏组,并与抗环瓜氨酸抗体(抗CCP抗体)水平进行比较,评价COMP和抗CCP抗体在RA中的诊断作用,绘制ROC曲线,计算其各自的曲线下面积(AUC)、灵敏度、特异度。健康对照组检测指标同RA患者。结果 RA患者血清COMP水平显著高于健康对照人群(P<0.05),活动期组COMP水平显著高于缓解期组(P<0.05),骨质破坏组COMP水平高于骨质未破坏组(P=0.0156);当COMP和抗CCP抗体各自以21.51 ng/ml和34.76 RU/ml为最佳截断值来区分RA患者和健康人群时,COMP的AUC(0.864)、灵敏度(0.817)、特异度(0.882)均高于抗CCP抗体的AUC(0.764)、灵敏度(0.610)、特异度(0.824)。结论 COMP 作为软骨破坏的一种生物标记物,可以用来鉴别RA患者和健康人。     

抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体在银屑病关节炎患者中的检测及意义

目的 研究抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体在银屑病关节炎(PsA)患者中的临床意义,探讨抗CCP抗体与PsA患者伴发关节炎、骨侵蚀破坏的关系及判断预后的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法,分别检测56例PsA患者血清的抗CCP 抗体水平,分析比较抗CCP 抗体与患者临床特征的关系.结果 抗CCP抗体在PsA患者中的阳性率为12.5%(7/56).抗CCP抗体在PsA五种临床分型中的阳性率分别为7.1%、21.4%、0%、0%、0%,抗CCP抗体阳性率在对称性多关节炎型PsA中明显高于其他四种PsA(P＜0.05).抗CCP抗体阳性与阴性PsA患者临床及其他实验室指标比较结果显示:抗CCP抗体阳性组外周关节肿胀数、腕关节受累比例及红细胞沉降率(ESR)均高于抗CCP阴性组(P＜0.05);在发病年龄、关节炎病程、阳性家族史、肘关节受累、腊肠指(趾)、腰骶痛和C反应蛋白(CRP)之间比较,差异无统计学意义.结论 12.5%的PsA患者体内存在抗CCP抗体;抗CCP抗体的出现与PsA患者多发性关节炎和骨侵蚀密切相关,对判断PsA关节炎的预后具有重要的临床价值.     

抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体与类风湿因子、C-反应蛋白联合检测对类风湿关节炎早期诊断的价值

 类风湿关节炎( rheumatoid arthritis, RA)是一种病因未明的慢性全身性炎性反应性疾病,我国患病率为0.41%。目前临床实验室检测类风湿疾病,最常见的方法是检测血清中类风湿因子(RF)。RF是以变性的IgG、Fc段为靶抗原的自身抗体(主要为IgM类抗体),虽然敏感性高,但特异性较差,给临床诊断带来一定的困难。C-反应蛋白（CRP）是肝脏合成的一种免疫调节因子,参与RA的发生与发展,能够作为类风湿关节炎诊断和治疗的一个参考指标。抗CCP抗体在RA早期即可出现,诊断RA的特异性好于RF、CRP,在发病前10余年就能被检出。本研究通过检测我院2010-01至2011-01确诊为RA患者108例抗CCP抗体、RF、CRP水平,并与非RA组102例进行比较,旨在探讨三项指标联合检测在RA诊断中的价值。     

血清葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶在类风湿关节炎疾病活动及骨侵蚀中的作用

 

目的 探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者血清中葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶(GPI)与疾病活动的关系及其在骨侵蚀中的作用。方法 选择2019-08至2021-02在山西省汾阳医院风湿免疫科就诊的RA患者105例,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清GPI值,根据GPI滴度分为GPI阳性组和GPI阴性组,比较两组患者临床资料、实验室指标,如关节肿胀数(SJC)、关节压痛数(TJC)、抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体、类风湿因子(RF)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)等,计算28个关节计数法疾病活动度评分即DAS28评分;同时完善影像学检查,包括双手X线正位片和骨密度,计算Sharp评分。给予所有患者规范治疗并定期随访,在治疗3、6、9、12个月后评估疾病活动度,记录DAS28评分,于治疗1年后复查双手正位片和骨密度。结果 GPI阳性组SJC[5.00(4.00, 6.00)]、TJC[6.00(5.00, 8.75)]、ESR[(58.70±23.40) mm/h)]、CRP[21.82(13.55, 31.90) mg/L]、 DAS28评分(5.44±0.69)高于GPI阴性组[4.00(3.00, 5.00)、 5.00(5.00, 7.00)、(48.72±19.87) mm/h、14.37(6.49, 26.56) mg/L、(5.05±0.50)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清GPI水平与SJC(r=0.317, P=0.046)、TJC(r=0.389, P=0.013)、ESR(r=0.331, P=0.037)、CRP(r=0.324, P=0.042)、DAS28评分(r=0.404, P=0.010)呈正相关。治疗3个月后GPI阳性组DAS28评分(3.27±0.68) 高于GPI阴性组(3.00±0.58),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组RA患者治疗前及治疗1年后Sharp评分、骨密度差异均无统计学意义。结论 GPI可作为反映RA疾病活动度的一项指标,可能具有评估预后的作用,对骨侵蚀无预测价值。

     

类风湿性关节炎腕关节病变的影像学分析:X线、CT和MR影像对比观察

目的　比较观察X线平片、CT和MRI在检查类风湿性关节炎 (RA)患者早期腕关节病变中的作用。方法　选取 2 5例RA患者 ,其中女 2 0例 ,男 5例 ,年龄为 2 8～ 70岁 ,平均 4 5 .36岁。临床诊断符合 1987年美国纽约类风湿协会修订的RA诊断标准。为比较观察X线平片、CT和MRI在RA早期诊断中的作用 ,左、右腕分别行CT和MR冠状面扫描。MR成像仪的场强为 0 .3T。扫描时先行平扫 ,扫描序列分别为SET1WI和梯度回波重T2 WI(T2 WI)。然后行增强T1WI作进一步检查。结果　 2 5例临床诊断为RA患者的 5 0个腕关节中 ,X线显示骨侵蚀病变者有 14个腕关节 ,MRI检出骨侵蚀病变者有 5 0个腕关节 ;2 5例中行CT检查者有 16例 32个腕关节 ,其中 2 2个腕关节有骨侵蚀病变。MRI共检出 16 4处腕骨的骨侵蚀病灶 ,而X线平片仅检出 2 1处腕骨骨侵蚀病灶 ,CT检出 6 8处骨侵蚀病灶。月骨是最易受累的部位 ,其X线、CT和MR的检出率分别为 6 .0 %、2 8.1%和5 4 .0 %。在类风湿关节炎骨质侵蚀病变的检出上 ,3种检查方法之间经两两比较分析 ,差异均有非常显著性意义 (P值均 <0 .0 1)。MRI不仅可显示RA早期CT和X线所不能显示的腕部骨质侵蚀改变 ,还可显示滑膜炎性及水肿改变 ,增强MRI可鉴别血管翳与关节积液。结论　在检查RA患者早期腕关节病变方     

抗CCP抗体与RF联合检测诊断类风湿关节炎的意义

目的探讨抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体（抗CCP抗体）与类风湿因子（RF）联合检测诊断类风湿关节炎（RA）的意义。方法用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测抗CCP抗体,胶乳增强免疫比浊法定量检测RF。结果155例RA患者抗CCP抗体阳性104例,阳性率67．1％。RF阳性109例,阳性率70．3％;126例非RA患者抗CCP抗体阳性6例,阳性率4．76％,RF阳性35例,阳性率27．8％;抗CCP抗体对RA诊断的敏感性为66．6％,特异性为94．8％;RF对RA诊断的敏感性为70．3％,特异性为70．8％;抗CCP抗体或RF某一项阳性时对RA诊断的敏感性为82．6％,特异性为75.3％;抗CCP抗体和RF联合检测时对RA诊断的敏感性为75．1％,特异性为99．1％。抗CCP抗体对RA诊断的敏感性低于RF,两者比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0．317,P〉0．05）;但特异性高于RF,两者比较差异具有统计学意义（χ2=20．22,P〈0．01）。结论用ELISA法检测抗CCP抗体,操作简单,不需要特殊设备,和RF检测一样对RA诊断均具有较好的敏感性和特异性,但抗CCP抗体的检测对RA的诊断更具有高度的特异性,两者联合检测可提高RA诊断的准确性。     

检测抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体在类风湿关节炎临床诊断中的应用

目的探讨抗环瓜氨酸肽（ACCP）抗体及类风湿因子（RF）联合检测对类风湿关节炎（RA）诊断应用。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测抗CCP抗体。结果抗ACCP抗体的敏感度为42.5%,RF为67.8%。RF高于抗ACCP抗体,抗ACCP抗体的特异度为97.4%,RF为78.7%。抗ACCP抗体明显高于RF。在RA诊断预测中,抗ACCP抗体明显优于RF。结论两项指标联合检测可以显著提高RA诊断的特异性和预测性,有利于RA的早期诊断及治疗,可作为诊断RA的理想血清学指标。     

MRI for diagnosis and monitoring of patients with eosinophilic fasciitis

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe MRI findings in patients with eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) and to correlate clinical and laboratory findings with the MRI findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with histologically proven EF underwent MRI at the time of diagnosis and after therapy (15 MRI examinations). Unenhanced T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and STIR sequences were performed using a 1.5-T MRI system. In addition, all patients were imaged with contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences. MRI findings, clinical findings, and laboratory parameters were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: At the time the six patients presented, all eight MRI examinations revealed symmetric thickening and hyperintensity of the superficial muscle fasciae of the thigh, calves, or arms on unenhanced T1-weighted, T2-weighted, or STIR sequences, with strong enhancement after administration of IV contrast agent. In seven of the eight MRI examinations, similar signal changes were also present in the deep muscle fasciae. After treatment, the fascial abnormalities found on MRI disappeared on six of eight MRI examinations performed in five patients-a rate that correlated well with the clinical findings. In one patient with EF involvement of the thigh, the MRI abnormalities showed partial remission, which also correlated well with the clinical findings. CONCLUSION: In EF, MRI reveals characteristic findings including thickening, signal abnormalities, and contrast enhancement of the superficial and, to a lesser extent, deep muscle fasciae. MRI is useful for establishing the diagnosis, guiding the choice of biopsy site, and assessing treatment response.     

Effects of gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadodiamide on serum calcium, magnesium, and creatinine measurements

PURPOSE: To investigate the in vivo effects of gadodiamide (Gd-DTPA-BMA) and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) on the laboratory measurements of serum calcium, magnesium, and creatinine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records from 1993 to 2004 were reviewed to identify inpatients for whom laboratory data were available regarding serum calcium, creatinine, and magnesium levels before and within one day after gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced MRI. Patients who underwent both gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced MRI and iodinated contrast-enhanced examinations on separate days within a six-month period were also identified to compare changes in serum creatinine. RESULTS: Serum creatinine did not increase in 2788 cases following gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadodiamide injection. By comparison, serum creatinine increased from 1.21 to 1.28 mg/dL following iodinated contrast, and there were 20 cases (2.6%) of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity (P < 0.01). Gadopentetate dimeglumine did not affect serum calcium or magnesium measurements. Following 1157 gadodiamide-enhanced examinations, measured serum calcium spuriously dropped from 8.65 to 8.33 mg/dL (P < 0.0001) and 34 patients had spurious critical hypocalcemia (<6 mg/dL). Of 60 patients with high-dose gadodiamide injection and renal insufficiency, 36.7% (N = 22) had spurious critical hypocalcemia immediately post MRI. In 216 patients with renal insufficiency, the mean serum magnesium level increased slightly from 1.69 to 1.77 mEq/L following gadodiamide injection (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Gd-based contrast agents are safe for MRI and MR angiography (MRA), and do not induce nephrotoxicity. However, gadodiamide interferes with serum calcium and magnesium measurements-particularly at high doses and/or with renal insufficiency.     

Transient focal lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum: MR imaging with an attempt to clinical-physiopathological explanation and review of the literature

PURPOSE: This article discusses the possible pathophysiological conditions responsible for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding of transient focal lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum on the basis of our experience and a review of the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In six patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) and MRI examinations, focal nonhemorrhagic lesions of the splenium of the corpus callosum were incidentally discovered. Patients had been referred for suspected encephalitis (n=2), dural sinus thrombosis (n=1) and multiple sclerosis (n=3). MRI examinations were repeated after 4, 8 and 12 weeks and in two cases also after 6 and 9 months. MRI and medical records were retrospectively reviewed with respect to patients' clinical history, medication and laboratory findings to define lesion aetiology. RESULTS: In all patients, the lesions were isolated, reversible and with no contrast enhancement. In four patients, the lesion disappeared after complete remission of the underlying disease, whereas in two patients, they persisted for 6 and 9 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge and according to previous reports, the fact that these lesions are detected in a relatively large number of conditions with heterogeneous etiopathogenetic factors leads to the hypothesis that a common underlying pathophysiological mechanism that, considering signal characteristic, reversibility and white matter location, could be represented by vasogenic oedema.     

匙孔动态增强MRI对45例催乳激素分泌型垂体微腺瘤的诊断

目的:评价匙孔(keyhole)动态MRI对催乳激素(prolactin,PRL)分泌型垂体微腺瘤的诊断价值.材料和方法:回顾性分析45例经手术或临床证实的PRL分泌型垂体微腺瘤的动态增强MRI影像表现,由两位有经验的影像科医师阅片,不告知临床及实验室检查结果的情况下作诊断,垂体内见有粟粒、结节或片块状异常信号者作肯定微腺瘤诊断;垂体内信号不均匀者作可疑微腺瘤诊断;垂体内信号未见异常者不作微腺瘤诊断.结果:无临床及实验室检查参考时,可肯定垂体微腺瘤诊断者18例;可疑垂体微腺瘤诊断者26例;不作垂体微腺瘤诊断者1例.结合临床及实验室检查诊断正确率达97.8%.结论:keyhole动态MR对PRL分泌型垂体微腺瘤有较高的诊断价值,临床和实验室检查怀疑PRL分泌型垂体微腺瘤而MR平扫阴性的患者应常规作动态增强MR检查.     

Claustrophobia and premature termination of magnetic resonance imaging examinations

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of MRI-related claustrophobia and prematurely terminated MRI (ptMRI) examinations due to claustrophobia in a large-scale cohort study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hospital's computerized radiology information system (RIS) was retrospectively analyzed for all 1.5-Tesla MRI examinations and reports during the year 2004. Data collected included demographic information, body part examined, known claustrophobia, and whether the examination was prematurely terminated. All information available on the MRI examinations and the patient-based data (i.e., excluding any additional examinations per patient) were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 5798 MRI reports of 4821 patients were evaluated. A total of 95 patients (1.97%) suffered from claustrophobia and 59 (1.22%) prematurely terminated the examination due to claustrophobia. The incidence of ptMRI was higher in women than men (no statistical significance). The majority of patients with ptMRI were between 20 and 80 years old. Patients undergoing head MRI showed the highest incidence of ptMRI and those undergoing extremity, breast, or pelvic MRI had the lowest. Prone compared to supine positioning results in the lowest ptMRI incidence (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Claustrophobic reactions cause a relatively low incidence of ptMRI and are influenced by sex, body part examined, and positioning within the MR scanner. Sedation and prone positioning might help overcome these reactions.     

Early anisotropy changes in the corpus callosum of patients with optic neuritis

INTRODUCTION: Optic neuritis (ON) and any other early manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) are referred to as clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) as long as MS is suspected. In this prospective study we aimed to determine whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) could quantify structural changes in patients with early MS. METHODS: A total of 24 patients and 15 control subjects were prospectively followed by clinical examinations and MRI. the main inclusion criterion was presentation with ON. Patients underwent serial MRI scans: MRI1 (baseline, n=24), MRI2 (mean 6.6 months, n=24), MRI3 (mean 13.0 months, n=14), MRI4 (mean 39.4 months, n=5). Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) maps were derived from DTI. Four regions of interest (ROIs) were defined in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). RESULTS: In the temporal course FA decreased in the genu of the callosal body (GCC) from MRI1 to MRI4 (P=0.005) and in the splenium of the callosal body (SCC) (P=0.006). Patients already had lower FA values in the SCC (P<0.01) on MRI1 compared with the controls. Patients had lower FA values in the GCC (P<0.01) starting from MRI2. Patients with definite MS on follow-up (n=9) showed a correlation between FA in the SCC and time (r=-0.40, P=0.004), whereas patients without progression did not. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the corpus callosum is an early site for development of anisotropy changes in MS patients with ON. There seems to be a primary FA decrease in all patients with ON that only deteriorates in the group developing definite MS.     

A multisite phase III study of the safety and efficacy of a new manganese chloride-based gastrointestinal contrast agent for MRI of the abdomen and pelvis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a manganese chloride-based oral magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent during a Phase III multisite clinical trial. Two hundred seventeen patients were enrolled who were already scheduled for MRI of the abdomen and/or pelvis. In this group of patients, it was postulated that the use of an oral agent would better allow discrimination of pathology from bowel. Patients with known gastrointestinal pathology including peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, obstruction, or perforation were excluded to minimize confounding variables that could affect the safety assessment. Of these 217 patients, 18 received up to 900 mL of placebo, and 199 patients were given up to 900 mL of a manganese chloride-based oral contrast agent, LumenHance (Bracco Diagnostics, Inc.). Safety was determined by comparing pre- and post-dose physical examinations, vital signs, and laboratory examinations and by documenting adverse events. Efficacy was assessed by unblinded site investigators and two blinded reviewers who compared pre- and post-dose T1- and T2-weighted MRI scans of the abdomen and/or pelvis. In 111 (57%) of the 195 cases evaluated for efficacy by site investigators (unblinded readers), MRI after LumenHance provided additional diagnostic information. Increased information was found by two blinded readers in 52% and 51% of patients, respectively. In 44/195 cases (23%) unblinded readers felt the additional information would have changed patient diagnosis and in 50 patients (26%), it would have changed management and/or therapy. Potential changes in patient diagnosis or management/therapy were seen by the two blinded readers in 8-20% of patients. No clinically significant post-dose laboratory changes were seen. Forty-eight patients (24%) receiving LumenHance and four patients (22%) receiving placebo experienced one or more adverse events. Gastrointestinal tract side effects were most common, seen in 29 (15%) of LumenHance patients and in 3 (17%) of the placebo patients. LumenHance is a safe and efficacious oral gastrointestinal contrast agent for MRI of the abdomen and pelvis.     

特发性腹膜后纤维化的MRI诊断

目的：探讨特发性腹膜后纤维化（IRPF）的MRI表现。方法：回顾性分析8例经穿刺活检病理证实的IRPF患者的MRI图像资料。所有患者均行腹部MRI常规扫描,其中5例同时行增强扫描,4例行DWI检查,5例行MRU检查。结果：IRPF呈类圆形或不规则形软组织信号,包绕腹膜后大血管及输尿管等腹膜后器官,早期病变呈稍长T1、稍长T2信号,动态增强扫描动脉期示病灶明显强化,DWI上呈稍高信号;中晚期病变T2WI信号逐渐减低,呈等信号或低信号,动态增强扫描动脉期及静脉期无明显强化,延迟期呈轻度不均匀强化,DWI上呈不均匀稍低信号。当病变包绕输尿管时,MRU检查可见一侧或双侧输尿管变细,病变段以上输尿管积水及肾盂积水。结论：MRI多序列检查有助于IRPF的诊断及鉴别诊断,有较大的临床应用价值。     

The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of postoperative spondylodiscitis

BACKGROUND: Spondylodiscitis, discitis associated with vertebral osteomyelitis may follow disc-removal surgery. A targeted successful treatment of spinal infections requires clinical and laboratory data that are completed by the contribution of imaging procedures. Neuroimaging provides precise information on correct topography, localization, propagation, and differential diagnosis of spinal infectious lesions. The aim of this study was to present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with postoperative spondylodiscitis. METHODS: MRI was performed in 6 patients aged 29-50, with clinically suspected postoperative spondylodiscitis. Initial examination was performed 3-8 weeks after surgery and 3, 6, or 12 months after the treatment by antibiotics. Patients underwent MRI on a IT imaging unit (Siemens, Magnetom-Impact), including sagittal T1W and T2W images and axial T1W images before and after the administration of gadolinium contrast medium. RESULTS: MRI findings included: significantly decreased signal intensity with the loss of distinction between vertebral body and intervertebral disc space on T1W, increased signal intensity in the adjacent vertebral body and end-plates on T2W, contrast enhancement of vertebral body and disc space and paravertebral soft tissue changes. Follow-up examinations performed 3, 6, or 12 months after the treatment showed less abnormal signal intensities on both T1- and T2-weighted images. CONCLUSION: Postoperative spondylodiscitis is a rare but severe complication of lumbar disc surgery. Since conventional imaging techniques are not reliable for detecting spondylodiscitis in its early stages, MRI is of great significance in the diagnosis of postoperative spondylodiscitis.     

MRI in patients with intraspinal bullets

The purpose of this study was to determine whether neurologic sequelae occur in patients with intraspinal bullets or bullet fragments who undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Nineteen patients with bullets or bullet fragments adjacent to the cord or nerve roots underwent clinical MRI studies at 1.5 T. Sequences included conventional spin echo, fast spin echo, gradient-recalled echo, and inversion recovery. Patients were queried during scanning for symptoms of discomfort, pain, or change in neurologic status. Detailed neurologic examinations were performed prior to MRI (baseline), post MRI, and at the patients' discharge. Sixteen patients were completely paralyzed (ASIA-A), and three were not paralyzed. The length of time from injury was 2-24 months. No patients experienced pain or discomfort during the procedure. No change in neurologic status occurred. Follow-up radiographic studies showed no bullet movement following the scanning. We conclude that in patients with complete spinal cord injury, MRI in patients with intraspinal bullets may be performed.