左室收缩功能障碍与6~24 h内接受机械取栓的急性缺血性脑卒中患者不良预后相关

目的探讨以左室射血分数（LVEF）测量的左室收缩功能障碍（LVSD）与6~24 h内接受机械取栓治疗的前循环大血管闭塞型急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）患者90 d预后的相关性。 方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年1月在发病后6~24 h内于我院接受机械取栓治疗的急性缺血性脑卒中患者资料。根据国际准则采用Simpson双平面法在二维超声心动图上评估LVEF,LVEF < 50%即定义为LVSD。90 d改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分3~6分定义为不良功能预后。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析明确LVSD与90 d不良预后的相关性。 结果共计纳入了107例患者,其中26例（24.3%）术后出现了LVSD。多因素分析显示,LVSD（OR = 4.206,95%CI：1.357~13.035,P = 0.013）、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）基线评分高（OR = 1.234,95%CI：1.114~1.367,P < 0.001）、再灌注不良（mTICI 0~2a） （OR = 4.388,95%CI：1.373~14.023,P = 0.013）是90 d不良功能预后的独立危险因素。年龄（OR = 1.081,95%CI：1.005~1.161,P = 0.035）、LVSD （OR = 3.783,95%CI：1.029~13.911,P = 0.045）、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）基线评分高（OR = 1.109,95%CI：1.026~1.198,P = 0.009）是90 d死亡率的独立危险因素。 结论LVSD与6~24 h接受机械取栓治疗的急性缺血性脑卒中患者90 d不良预后独立相关。     

急性颅内大血管闭塞机械再通患者预后影响因素分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨机械取栓治疗急性颅内大血管闭塞的有效性和安全性及影响预后的相关因素。 方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2019年7月在郑州大学第一附属医院接受机械取栓治疗的急性颅内大血管闭塞性脑卒中患者临床和影像学资料。根据术后3个月改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分,将337例入组患者分为预后良好组［mRS评分0～2分,188例（55.8%）］和预后不良组［mRS评分3～6分,149例（44.2%）］。分析两组患者年龄、高危因素、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分、闭塞部位（颈内动脉、大脑中动脉和椎-基底动脉）、发病-股动脉穿刺时间（OTP）、股动脉穿刺-血管再通时间（PTR）、术后即刻再通效果［改良脑梗死溶栓（mTICI）治疗后血流分级］、症状性脑出血[欧洲急性脑卒中协作研究（ECASS）组Ⅱ标准］及术后3个月预后。对预后影响因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。 结果 两组患者年龄、入院NIHSS评分、伴高血压、伴糖尿病、血管闭塞部位比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;其他基线资料差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。大脑中动脉闭塞再通患者预后良好率显著高于颈内动脉、椎-基底动脉闭塞患者（P=0.02）。预后良好组患者OTP、PTR显著短于预后不良组（360 min对405 min,P=0.01;80 min对100 min,P＜0.001）。预后良好组患者血管成功再通率显著高于预后不良组（91.0%对78.5%,P＜0.001）,术后症状性脑出血发生率显著低于预后不良组（8.5%对28.9%,P＜0.001）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,高龄（OR=1.042,95%Cl=1.018～1.066）、伴糖尿病（OR=1.930,95%Cl=1.100～3.385）、入院高NIHSS评分（OR=1.286,95%C1=1.190～1.390）、PTR较长（OR=1.007,95%CI=1.001～1.013）、术后症状性脑出血（OR=3.082,95%Cl=1.419～6.695）均为预后不良的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 机械取栓治疗急性颅内大血管闭塞有较高的血管再通率和预后良好率。高龄、伴糖尿病、入院高NIHSS评分、PTR较长、术后症状性脑出血均为预后不良的危险因素。     

梗死核心容积预测急性前循环大血管闭塞患者机械取栓术后出血转化的价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨急性前循环大血管闭塞患者机械取栓术后梗死核心容积与出血转化（HT）的关系。 方法 回顾性分析2019年10月至2020年2月在南京医科大学第一附属医院接受机械取栓术治疗前循环大血管闭塞的急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）患者临床和影像学资料。根据欧洲急性脑卒中协作研究（ECASS）Ⅱ标准,将患者分为HT组和Non-HT组,同时根据术后是否发生实质性血肿（PH）分为PH组和Non-PH组,分别比较两组患者临床资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析评估HT和PH独立危险因素,受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析梗死核心容积预测HT和PH的效能。 结果 共76例患者纳入分析。HT组26例, Non-HT组50例;PH组10例,Non-PH组66例。HT组梗死核心容积、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分及血糖水平均高于Non-HT组（P＜0.05）。PH组梗死核心容积、NIHSS评分均高于Non-PH组（P＜0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,梗死核心容积较大是机械取栓术后发生HT的独立危险因素（OR=1.032,95%CI=1.003～1.061, P=0.028）,也是发生PH的独立危险因素（OR=1.045,95%CI=1.007～1.085,P=0.021）。梗死核心容积预测HT的灵敏度为57.7%,特异度为72.0%,ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.658,预测值为13.5 mL;预测PH的灵敏度为54.5%,特异度为93.8%,AUC为0.755,预测值为36 mL。 结论 梗死核心容积较大是AIS患者机械取栓术后发生HT、PH的独立危险因素。梗死核心容积对AIS患者取栓术后HT具有预测价值。     

院内急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓治疗效果和预后因素分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨机械取栓治疗院内急性缺血性脑卒中患者临床效果及其预后因素。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年1月南京医科大学第一附属医院采用机械取栓治疗的连续院内急性缺血性脑卒中患者临床资料。主要观察指标为90 d改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分。根据90 d mRS评分将患者分为预后良好（mRS评分≤2）组和预后欠佳（mRS评分3～6）组。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析预测患者预后因素。结果 共有34例院内急性缺血性脑卒中患者纳入本研究。基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分为平均（19.1±8.9）分,发病至股动脉穿刺时间为平均（182.3±81.3） min。4例（11.8%）患者取栓前接受静脉溶栓治疗。29 例（85.3%）患者闭塞血管获得成功再通。术后4例发生症状性脑出血。术后11例（32.4%）患者获90 d良好预后。90 d预后不佳更常见于合并冠心病患者（56.5%对9.1%,χ2=6.911,P=0.011）。单因素和多因素logistic回归分析显示冠心病是预后不良的独立预测因素（OR=0.08,95%CI=0.01～0.08,P=0.031）。结论 机械取栓治疗院内急性缺血性脑卒中患者安全有效。冠心病可能是预后不佳的独立危险因素。     

急性脑梗死机械取栓后引流静脉早显与脑出血转化的关系

目的探讨急性脑梗死机械取栓术后血管造影显示引流静脉早显(EVF)与脑出血转化(HT)的关系。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年11月,扬州大学附属医院经机械取栓的急性前循环大血管闭塞患者的影像及人口统计资料、血管危险因素及其他临床资料。参照欧洲协作急性卒中研究Ⅱ(ECASSⅡ),对机械取栓术后HT进行改良分型(HT阴性、HT-Ⅰ型和HT-Ⅱ型),并对其EVF发生率、基线特征及临床预后进行比较。应用多变量logistic回归分析HT和临床预后的独立危险因素。采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)分析EVF预测HT-Ⅱ型的效能。结果98例接受机械取栓患者纳入分析,其中HT阴性48例(49.0%,48/98)、HT-Ⅰ型40例(40.8%,40/98)、HT-Ⅱ型10例(10.2%,10/98)。3组患者的年龄及心房颤动、EVF、预后不良发生率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多变量logistic回归分析显示EVF[优势比(OR)5.962,95%CI 1.750~8.964,P=0.001]和心房颤动(OR 3.485,95%CI 1.962~18.986,P=0.028)是发生HT-Ⅱ的独立危险因素;未发现HT-Ⅰ的独立危险因素;基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分(OR 1.162,95%CI 1.021~1.345,P=0.038)、EVF(OR 5.358,95%CI 1.665~13.653,P=0.006)和HT-Ⅱ(OR 1.326,95%CI 1.226~2.038,P=0.032)是预后不良的独立危险因素。EVF预测HT-Ⅱ的灵敏度、特异度分别为80.0%、86.4%,ROC曲线下面积为0.832。结论急性脑梗死机械取栓后血管造影出现EVF预示再通后HT-Ⅱ型出血转化风险增加及预后不良。     

急性大血管闭塞性脑卒中静脉溶栓后转诊行血管内治疗预后影响因素分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨急性大血管闭塞性脑卒中（AIS-LVO）患者静脉溶栓后转诊行血管内治疗的安全性和有效性,分析影响预后的因素。 方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月在卒中防治中心静脉溶栓后转至南京医科大学第一附属医院行机械取栓术的AIS-LVO患者临床资料。根据机械取栓治疗后90 d改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分,将患者分为预后良好组（mRS评分≤2）和预后不良组（mRS评分＞2）。单因素和多因素logistic回归分析患者预后相关危险因素。 结果 共41例AIS-LVO患者纳入研究,其中预后良好组16例（39.0%）。将单因素分析中变量（P＜0.05）纳入多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示术前美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分高、Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分（ASPECTS）低、卒中症状发作至卒中防治中心就诊时间（ODT）长以及卒中防治中心就诊至股动脉穿刺时间（DPT）长,均为AIS-LVO患者预后不良的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 AIS-LVO患者静脉溶栓后转诊行血管内治疗安全有效。术前NIHSS评分、ASPECTS、ODT、DPT是患者临床预后的预测因素。     

CTA评分对发病6～24 h急性基底动脉闭塞血管内治疗临床结局的预测价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨CTA评分系统对急性基底动脉闭塞（BAO）6～24 h患者血管内治疗后早期临床结局的预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2019年12月在胜利油田中心医院接受血管内治疗的53例急性BAO患者临床资料。根据改良Rankin 量表（mRS）评分结果,将患者分为预后良好组（n=32）、预后不良组（n=21）。采用后循环侧支循环评分（pc-CS）、后循环（pc）-CTA侧支评分、基底动脉BATMAN评分,对血管内介入术前患者CTA影像进行评估。 结果 预后良好组、预后不良组患者年龄、取栓前和出院 NIHSS 评分、pc-CS评分、pc-CTA评分、BATMAN 评分等指标比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,pc-CTA评分≤1.5分（OR=0.468,95%CI=0.231～0.946,P=0.035）、pc-CS评分≥4.5分（OR=2.183,95%CI=1.233～3.865,P=0.007）、BATMAN评分≥4.5分（OR=2.461,95%CI=1.320～4.588,P=0.005）,均为急性BAO患者血管内治疗后90 d良好临床结局的独立预测因素。受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析显示,pc-CS 评分、pc-CTA评分、BATMAN 评分预测良好临床结局的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.766（95%CI=0.632～0.901）、0.814（95%CI=0.697～0.931）、0.869（95%CI=0.763～0.975）。结论 pc-CS评分、pc-CTA 评分和BATMAN 评分均能独立有效地预测血管内治疗急性BAO患者90 d临床结局,其中反映血栓负荷及侧支代偿的BATMAN 评分似可更准确地预测预后。     

机械取栓术治疗急性缺血性脑卒中伴恶性肿瘤患者效果分析

【摘要】 目的 评价前循环急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）伴恶性肿瘤患者接受机械取栓治疗的有效性和安全性,分析影响机械取栓术预后的因素。 方法 回顾性分析2016年6月至2021年9月在苏州大学附属第一医院接受机械取栓治疗的前循环AIS患者临床资料。根据患者病史分为肿瘤组与非肿瘤组。评估两组患者基线资料、取栓术后症状性颅内出血发生率和90 d改良Rankin 量表（mRS）评分等指标。再将肿瘤组患者分为预后良好（术后90 d mRS评分≤2分）和预后不良（mRS评分＞2分）。采用单因素和多因素logistic分析影响AIS伴恶性肿瘤患者机械取栓治疗预后的因素。结果 共入组219例患者（肿瘤组24例,非肿瘤组195例）。肿瘤组、非肿瘤组分别成功复流23例（95.8%）、183例（93.8%）,差异无统计学意义（P=1.00）;术后出血转化率（52.2%比41.5%,P=0.331）、症状性颅内出血发生率（17.4%比12.0%,P=0.503）、90 d预后良好率（39.1%比42.1%,P=0.787）差异均无统计学意义。logistic回归分析显示,静脉溶栓后桥接机械取栓治疗是肿瘤组患者术后90 d临床预后不良的影响因素。与非肿瘤组相比,肿瘤组桥接治疗后有更高的症状性颅内出血发生率（36.4%比10.9%,P=0.044）。结论 机械取栓治疗前循环AIS伴恶性肿瘤患者安全、有效。直接机械取栓治疗AIS伴恶性肿瘤患者比桥接治疗有更低的症状性颅内出血发生率和更好的预后。     

高敏肌钙蛋白T动态变化在晚时间窗内进行血管内治疗的急性缺血性脑卒中患者中的预测价值

目的探讨高敏肌钙蛋白T（high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T，hs-cTnT）动态变化与晚时间窗内接受机械取栓治疗的前循环大血管闭塞型急性缺血性脑卒中患者不良预后的相关性。 方法共纳入161例患者，分别于入院时和24 h测量血清hs-cTnT。hs-cTnT升高定义为大于14 ng/L；hs-cTnT动态变化定义为两次测量值上升或下降超过20%且至少有一次大于14 ng/L。评价hs-cTnT动态变化与3个月时不良预后的相关性；比较入院时hs-cTnT升高与hs-cTnT动态变化预测3个月时不良预后的接收者操作特征（receiver-operating characteristic，ROC）曲线下面积（areas under the ROC curve，AUC）。 结果67（41.6%）例患者发生hs-cTnT动态变化。多因素分析显示，hs-cTnT升高（P = 0.014，P = 0.038）和hs-cTnT动态变化（P < 0.001，P < 0.001）分别是不良预后和死亡的独立预测因素。AUC比较显示hs-cTnT动态变化对不良预后（AUC 0.765 vs 0.689，P = 0.043）和死亡（AUC 0.818 vs 0.687，P = 0.008）的预测价值要显著优于入院时hs-cTnT升高。 结论hs-cTnT动态变化是晚时间窗进行血管内治疗的急性颅内大血管闭塞性脑卒中患者3个月时不良预后和死亡的独立预测因素。hs-cTnT动态变化对不良预后的预测价值要显著优于入院时hs-cTnT升高。     

急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓后大面积脑梗死发生及其影响因素分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨前循环急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）患者机械取栓后大面积脑梗死（LHI）发生及其影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月于南京医科大学第一附属医院接受机械取栓治疗的前循环AIS患者临床资料。主要观察指标是术后5～7 d LHI,即头颅影像学检查所示梗死面积大于大脑中动脉供血区1/3。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析明确LHI发生相关因素,并分析LHI与90 d改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分相关性。结果 共计纳入227例患者。其中107例（47.1%）术后发生LHI。单因素和多因素logistic回归分析显示,基线高美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分、低Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分（ASPECTS）、侧支代偿差及再灌注欠佳是LHI发生的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。与非LHI组相比,LHI组患者90 d良好预后率更低（17.8%对72.5%,χ2=68.102,P＜0.001）。 结论 基线高NIHSS评分、低ASPECTS、侧支代偿差及再灌注欠佳是LHI发生的独立危险因素。LHI发生与临床预后不佳相关。     

Impact of Modified TICI 3 versus Modified TICI 2b Reperfusion Score to Predict Good Outcome following Endovascular Therapy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The TICI score is widely used to evaluate cerebral perfusion before and after the endovascular treatment of stroke. Recent studies showing the effectiveness and safety of mechanical thrombectomy combine modified TICI 2b and modified TICI 3 to assess the technical success of endovascular treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine how much clinical outcomes differ between patients achieving modified TICI 2b and modified TICI 3 reperfusion.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We analyzed 222 consecutive patients with acute large intracranial artery occlusion of the anterior circulation having achieved modified TICI 2b or modified TICI 3 reperfusion after thrombectomy. The primary end point was the rate of favorable outcome defined as the achievement of a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2 at 3 months.RESULTS:Patients with modified TICI 3 more often had favorable collateral circulation and atherosclerosis etiology, with a shorter time from onset to reperfusion than patients with modified TICI 2b (all P < .05). The number of total passes to achieve reperfusion was higher in the modified TICI 2b group (median, 2; interquartile range, 1–3, 1–9) versus (median, 1; interquartile range, 1–2, 1–8) in the modified TICI 3 group (P = .0002). Favorable outcome was reached more often for patients with modified TICI 3 than for those with modified TICI 2b (71.7% versus 50.5%, P = .001), with a similar difference when considering excellent outcome. In addition, patients with modified TICI 3 had a lower intracerebral hemorrhage rate (23.0% versus 45.0%, P < .001).CONCLUSIONS:Patients with modified TICI 3 reperfusion have better functional outcomes than those with modified TICI 2b. Given the improving reperfusion rates obtained with thrombectomy devices, future thrombectomy trials should consider modified TICI 2b and modified TICI 3 status separately.

Thrombectomy is now recommended as the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke with proximal large-vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation,¹ and successful revascularization is a major predictor of good outcome following endovascular therapy for acute large-vessel occlusions.² The Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score is currently used to assess cerebral perfusion before and after endovascular stroke treatment.³ Recent studies demonstrating the effectiveness of intracranial large-vessel reperfusion by using mechanical thrombectomy considered modified TICI (mTICI) 2b and mTICI 3 (complete reperfusion) to represent technical success,⁴ though some researchers have suggested that patients with mTICI 2b reperfusion have a poorer outcome than patients with complete reperfusion.^5–7 Thus, the aim of our study was to determine how much functional outcome differed between patients achieving mTICI 2b and those with mTICI 3 reperfusion after thrombectomy for acute stroke in the anterior circulation.     

Defining reperfusion post endovascular therapy in ischemic stroke using MR-dynamic contrast enhanced perfusion

ObjectivesCerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements after endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke are important to distinguish early secondary injury related to persisting ischemia from that related to reperfusion when considering clinical response and infarct growth.MethodsWe compare reperfusion quantified by the modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Score (mTICI) with perfusion measured by MRI dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion within 5 h of EVT anterior circulation stroke. MR perfusion (rCBF, rCBV, rTmax, rT0) and mTICI scores were included in a predictive model for change in NIHSS at 24 h and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion growth (acute to 24 h MRI) using a machine learning RRELIEFF feature selection coupled with a support vector regression.ResultsFor all perfusion parameters, mean values within the acute infarct for the TICI-2b group (considered clinically good reperfusion) were not significantly different from those in the mTICI <2b (clinically poor reperfusion). However, there was a statistically significant difference in perfusion values within the acute infarct region of interest between the mTICI-3 group versus both mTICI-2b and <2b (p = 0.02). The features that made up the best predictive model for change in NIHSS and absolute DWI lesion volume change was rT0 within acute infarct ROI and admission CTA collaterals respectively. No other variables, including mTICI scores, were selected for these best models. The correlation coefficients (Root mean squared error) for the cross-validation were 0.47 (13.7) and 0.51 (5.7) for change in NIHSS and absolute DWI lesion volume change.ConclusionMR perfusion following EVT provides accurate physiological approach to understanding the relationship of CBF, clinical outcome, and DWI growth.Advances in knowledgeMR perfusion CBF acquired is a robust, objective reperfusion measurement providing following recanalization of the target occlusion which is critical to distinguish potential therapeutic harm from the failed technical success of EVT as well as improve the responsiveness of clinical trial outcomes to disease modification.     

Prognostic factors related to clinical outcome following thrombectomy in ischemic stroke (RECOST Study). 50 patients prospective study

Background and aims

New thrombectomy devices allow successful and rapid recanalization in acute ischemic stroke. Nevertheless prognostics factors need to be systematically analyzed in the context of these new therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze prognostic factors related to clinical outcome following Solitaire FR thrombectomy in ischemic stroke.

Methods

Fifty consecutive ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion were included. Three treatment strategies were applied; rescue therapy, combined therapy, and standalone thrombectomy. DWI ASPECT score < 5 was the main exclusion criterion after initial MRI (T2, T2*, TOF, FLAIR, DWI). Sexes, age, time to recanalization were prospectively collected. Clinical outcome was assessed post treatment, day one and discharge by means of a NIHSS. Three months mRS evaluation was performed by an independent neurologist.The probability of good outcome at 3 months was assessed by forward stepwise logistic regression using baseline NIHSS score, Glasgow score at entrance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, blood–brain barrier disruption on post-operative CT, embolic and hemorrhagic post procedural complication, ischemic brain lesion extension on 24 h imaging, NIHSS at discharge, ASPECT score, and time to recanalization. All variables significantly associated with the outcome in the univariate analysis were entered in the model. The significance of adding or removing a variable from the logistic model was determined by the maximum likelihood ratio test. Odds-ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

Results

At 3 months 54% of patients had a mRS 0–2, 70% in MCA, 44% in ICA, and 43% in BA with an overall mortality rate of 12%. Baseline NIHSS score (p = 0.001), abnormal Glasgow score at entrance (p = 0.053) hyperglycemia (p = 0.023), dyslipidemia (p = 0.031), blood–brain barrier disruption (p = 0.022), embolic and hemorrhagic post procedural complication, ischemic brain lesion extension on 24 h imaging (p = 0.008), NIHSS at discharge (0.001) were all factors significantly associated with 3 month clinical outcome. ASPECT subgroup (5–7 and 8–10), and time to recanalization were not correlated to 3 months outcome. Baseline NIHSS score (OR, 1.228; 95% CI, 1.075–1.402; p = 0.002), hyperglycemia (OR, 10.013; 95% CI, 1.068–93.915; p = 0.04), emerged as independent predictors of outcome at 3 months. Overall embolic complication rate was 10%, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was 2%.

Conclusion

The MCA location was associated with the best clinical outcome. A DWI ASPECT cutoff score of 5 was reliable and safe. No correlation with time to recanalization was observed in this study. NIHSS and hyperglycemia at admission were the two factors independently associated with a bad outcome at 90 days.     

自发性脑出血急性期白细胞计数与近期预后的相关性分析

目的探讨自发性脑出血急性期白细胞计数与近期预后的关系并评价其在近期预后的预测价值。方法收集74例经CT证实的自发性脑出血患者入院时外周血白细胞计数,并应用改良Rankin量表(mRS)对患者第21天神经功能恢复情况进行评分,近期预后差定义为mRS≥4。使用SPSS16.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果mRS≥4患者36例(48.6%)。mRS≥4组急性期白细胞计数明显高于mRS<4组(P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示白细胞计数是近期预后差的一个独立危险因素(OR=1.445,95%CI:1.189～1.755,P<0.01)。白细胞计数的ROC曲线显示曲线下面积为0.803(95%CI:0.698～0.908,P<0.01)。通过ROC曲线分析白细胞计数预测脑出血近期预后差最佳阳性分界值为10.0×109/L。结论自发性脑出血急性期白细胞计数与近期预后密切相关,白细胞计数升高是近期预后的独立危险因素之一,急性期白细胞计数≥10.0×109/L预示近期预后较差。白细胞计数作为近期预后的预测指标价值中等。     

静脉溶栓桥接Solitaire支架取栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的效果分析

目的探讨静脉溶栓桥接Solitaire支架取栓开通颅内闭塞大血管的疗效。 方法回顾我院2014年6月—2015年10月采用桥接模式接受血管内治疗的15例急性缺血性脑卒中患者资料。分析大血管开通情况,术中、术后并发症发生情况,早期神经功能改善情况以及随访90 d时mRS情况。 结果15例患者中,大脑中动脉闭塞9例,颈内动脉颅内段合并大脑中动脉闭塞2例,椎基底动脉系统闭塞4例。所有患者大血管均获得开通。2例患者出现颅内出血,1例为颞叶出血、1例为丘脑出血。死亡2例。入院NIHSS评分(14.83±5.65)与3天后NIHSS评分(6.82±5.53)比较,差异有统计学意义。90 d随访临床结果优良患者9例(mRS<2)。 结论静脉溶栓桥接Solitaire支架动脉取栓能使大血管获得较好的再通率,显著改善急性缺血性脑卒中患者的预后。     

Outcome of endovascular treatment for acute basilar artery occlusion in the modern era: a single institution experience

Purpose

The beneficial effect of endovascular treatment (EVT) for patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO) remains uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical outcome of EVT for patients with ABAO and analyze prognostic factors of good outcome.

Methods

From our prospectively established database, we reviewed all patients with ABAO receiving EVT during January 2014 to December 2016. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. Favorable functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 3 assessed at 3-month follow-up. The association between clinical and procedural characteristics and functional outcome was assessed.

Results

Of the 68 patients included, 50 patients (73.5%) received mechanical thrombectomy with stent retriever device. Successful reperfusion (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grades 2b–3) was achieved in 61 patients (89.7%). Overall favorable functional outcome was reached by 31 patients (45.6%). In univariate analysis, Glasgow Coma Scale sum score, baseline National Institutes of Health stroke scale score (NIHSS), and baseline glycemia level were identified predicting good clinical outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that lower NIHSS was the only independent risk factor of favorable functional outcome (OR 0.832; 95% CI, 0.715–0.968; p?=?0.018). No difference of favorable outcomes was observed between the subgroups of time to EVT?<?6 h and ? 6 h.

Conclusions

Data in the present study suggests that EVT for ABAO patients should be reasonable within 24 h of symptom onset. The most important factor determining clinical outcome is initial stroke severity.

     

非时变CTA在急性脑梗死患者脑侧支循环的应用研究

目的 探讨非时变CT血管成像(CTA)技术在评估急性脑梗死患者脑侧支循环和辅助临床医生预测患者临床预后方面的价值.方法 评估并比较急性脑梗死患者脑侧支循环在单时相CTA和非时变CTA的评分;计算急性脑梗死患者于入院后2周较入院时的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分变化,NIHSS评分下降≥50%定义为较大的神经功能改善,代表临床预后良好,否则为临床预后差;基于受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估非时变CTA在预测患者临床预后方面的效能.结果 在显示急性脑梗死患者脑侧支循环方面,非时变CTA较单时相CTA能够显示更多的侧支血管,非时变CTA和单时相CTA脑侧支循环评分分别为(1.50±0.69)分和(1.15±0.49)分(P=0.006<0.05);非时变CTA对急性脑梗死患者临床预后具有中等度的预测效能,曲线下面积(AUC)=0.810,(P=0.032<0.05).结论 非时变CTA在评价急性脑梗死患者脑侧支循环和辅助临床医生预测患者临床预后方面具有重要价值.