胆红素对腹水型肝癌细胞生长及DNA合成的光敏作用(英文)

目的:观察胆红素光敏反应对腹水型肝癌(Hep A)细胞DNA的影响及其机理。方法:细胞经1.0×10~5lx照光10min后加脱氧[~3H]胸苷,测DNA的合成。细胞用0.5％台盼兰染色后计数。结果:胆红素光敏反应使细胞死亡率增加;DNA合成明显受到抑制(P<0.01);且随浓度的增加和照光时间的延长而加剧。在自然光照下,照光组与避光组DNA合成没有明显区别(P>0.05)。结论:胆红素光敏反应对Hep A细胞有明显的杀伤作用;自然光照组不产生光敏反应;光敏反应的产生与~1O_2和H_2O_2密切相关,而与OH·和O_2~-无关。     

双香豆素对癌细胞的光敏反应及二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠的增敏作用

目的:研究双香豆素(Dic)对肿瘤细胞的光敏反应及二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠的增敏作用.结果:Dic 40,80,120 μmol·L~(-1)光敏反应使腹水型肝癌细胞(Hep A)死亡率增加(50％—70.4％),照光组始终高于避光组30％左右.照光组细胞DNA合成抑制率(81％—93％)明显高于避光组(19％—53％),且有浓度依赖性.避光组Dic对细胞也有轻微的损伤.结论:Dic光敏反应对Hep A细胞有较强抗肿瘤活性,DDC能增强Dic对细胞的光敏杀伤作用.Dic—DDC照光组细胞死亡率及DNA合成的抑制率比单独的Dic照光组明显增高.Dic光敏反应与~1O_2和OH无关,而与H_2O_2与O_2密切相关.     

叶卟啉衍生物对细胞膜和亚细胞器的光敏效应

叶卟啉衍生物(Chloroporphyrin deriva-tive,CPD_4)20mg·L~(-1)合并照光5min,产生显著光溶血。CPD_410ng·L~(-1)加光照10_(min),小鼠红细胞膜乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchEs)明显失活,CP_420mg·L~(-1)加光照10min,小鼠肝线粒体ATP酶和肝微粒体G—6—P酶显著受抑,CPD_410mg·L~(-1)加光照10min,小鼠红细胞膜脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)大大增加,CPD_4受光照激发后产生超氧阴离子自由基O_2 产量与CPD_4剂量和光照时间有关。     

胆红素对腹水型肝癌细胞生长及DNA合成的光敏作用

观察胆红素光敏反应对腹水型肝癌细胞ＤＮＡ的影响及其机理。细胞经１．０×１０＾５ｌｘ照光１０ｍｉｎ后加脱氧［＾３Ｈ］胸苷，测ＤＮＡ的合成。细胞用０．５％台盼兰染色后计数。胆红素光敏反应使细胞死亡率增加；ＤＮＡ合成明显受到抑制；且随浓度的增加和照光时间的延长而加剧。     

双香豆素对癌细胞的光敏反应及二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠的增敏作用

研究双香豆素（Ｄｉｃ）对肿瘤细胞的光敏反庆及二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠的增敏作用，结果：Ｄｉｃ４０，８０，１２０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－＾１光敏反应使腹水型肝癌细胞（ＨｅｐＡ）死亡率增加（５０％－７０．４％），照光组始终高于避光组３０％左右，照光组细胞ＤＮＡＷ合成抑制率（８１％－９３％）明显主避光组（１９％－５３％），且有浓度依赖性。避光组Ｄｉｒ对细胞也有轻微的扣内务 。结果论：Ｄｉｒ光敏反光对ＨｅｐＡ细胞有     

β胡萝卜素对皮肤光敏反应的对抗作用

β胡萝卜素能明显降低经光敏化处理小鼠的耳指数、皮指数和伊文思蓝渗出量,同时能使光敏反应皮肤中的前列腺素E_1和皮肤及血浆中的组织胺浓度降到接近正常水平。表明β胡萝卜素对光敏化所致的皮肤光敏反应有对抗作用,其抗光敏反应机制与降低皮肤或血浆中的前列腺素E_1及组胺等过敏介质可能有关。前列腺素合成酶抑制剂消炎痛及组胺H_1受体阻断剂苯海拉明对皮肤光敏反应也有一定对抗作用。     

几种国产光敏剂的光动力学效应、皮肤光敏副反应及毒性的比较研究

本文选用六项指标对国产3种光敏剂HPS、LF-019和Y-HPD与美国产的PhotofrinⅡ进行了光动力学效应、皮肤光敏副反应及毒性的比较研究。结果表明国产三种光敏剂光敏效应的主要指标均比PhotofinⅡ强。在三种光敏剂中,以Y-HPD的作用最好,除光敏副反应比HPS和LF 019明显外,‘从其它五项指标观察,如Y-HPD加照光对MGC-803细胞的杀伤作用,对L₆₁₅小鼠存活时间的影响;对L₁₂₁₀细胞核酸生物合成的影响;Y-HPD在L₁₂₁₀细胞内的含量,以及小鼠的LD₅₀,Y-HPD均比HPS和LF-019强。     

药物不良反应-光敏反应

药物光敏反应(photosensitivity)是病人在服用或局部使用某些药物后暴露于光源(通常为日光)产生的不良反应。包括光毒反应(phototoxic response)和光变态反应(photoallergic reaction)。两类光敏反应的不同在于发生机理、皮疹的发生及临床表现,光毒反应的发生率明显高于光变态反应。光敏反应在停药后通常具有迅速可逆性。 光毒反应是指药物吸收的光能在皮肤中释放能量导致皮肤损伤,与免疫反应无关,类似于烧伤。     

新生化颗粒药效学研究

目的:研究新生化颗粒活血、祛瘀等作用,并与原经典方生化丸进行比较.方法:分别用对未孕大鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩、小鼠断尾出血时间和凝血时间、角叉菜胶引致大鼠足跖肿胀、二甲苯引致小鼠耳廓肿胀、大鼠子宫内放置塑料管引致子宫炎症和醋酸诱导小鼠扭体反应等方法研究新生化颗粒对大鼠子宫收缩、止血、抗炎和镇痛等方面作用的影响.结果:新生化颗粒对大鼠子宫平滑肌有兴奋作用,可使子宫收缩强度、频率和活力明显增加,0.156×10-3g·ml-1剂量组对振幅变化百分率的响0.156×10-3,0.312×10-3,0.625×10-3,1.25,2.50×10-3g·ml-1剂量组对频率变化百分率的影响,及新生化颗粒对0.156×10-3,0.312×10-3g·ml-1剂量组对活力变化百分率的影响与生化丸比较(P<0.01或0.05),有显著统计学意义或统计学意义.新生化颗粒可以缩短小鼠断尾出血时间和凝血时间;可明显抑制角叉菜胶引致的大鼠足跖肿胀和二甲苯引致的小鼠耳廓肿胀,同时可明显减轻大鼠子宫炎症;对醋酸诱导的小鼠扭体反应具有明显抑制作用.结论:新生化颗粒具有温和的子宫收缩作用,使出血和凝血时间缩短,抑制急、慢性炎症反应及疼痛反应,药效优于原经典方生化丸.     

光毒反应及其检测模型

光毒反应是光敏中最常见的一种副反应.严重的光毒反应及其慢性改变对人体健康危害甚大.临床报道引起光毒反应的物质——光毒剂日益增多,光毒反应检测的实验模型研究已引起人们的重视.本文着重概述光毒反应的临床表现、分子机理以及其检测模型的应用等研究进展.光毒反应化学剂、药物或植物等物质与光相互作用引起皮肤的有害反应称为光敏反应.30年代末,Epstein在进行药物引起光敏反应的对     

Short incubation PDT versus 5-FU in treating actinic keratoses

The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using broad area treatment with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has not been compared to topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the treatment of actinic keratoses (AK). The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of PDT using short incubation time, broad area treatment with ALA plus activation with either blue light or laser light to topical 5-FU in the treatment of AK of the face and scalp. Thirty-six subjects with AK of either the face or scalp were randomized to receive either application of ALA for 1 hour followed by activation with blue light or pulsed dye laser or topical 5-FU. Efficacy was evaluated by grading AK lesions and photoaging signs. Tolerability was assessed by scoring crusting/erosions, erythema and stinging/burning. Treatment with PDT using ALA plus blue light was as effective as topical 5-FU in clearing AK. PDT using ALA plus laser light was the least effective treatment. All treatments made improvements in the signs of photoaging. Both PDT treatments were better tolerated than 5-FU. In conclusion, broad area PDT treatment with ALA plus activation with blue light appears to be as effective as 5-FU in the treatment of AK. ALA plus laser light is somewhat less effective than the above therapies. Efficacy could likely be improved with further study of laser parameters and incubation times.     

Near-Infrared Light-Sensitive Liposomes for the Enhanced Photothermal Tumor Treatment by the Combination with Chemotherapy

Purpose

To develop a near-infrared (NIR) light-sensitive liposome, which contains hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNS) and doxorubicin (DOX), and evaluate their potential utility for enhancing antitumor activity and controlling drug release.

Methods

The liposomes (DOX&HAuNS-TSL) were designed based on a thermal sensitive liposome (TSL) formulation, and hydrophobically modified HAuNS were attached onto the membrane of the liposomes. The behavior of DOX release from the liposomes was investigated by the dialysis, diffusion in agarose gel and cellular uptake of the drug. The biodistribution of DOX&HAuNS-TSL was assessed by i.v. injection in tumor-bearing nude mice. Antitumor efficacy was evaluated both histologically using excised tissue and intuitively by measuring the tumor size and weight.

Results

Rapid and repetitive DOX release from the liposomes (DOX&HAuNS-TSL), could be readily achieved upon NIR laser irradiation. The treatment of tumor cells with DOX&HAuNS-TSL followed by NIR laser irradiation showed significantly greater cytotoxicity than the treatment with DOX&HAuNS-TSL alone, DOX-TSL alone (chemotherapy alone) and HAuNS-TSL plus NIR laser irradiation (Photothermal ablation, PTA, alone). In vivo antitumor study indicated that the combination of simultaneous photothermal and chemotherapeutic effect mediated by DOX&HAuNS-TSL plus NIR laser presented a significantly higher antitumor efficacy than the PTA alone mediated by HAuNS-TSL plus NIR laser irradiation.

Conclusions

Our study could be as the valuable reference and direction for the clinical application of PTA in tumor therapy.     

Tetrahydroporphyrin-tetratosylate (THPTS)-based photodynamic inactivation of critical multidrug-resistant bacteria in vitro

BackgroundPhotodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising approach to treat multidrug-resistant infections. However, effectiveness of PDI is limited, particularly in Gram-negative bacteria. The use of photosensitizer (PS) 3,3′,3′′,3′′′-(7,8,17,18-tetrahydro-21H,23H-porphyrine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis[1-methyl-pyridinium]tetratosylate (THPTS) and laser light has led to very promising results. This study focuses on the effects of THPTS in various critical multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and explores the possibility of light-emitting diode (LED)-based activation as a clinically more feasible alternative to laser light.MethodsTHPTS was further chemically characterized and in vitro testing of PDI of different multidrug-resistant bacterial strains was performed under various experimental conditions, including varying drug concentration, incubation time, light source (laser and LED) and light intensity, by determination of viable bacteria after treatment. The effect of hyaluronic acid as an adjuvant for medical applications was also evaluated.ResultsBacterial density of all investigated bacterial strains was reduced by several orders of magnitude, irrespective of multidrug-resistance or hyaluronic acid addition. The effect was less intense in Gram-negative strains (disinfection), and more pronounced in Gram-positive strains (sterilization), even at reduced THPTS concentrations or decreased light treatment intensity. Controls without THPTS or without light treatment did not indicate reduced bacterial density.ConclusionsPDI with THPTS and laser light was effective in all investigated bacterial strains. Gram-negative strains were less, but sufficiently, susceptible to PDI. Adding hyaluronic acid did not reduce the antibacterial treatment effect. LED-based PDI is equally effective when illumination duration is increased to compensate for reduced light intensity.     

用自旋标记ESR波谱研究光照、血卟啉同脂质体膜的相互作用

本文以卵磷脂脂质体作为膜体系,以白光、红外激光和紫外激光为光源,用脂肪酸自旋标记ESR波谱研究了光照血卟啉和脂质体膜的相互作用。实验发现,光照血卟啉可以使脂质体膜通透性明显增加,红外激光和紫外激光增加更明显,紫外激光比红外激光作用更大。光照血卟啉也可以使脂质体膜中的脂肪酸自旋标记的ESR信号减小,说明发生了电子转移。光照血卟啉还可以使脂质体膜磷脂分子的有序度略有下降。     

大剂量干扰素局部注射对尖锐湿疣激光治疗后复发的预防作用

目的研究大剂量干扰素局部注射预防尖锐湿疣激光术后复发的疗效。方法治疗组用CO2激光联合大剂量干扰素局部注射治疗尖锐湿疣,对照组单独用激光治疗,并比较二者的疗效。结果治疗组的复发率为14%,对照组的复发率为46%,两组复发率相比差异有显著性(P<0.001)。结论大剂量干扰素局部注射,对预防尖锐湿疣激光术后复发具有重要临床意义。     

滤除白细胞与MB-P法病毒灭活对血浆生化指标的影响

目的探讨应用滤除白细胞及MB-P病毒灭活技术对血浆生化指标的影响。方法随机采集无偿献血合格者血液标本20份,400ml/份。将每份新鲜血浆在制备过程中平均分为试验组与对照组。所有标本同时进行相关生化指标检测。结果试验组经滤除白细胞后FRUC浓度、FHb及CO2增高明显,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。试验组经MB-P法病毒灭活后FRUC与P3+浓度明显增高,FHb下降较快,与对照组及病毒灭活后比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。其它生化指标变化不大。结论滤除白细胞及病毒灭活后的血浆制作,对血液生化指标影响均较小或轻,适用于临床输用血(浆)需求。     

复方丹参注射液湿敷联合氦氖激光治疗新生儿输液所致静脉炎的疗效及机制

目的观察复方丹参注射液湿敷联合氦氖激光治疗新生儿输液所致静脉炎的临床疗效及机制。方法采用随机分组的方法,将80例新生儿输液所致静脉炎患儿分为两组：复方丹参注射液湿敷联合氦氖激光治疗为治疗组（n=40）、50%硫酸镁湿敷联合氦氖激光治疗为对照组（n=40）进行5d的治疗,于治疗开始、第6天进行临床评估,同时检测血小板聚集率。结果治疗前,新生儿输液所致静脉炎患儿血小板聚集率均明显高于正常组（P〈0.01）;治疗5d后,治疗组的患儿显效率、总有效率均明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,同时治疗组患儿血小板聚集率较对照组显著下降（P〈0.05）,而对照组患儿治疗前后血小板聚集率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论复方丹参注射液湿敷联合氦氖激光治疗新生儿输液所致静脉炎效果优于50%硫酸镁湿敷联合氦氖激光治疗,值得在临床推广应用。复方丹参注射液能降低新生儿输液所致静脉炎患儿血小板聚集率,抑制效应可能是复方丹参注射液治疗新生儿输液所致静脉炎的重要机制。     

激光氧液辅助治疗婴儿痉挛症的疗效观察

目的观察激光氧液辅助治疗婴儿痉挛症(WS)的近期临床效果。方法将5%葡萄糖按患儿体重10 ml/kg放入DJF-IA型多功能激光血液治疗仪石英袋中,接受He-Ne激光照射15 min并充氧(3 L/min),在制成的充氧液中加入东莨菪碱0.01~0.05 mg/kg,静脉输给患儿,1次/d,10 d为1疗程,同时保留原有的抗癫痫药物治疗。结果治疗前WS患儿发作频度为30 561次/月,激光氧液辅助治疗后为3938次/月,较原基线平均下降87.11%(P<0.01);有效率为90.63%(29/32)。结论激光氧液辅助治疗WS近期疗效较为满意,无明显不良反应。     

NIR light-induced tumor phototherapy using photo-stable ICG delivery system based on inorganic hybrid

NIR responsive inorganic hybrid (Ti@GO) was synthesized. It could absorb NIR light and convert it into local hyperthermia and ROS synchronously. Ti@GO was firstly developed as a photosensitizer and a photothermal agent to realize tumor PTT and PDT. For anti-tumor application, HA was grafted on Ti@GO simultaneously as water solubility improver and tumor targeting moiety. ICG was chosen as a model drug. Results demonstrated that HA-Ti@GO could remarkably improve ICG stability and drug accumulation in 4T1 cells, enhance tumor phototherapy efficiency and reduce light-associated side effects. HA-Ti@GO/ICG under NIR laser irradiation showed a significant decreased cell viability of 20.7 ± 2.6% and a high DNA damage degree of 82.4 ± 8.3%. Moreover, in vivo results showed that HA-Ti@GO/ICG plus NIR laser achieved almost complete tumor regression on 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, with a tumor volume of 67.0 mm³. Taken together, our study provided a promising strategy to realize synergistic PTT/PDT tumor therapy with a single NIR light.