HPLC法测定苦参总碱中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定苦参总碱中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量。方法:采用 Elite Hypersil NH_2柱(5μm,250mm×4.6 mm),乙腈-无水乙醇-3%磷酸溶液(81:10:9)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长220 nm,柱温:25℃,进样量:10 μL。结果:苦参碱、氧化苦参碱的线性范围分别为5.32～53.2μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9997),65.7～525.6μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9995)。苦参碱平均加样回收率为99.5%,RSD=1.0%(n=6);氧化苦参碱的平均加样回收率为99.7%,RSD=0.6%(n=6)。结论:本方法操作简便、快速、可靠,可用于控制苦参总碱质量。     

心律宁片中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量测定

目的:建立心律宁片中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱含量的测定方法。方法:色谱柱为Alltima Amino(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-无水乙醇-3%磷酸溶液(80:10:10),检测波长为220nm,流速为1.0ml·min~(-1);柱温:室温。结果:苦参碱线性范围是0.168μg～3.360μg,r=0.999 7,氧化苦参碱线性范围是0.124μg～2.480μg,r=0.999 3,苦参碱及氧化苦参碱的平均回收率分别为101.1%(RSD=1.22%)和100.2%(RSD=1.91%)(n=6)。结论:方法快速简便,重复性良好,可用于测定心律宁片中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量。     

RP-HPLC测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量

目的:建立测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦生碱含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Phenomsil-C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.05 mol·L~(-1)磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈(92:8),检测波长220 nm,流速1.0 ml·min(-1)。结果:氧化苦参碱的线性范围为50～400μg·ml~(-1)(r=0.999 9)平均回收率为98.65%,RSD=1.50%。结论:该法简便,快速,准确。     

RP—HPLC法测定苦参素胶囊的含量和有关物质

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定苦参素胶囊中氧化苦参碱的含量和有关物质的量。方法:采用 C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.0 mm,5μm);以0.05 mol·L~(-1)磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调 pH 至3.5)-甲醇(83:17)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长215 nm。结果:在建立的色谱条件下,氧化苦参碱与杂质能完全分离。氧化苦参碱线性范围为40.0～200μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9999)。结论:所用方法简便、准确,专属性好。     

离子对RP-HPLC同时测定复方苦参注射液中氧化苦参碱、槐果碱和苦参碱的含量

目的:建立同时测定复方苦参注射液中氧化苦参碱、槐果碱和苦参碱含量的方法。方法:采用离子对RP-HPLC法,色谱柱为Diamonsi C18(2)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-甲醇-水(35∶10∶55,水相中含5.5%磷酸和1.5%SDS),流速1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长220 nm,柱温为室温。结果:氧化苦参碱、槐果碱和苦参碱分别在9.92～99.2μg.mL-1(r=0.9991,n=5)、4.08～32.64μg.mL-1(r=0.9993,n=5)和20.16～161.28μg.mL-1(r=0.9996,n=5)范围内呈良好线性关系;平均回收率(n=6)分别为98.9%(RSD=1.2%),99.5%(RSD=1.4%)和100.2%(RSD=1.0%)。结论:本文建立的测定方法可应用于复方苦参注射液质量评价。     

RP—HPLC法测定田基黄中异巴西红厚壳素的含量

目的:建立测定田基黄中异巴西红厚壳素含量的方法。方法:采用 RP-HPLC 法,色谱柱为 Diamonsil C_(18)(200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);以乙腈-甲醇-水-磷酸(45:15:50:0.05)为流动相;流速为1.0 mL·min~(-1);柱温为室温;检测波长为254 nm。结果:异巴西红厚壳素浓度在5.01～80.2 μg·mL~(-1)范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r=0.9999(n=5);平均回收率为97.5%(n=9)。结论:本方法简便、快速、准确,可用于田基黄中异巴西红厚壳素的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定止痢宁片中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的含量

采用高效液相法同时测定止痢宁片中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量.以Allttima Amino 100A为色谱柱,流动相乙腈-无水乙醇-3%磷酸(781111),流速0.8mL·min-1,检测波长220nm.苦参碱的线性范围0.493～1.479μg,r=0.9997;氧化苦参碱的线性范围0.2054～0.7512μg,r=0.9994.平均加样回收率苦参碱为96.53%,RSD=1.83%;氧化苦参碱为95.02%,RSD=1.96%.本方法简便,专属,精密度好,分离效果好.     

HPLC法测定复方对乙酰氨基酚片中对乙酰氨基酚、乙酰水杨酸及咖啡因的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定复方对乙酰氨基酚片中对乙酰氨基酚、乙酰水杨酸及咖啡因的含量。方法:采用 Li-chrospher C_(18)(5 μm,4.6 mm×250 mm)色谱柱,以甲醇-水-冰醋酸(40:60:0.3)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长272 nm,柱温35℃。结果:对乙酰氨基酚线性范围为19.93～199.32μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998),平均回收率(n=9)为99.2%;乙酰水杨酸线性范围为36.00～359.96μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9999),平均同收率(n=9)为99.7%;咖啡因线性范围为4.90～49.04μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998),平均同收率(n=9)为98.8%。结论:方法简使,结果准确,适用于该产品的质量控制。     

HPLC测定风湿安泰片中马钱子碱和士的宁的含量

目的:采用反相高效液相色谱法测定风湿安泰片中士的宁和马钱子碱的含量。方法:采用 Hypersil BDS C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),保护柱(4.6 mm×12 mm);乙腈-0.3%三乙胺溶液(磷酸调 pH=2.6)(10:90)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL·min~(-1),柱温:室温,检测波长:254 nm。结果:士的宁在4.6～46μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998),马钱子碱在2.65～26.5μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998)范围内呈良好的线性关系,士的宁的平均回收率(n=5)为101.1%,RSD 为2.8%;马钱子碱的平均回收率(n=5)为99.6%,RSD 为2.9%。结论:本方法准确、简便、快速,适用于风湿安泰片的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定复方苦参素胶囊中苦参碱的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定复方苦参素胶囊中苦参碱的含量。方法:以 Hypersil C_8色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)为色谱柱,柱温25℃,用甲醇-水-三乙胺(45:55:0.02)为流动相,流速0.8mL·min~(-1)。进样量10μL,于220nm 波长处,以外标法测定。结果:苦参碱在10.7～161.0μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999)。平均回收率为99.6%。结论:本方法灵敏、简便、准确。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.