髋关节损伤的护理注意事项

随着医疗技术及人们对生活质量要求的提高,手术作为治疗髋关节损伤疾病的常用方法,其术后的康复护理对手术的效果起着十分重要的作用。由于手术创伤大,术后康复慢,因此,做好术前及术后的康复护理是手术成功的重要环节,争取早日下床活动,减少并发症。     

人工全髋关节置换术的护理

人工全髋关节置换术是重建髋关节功能的主要手段。近年来随着置换假体技术的改进和水平的提高，髋关节置换的疗效明显提高，我院自2000年10月～2003年11月对36例患者实施了人工全舰关节置换术，现将护理体会总结如下。     

全髋关节置换术32例护理体会

1　临床资料32例患者中,男19例,女13例,年龄54～75岁。其中髋关节骨性关节炎7例,陈旧性股骨骨折、股骨头坏死继发严重骨关节炎14例,股骨头无菌性坏死、股骨头严重变形、塌陷继发髋关节骨性关节炎11例。2　术前护理2.1　心理护理　护理人员应耐心做好解释工作,讲解手术的目的及必要性,并介绍医护人员对手术计划的周密安排,消除患者的恐惧心理,鼓励患者树立战胜疾病的信心和勇气,主动配合治疗和护理。2.2　术前检查　术前协助医生做好各种检查,包括血常规、尿常规、出凝血时间、肝功、心电图等。2.3　对术前骨牵引患者的护理　对陈旧性骨折需…     

全髋关节置换术髋关节脱位的临床护理要点分析

目的分析全髋关节置换术髋关节脱位的临床护理要点。方法收集我院自2015年2月至2016年2月期间所收治的58例全髋关节置换术患者,将其依据计算机表法均分为观察组与对照组,每组患者例数为29例。在两组患者的护理过程中均应用常规护理干预,在护理观察组患者时增加整体护理干预,将两组患者行不同护理干预的护理效果进行对比分析。结果经对应性干预后,观察组患者发生髋关节脱位的概率显著低于对照组,P值<0.05,差异存在统计学意义。结论在全髋关节置换术髋关节脱位患者的护理过程中应用整理护理干预的护理效果较显著,可显著降低患者发生髋关节脱位的概率,值得在临床上推广。     

人工全髋关节置换术后“三防”,“四观察”的 体会

人工全髋关节置换术后“三防”、“四观察”的体会福州市第二医院陈翎人工关节置换术是利用手术方法将一种类似人体骨关节的假体置换被疾病或损伤所破坏的关节面。此手术给机体造成的创伤较大，术中需切除部分骨质，术后并发症较多，护理难度大。因此，我们除了做好常规护...     

探讨护理干预对髋关节置换术后老年患者髋关节功能恢复的影响

目的:观察并分析护理干预在人工全髋关节置换术后对老年患者的髋关节功能的具体影响。方法:选取80例老年骨折患者,所有患者均行人工全髋关节置换术治疗,依据围手术期护理方法的不同将其列入观察组与对照组,每组40例。对照组行常规护理,在对照组基础上,观察组行全面护理。结果:护理后,观察组髋关节功能评分为(73.3±5.5)分,日常生活能力评分为(64.4±6.9)分,并发症的发生率为7.5%,满意度为95.0%,对照组髋关节功能评分为(52.6±6.5)分,日常生活能力评分为(45.5±7.4)分,并发症的发生率为35.0%,满意度为77.5%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在人工全髋关节置换术前后对患者应用全面护理干预能够有效地改善患者的髋关节功能和日常生活能力,有利于降低并发症的发生率,提高患者的满意度。     

人工全髋关节置换术的护理

人工全髋关节置换术是用人造髋关节代替已无法正常使用的病损髋关节，解决疼痛、畸形和功能障碍，恢复和改善髋关节运动功能的手术。2006年1月至2007年12月，我科对42例人工全髋关节置换术患者进行系统的护理，取得良好的效果。现报告如下。1临床资料本组42例，男17例，女25例，年龄47～81岁，平均58．5岁，股骨颈骨折27例，股骨头无菌性坏死11例，髋臼发育不良4例。     

髋关节置换术30例护理体会

<正>人工髋关节置换术(THR)是治疗股骨颈骨折、股骨头无菌性坏死的的有效方法[1]。THR术后康复治疗和功能训练是否得当直接影响手术效果的好坏。如护理不当或者功能锻炼方法不正确,容易造成关节功能障碍,我院自2013年6月至2013年12月共施行THR30例,功能良好,无异常发生。现将护理体会报道如下。     

人工髋关节置换术的康复护理

人工髋关节置换术是目前治疗髋关节疾患的有效手术方法之一，有关资料统计全世界每年约进行髋关节置换术200万例，为众多髋关节伤病患者解除了痛苦，提高了他们的生活质量。随着科学技术的不断创新，人工髋关节性能越来越好，手术也越来越完善，但这些都不能代替和减少术前术后的康复训练，只有积极适当的功能锻炼，才能达到最佳效果。具体指导方法如下：     

卡马西平联用尼美舒利相关粒细胞缺乏症

1例78岁男性患者因带状疱疹神经痛、慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并感染,给予头孢唑肟钠（2.25 g静脉滴注,1次/d）、卡马西平（0.2 g口服,2次/d）、尼美舒利（100 mg口服,2次/d）、二羟丙茶碱（0.5 g静脉滴注,1次/d）、甲钴胺（0.5 mg口服,3次/d）、地塞米松（5 mg,静脉滴注1次）、盐酸哌替啶（25 mg,肌内注射1次）和盐酸布桂嗪（100 mg,肌内注射3次）等药物治疗。第7天,停用头孢唑肟钠,改为磷霉素钠（8 g静脉滴注,1次/d）。第11天,血常规检查示白细胞计数1.6×10^9/L,中性粒细胞0.03,中性粒细胞绝对值0.1×10^9/L,淋巴细胞绝对值0.9×10^9/L。立即停用所有药物,给予对症支持治疗。第15天,外周血白细胞计数0.9×10^9/L,中性粒细胞0.02,中性粒细胞绝对值0.1×10^9/L,淋巴细胞绝对值0.7×10^9/L。行骨髓穿刺检查,诊断为粒细胞缺乏症。第17天患者出现右肺气胸、肺不张。第20天出现急性呼吸衰竭、多脏器衰竭合并重症感染,经抢救无效死亡。     

颅脑损伤患者并发肺部感染的护理体会

目的：为了使并发肺部感染的病人更多、更好、更早的痊愈。方法：通过对32例颅脑外伤并发肺部感染病人的严密观察,采取更换体位、超声雾化、有效排痰训练等有效的护理措施干预,从而控制了肺部感染。结果：痊愈17例,占53.1%;显效12例,占37.5%,无效2例,占6.2%;死亡1例,占3.1%;实践证明,有效的护理干预对提高患者治疗成功率有着重要意义。     

甘草酸单铵结合氦-氖激光治疗银屑病62例

目的用甘草酸单铵结合低能量氦-氖激光,观察治疗银屑病患者。方法62例寻常型银屑病患者,分为两组,A组用低能量氦-氖激光血管内照射,同时用甘草酸单铵静脉滴注,共36例;B组仅用甘草酸单铵,共26例。通过30d治疗。结果总有效率82.2%,其中A组有效率88.9%,B组73.1%(经Ridit检验,U＝2.76,P＜0.01),两组差异有极显著性意义。结论甘草酸单铵结合氦-氖激光治疗银屑病,比单用甘草酸单铵效果好。     

Genomic profiling associated with recurrence in patients with rectal cancer treated with chemoradiation

PURPOSE: Stage II and III adenocarcinoma of the rectum has an overall 5-year survival rate of approximately 50%, and tumor recurrence remains a major problem despite an improvement in local control through chemotherapy and radiation. The efficacy of chemoradiation therapy may be significantly compromised as a result of interindividual variations in clinical response and host toxicity. Therefore, it is imperative to identify those patients who will benefit from chemoradiation therapy and those who will develop recurrent disease. In this study, we tested whether a specific pattern of 21 polymorphisms in 18 genes involved in the critical pathways of cancer progression (i.e., drug metabolism, tumor microenvironment, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair) will predict the risk of tumor recurrence in rectal cancer patients treated with chemoradiation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 90 patients with Stage II or III rectal cancer treated with chemoradiation were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques for 21 polymorphisms. RESULTS: A polymorphism in interleukin (IL)-8 was individually associated with risk of recurrence. Classification and regression tree analysis of all polymorphisms and clinical variables developed a risk tree including the following variables: node status, IL-8, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, transforming growth factor-beta, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 4. CONCLUSION: Genomic profiling may help to identify patients who are at high risk for developing tumor recurrence, and those who are more likely to benefit from chemoradiation therapy. A larger prospective study is needed to validate these preliminary data using germline polymorphisms on tumor recurrences in rectal cancer patients treated with chemoradiation.     

Satisfaction with information and its relationship with adherence in patients with chronic pain

□ Due to the nature of chronic pain it would be expected that patients are highly adherent to their pain medication. However, results from this study have shown that 23 per cent of patients often or always avoid using their pain medication, 13.4 per cent often or always alter dosages, and 10.3 per cent often or always stop taking their medication for a while. This suggests intentional non‐adherence to pain medication □ Less than 50 per cent of respondents were satisfied with information provided on side effects, what to do if side effects occur, and possible interactions with other medication □ Patients' satisfaction with information about their medication was related to self‐reported adherence; greater satisfaction was associated with higher self‐reported adherence     

A fetus with meckel-gruber syndrome associated with isomerism

Abstract. Meckel-Gruber syndrome (MKS) is an autosomal recessive lethal malformation. As far as we know, the rate of incidence for the syndrome is 0.02 per 10,000 births. It is estimated that Meckel-Gruber syndrome accounts for 5% of all neural tube defects in Finland. Objective. The aim of this study is to present a case of a fetus with Meckel-Gruber syndrome associated with complete left isomerism. Method. The fetus was obtained after medical interruption of the pregnancy during the fifteenth gestational week. The mother was 36 years old and in a consanguineous marriage. The antenatal ultrasound examination revealed a polymalformative syndrome, leading to a postmortem examination. The fetopathological study of the fetus was conducted at the Centre for Maternity and Neonatology, Tunis, Tunisia, in 2008. Results. The female fetus had a significantly deformed ballooning abdomen, pes equinovarus, flexion of the wrist and a total posterior cleft palate. The central nervous system abnormalities were occipital encephalocele, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, agenesis of corpus callosum and hydrocephalus. The study of the internal organs found dextrocardia, irregular lobulation of the lungs, left isomerism, and polysplenia. The microscopic examination revealed bilateral cystic dilation of the kidneys, fibrous proliferation of the liver and ectasic dilatation of the billiary ducts, representing a ductal plate malformation of the liver. Conclusion. The case is diagnosed with Meckel-Gruber syndrome associated with complete left isomerism, cleft palate and possibly Dandy-Walker syndrome.     

日舒安洗剂治疗皮肤病353例

目的：观察日舒安洗剂对湿疹、皮炎等皮肤病的疗效及对皮肤常见致病菌的抑菌效果。方法：针日舒安洗剂按：１０用温开水稀释后清洗或坐浴,ｂｉｄ,５￣１０ｍｉｎ／次,７￣１０ｄ为１个疗程。结果：有效率８３．３％,并对白色念珠菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,红色毛癣菌,淋球菌作体外抗菌试验,均有不同程度的抑菌作用,治疗中未见过敏或刺激现象。结论：在同类产品中,日舒安价格低廉,值得推广应用。