Marine peptides and related compounds in clinical trial

Advances in the sophisticated instruments for the isolation and characterization of marine natural products, and development in the biological assay systems, have resulted in the discovery of various compounds of biomedical application. Marine natural products have been a source of new leads for the treatment of many deadly diseases such as cancer, acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) etc. The compounds of marine origin are diverse in structural class from simple linear peptides to complex macrocyclic polyethers. Number of marine peptides have been isolated in recent years which exhibit potent biological activities, and many of the compounds showed promising anticancer activity. Didemnin was the first marine peptide that entered in human clinical trials in US for the treatment of cancer, and other anticancer peptides such as kahalalide F, hemiasterlin, dolastatins, cemadotin, soblidotin, didemnins and aplidine have entered in the clinical trials. Clinical status of anticancer marine derived peptides have been discussed and reviewed.     

海洋药物研究开发进展

新颖结构和重要生物活性天然产物的发现是创新药物开发的关键要素。海洋生物资源以其多样性、复杂性、特殊性成为新药研发中先导化合物的重要来源,截止目前基于海洋天然产物或其衍生物开发而成功上市的药物有16种,进入III期、II期、I期临床研究的活性物质分别有8、14、7种,而折戟于临床阶段的有4种;本文对其生物来源、作用机理、临床研究进展作了简要概述,期待海洋药物学科能更快、更好地发展,产生更多新药,为人类重大疾病的治疗做出重大贡献。     

Anticancer agent-based marine natural products and related compounds

Marine natural products constitute a huge reservoir of anticancer agents. Consequently during the past decades, several marine anticancer compounds have been isolated, identified, and approved for anticancer treatment or are under trials. In this article the sources, structure, bioactivities, mode of actions, and analogs of some promising marine and derived anticancer compounds have been discussed.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域。近年来,从海洋微生物（海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌）分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性。本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述。     

海绵的生物活性研究新进展

海洋物种是生物多样性的来源,能够产生结构多样、生物活性多样的次生代谢物。海绵是其中最丰富的天然产物来源,其药理活性丰富,具有极高的临床应用价值,被认为是药物宝库。目前人们已经发现其具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节等生物活性。多年来,对海绵的化学成分研究较多,但对其丰富的生物活性研究相对较少。对海绵次生代谢物的生物活性研究现状进行综述,以期发现活性较好的化合物,为新药开发提供依据。此外,还从药物开发领域对进入临床实验的海绵衍生化合物成药性、成本效益等进行讨论。     

海洋天然产物研究与新药开发

近年来海洋天然产物越来越引起科学家们的关注。在浩瀚的海洋中存在着大量超乎人们想象的化学结构新颖、生物活性多样、作用机制独特的次生代谢产物。海洋天然产物已成为发现重要先导药物的主要源泉。本文主要探讨近年来发现的重要的海洋天然活性产物以及在新药开发中所起的作用。     

玫瑰茄的药理作用于临床应用

玫瑰茄广泛分布于全球热带和亚热带地区.其花药食两用,富含维生素C、氨基酸、有机酸、黄酮类、花青苷类等多种成分,亦作为天然色素的资源植物.玫瑰茄除具有消除疲劳、清热解暑的功效外,还具有降压、调血脂、抗肥胖、保肝、抗糖尿病并发症等多种药理作用,用于心脏病、神经疾病和癌症等的治疗.综述了玫瑰茄的药理作用及临床研究进展,为其广泛应用提供参考.     

BIOACTIVE ALKYLPYRIDINIUM COMPOUNDS FROM MARINE SPONGES

Marine sponges are a rich source of structurally novel and biologically active molecules. Among them is a class of alkylpyridinium compounds commonly found in sponges belonging to the order Haplosclerida. Alkylpyridinium compounds exert several biological activities and are therefore interesting as potential therapeutics. This review presents most alkylpyridinium and some other pyridinium compounds that have been isolated from marine sponges so far. The compounds are listed according to their basic structural types with indications of their biological properties and their possible significance in sponge taxonomy.     

Anticancer agents from marine sponges

Marine sponges are currently one of the richest sources of anticancer active compounds found in the marine ecosystems. More than 5300 different known metabolites are from sponges and their associated microorganisms. To survive in the complicated marine environment, most of the sponge species have evolved chemical means to defend against predation. Such chemical adaptation produces many biologically active secondary metabolites including anticancer agents. This review highlights novel secondary metabolites in sponges which inhibited diverse cancer species in the recent 5 years. These natural products of marine sponges are categorized based on various chemical characteristics.     

Drugs from the deep: marine natural products as drug candidates

In recent years, marine natural product bioprospecting has yielded a considerable number of drug candidates. Most of these molecules are still in preclinical or early clinical development but some are already on the market, such as cytarabine, or are predicted to be approved soon, such as ET743 (Yondelis). Research into the ecology of marine natural products has shown that many of these compounds function as chemical weapons and have evolved into highly potent inhibitors of physiological processes in the prey, predators or competitors of the marine organisms that use them. Some of the natural products isolated from marine invertebrates have been shown to be, or are suspected to be, of microbial origin and this is now thought to be the case for the majority of such molecules. Marine microorganisms, whose immense genetic and biochemical diversity is only beginning to be appreciated, look likely to become a rich source of novel chemical entities for the discovery of more effective drugs.     

Biological importance of marine algae

Marine organisms are potentially prolific sources of highly bioactive secondary metabolites that might represent useful leads in the development of new pharmaceutical agents. Algae can be classified into two main groups; first one is the microalgae, which includes blue green algae, dinoflagellates, bacillariophyta (diatoms)… etc., and second one is macroalgae (seaweeds) which includes green, brown and red algae. The microalgae phyla have been recognized to provide chemical and pharmacological novelty and diversity. Moreover, microalgae are considered as the actual producers of some highly bioactive compounds found in marine resources. Red algae are considered as the most important source of many biologically active metabolites in comparison to other algal classes. Seaweeds are used for great number of application by man. The principal use of seaweeds as a source of human food and as a source of gums (phycocollides). Phycocolloides like agar agar, alginic acid and carrageenan are primarily constituents of brown and red algal cell walls and are widely used in industry.     

Pharmacologically prospective antibiotic agents and their sources: A marine microbial perspective

Marine microbes have been a storehouse of bioactive metabolites with tremendous potential as drug candidates. Marine microorganism derived secondary metabolites (chemical compounds/peptides) are considered to be a burning area of research since recent past. Many of such compounds have been proven to be anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-algal, anti-HIV, anti-helminthic, anti-protozoan, anti-tumor and anti-allergic agents. Marine bacteria and fungi have been reported to be the producers of such compounds owing to their defense mechanisms and metabolic by products. Although the number of natural products isolated from these classes of marine microbial flora is large, a limited number of such compounds reach the clinical trial and even less number of them get approved as a drug. Here we discuss the recent studies on the isolation, characterization and the pharmacological significances of anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-infective agents of marine microbial origin. Further, the clinical status of such compounds has also been discussed in comparison with those derived from their terrestrial counterparts.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.     

海洋微生物抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展

海洋微生物因其特殊的生存环境而具有产生新型生物活性物质的巨大潜力,从海洋微生物中寻找和开发抗肿瘤药物是一个前途广阔的新领域.近年来,从海洋微生物(海洋放线菌、真菌和细菌)分离鉴定了许多结构新颖的抗肿瘤活性物质,这些化合物显示了良好的抗肿瘤生物活性.本文就近几年从海洋微生物中分离得到的抗肿瘤活性物质的研究进展作了综述.