三维腔内超声在多囊卵巢综合征诊断中的应用

To evaluate the application of intracavitary three-dimensional ultrasonography in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS). The three-dimensional volumes of ovary were measured by intracavitary ultrasonography in 40 PCOS patients and 40 normal controls. The diagnostic value of parameters derived from three-dimensional ultrasonography was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The ovarian volume, stromal volume, and the stromal/total volume ratio in PCOS group were significantly higher than those in control group (both P ＜ 0. 05 ) ; the area under ROC curve ( AUC ) of them were 0. 876, 0. 926, 0. 886 respectively. Among these parameters, stromal volume had the highest diagnostic value for PCOS, the cut-off value of which was 7.52 cm3 with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 90%. Volume parameters of ovary measured by intracavitary three-dimensional ultrasonography can offer quantitative information for the diagnosis of PCOS.     

The value of pulse wave velocity in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease

Objective: Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve to evaluate the value of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: By using coronary angiography as golden diagnostic standard of CHD, 218 patients were divided into both CHD group (n=121) and non-CHD group (n = 97). All these patients received PWV test. The efficacy of PWV of each artery segments in the diagnosis of CHD was evaluated by ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated with the golden diagnostic standard of CHD. Results:The PWV of right carotid to femoral artery (Rc-f), left carotid to femoral artery (Lc-f), right radial to carotid artery (Rc-r), left radial to carotid artery (Lc-r) in CHD group were significantly higher than that of non-CHD group (9. 31±1. 75 vs 7.60±1.59, P<0. 01; 9. 02±1.71 vs 7. 52±1.50, P<0. 01; 8. 69±1. 37 vs 8. 00±1. 27, P<0. 01; 8.52±1. 03 vs 8. 03±1. 2, P<0. 01 respectively). However, the PWV of both right and left femoral to ankle artery (Rf-a and Lf-a) had no significant differences between the two groups. We then compared the area under curve (AUC) of each ROC(AUCROC) of PWV of Rc-f, Lc-f Rc-r and Lc-r to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy for CHD. We found that AUCROC of Rc-f PWV was the biggest (AUCROC = 0. 818), at the peak point of its ROC curve, the PWV was 8. 32 m/s. PWV>8. 32 m/s of Rc-f could predict the presence of CHD with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 77%. Conclusion: The PWV of Rc-f, Lc-f, Rc-r, Lc-r are significantly higher in CHD group than that in non-CHD group, and PWV of Rc-f is the most accurate in the detection of CHD. The PWV>8. 32 m/s of RC-F is a valuable predictor of CHD.     

高低频超声显像在急腹症诊断中的应用

目的 探讨高低频超声显像在急腹症中的诊断价值.方法 对130例急腹症患者进行超声检查,并经临床证实.结果 130例急腹症中,超声显像符合126例,符合率为96.9%;不符合4例,占3.1%.结论 高低频超声联合应用在急腹症诊断中有重要价值. Abstract： Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of high and low frequency ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute abdominal disease. Methods One hundred and thirty patients of acute abdominal disease were examined by high and low frequency ultrasonography. The patients were proved by clinical diagnosis. Results In 130 patients of acute abdominal disease,126 patients'ultrasound diagnosis were accurate, the diagnositic accuracy rate was 96.9%. Four patients' ultrasound diagnosis were not accurate,the diagnositic error rate was 3.1%. Conclusions High and low frequency ultrasonography have important value in diagnosis of acute abdominal disease.     

Relationship between serum vasoactive factors and plaque morphology in patients with non-ST-segment elevated acute coronary syndrome

Background Vasoactive factors have been reported to correlate with vulnerable plaque and acute coronary syndrome （ACS）. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vasoactive factors and plaque morphology in patients suffering from non-ST-segment elevated ACS. Methods From April 2007 to April 2009, 124 consecutive patients suffering from non-ST-segment elevated ACS who had received coronary angiography （CAG） and intravascular ultrasound （IVUS） in the People＇s Liberation Army General Hospital and Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled in this study. Three serum vasoactive factors, plasma soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 （sFIt-1）, placental growth factor （PLGF） and interleukin-18 （IL-18）, were measured by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay of the patients. The levels of vasoactive factors were compared between vulnerable plaque group and stable plaque group, and between unstable angina pectoris （UAP） group and non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction （NSTE-AMI） group. The relationship between the plaque morphology and levels of vasoactive factors was analyzed. Results The levels of vasoactive factors were similar between the UAP group （69 patients） and NSTE-AMI group （55 patients）. The levels of sFIt-1 and PLGF in the vulnerable plaque group were significantly higher than those in the stable plaque group. The level of IL-18 was correlated positively with plaque morphology. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the level of PLGF was an independent risk factor for vulnerable plaque （OR=2.115, 95%Cl 1.415-5.758, P=0.018）. Using the ROC curve, PLGF was a significant factor for the diagnosis of vulnerable plaque （the diagnostic point was 26.3 ng/L, the proportion of square area under the ROC curve was 0.799, 95%C/0.758-0.839, P 〈0.001 ; the sensitivity of PLGF under the ROC curve was 86%, and the specificity 63%）. Conclusion Both IL-18 and PLGF are biomarkers for vulnerable plaques and helpful to predict vulnerable plaque.     

Endoscopic miniprobe ultrasonography in diagnosis of carcinomas and submucosal tumors of large intestine

Objective To assess the value of endoscopic miniprobe ultrasonography in the diagnosis of carcinomas and submucosal tumors of the large intestine.Methods A total of 96 patients with carcinomas and submucosal tumors of the large intestine were given colonoscopic ultrasonography with a miniprobe(Olympus UM-2R,12MHz;UM-3R,20MHz)from December,2000 to January,2002.Results Carcinomas of the large intestine of 81 patients appeared as a hypoechoic mass under endoscopic ultrasonography,by which 67 patients(82.7?were accurately diagnosed as having infiltrated colorectal carcinomas.The sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was 55.4?while the specificity was 68.8?The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 0.88 and 0.28,respectively,All 15 cases with submucosal tumors were diagnosed correctly under endoscopic ultrasonography except for one leiomyoma,which was misdiagnosed as leiomyosarcoma.Conclusions Endoscopic miniprobe ultrasonography has a high accuracy in determining the invasion depth of carcinomas of the large intestine and the diagnosis of submucosal tumors.The pre-operative endoscopic ultrasonography may provide valuable information and influence the choice of therapy for carcinomas and submucosal tumors of the large intestine.     

Study on Diagnosis Criteria of Fire-Heat Syndrome Based on Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve and Principal Component Analysis

Objective: To establish the diagnostic quantitative criteria for fire-heat syndrome(FHS) of Chinese medicine(CM) based on the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and principal component analysis(PCA). Methods: The symptoms and signs of FHS cases and healthy subjects from Guangzhou, Henan and Hunan of China were collected through questionnaire, and the diagnostic quantitative score tables were established for the three regions, respectively, with the method of maximum likelihood analysis. The homogeneity test was then performed on the diagnostic score tables for the three regions with ROC curve, and the diagnostic efficiency of diagnostic score tables for the three regions was compared with the prospective test and retrospective test. The method of PCA was adopted to obtain the analysis matrix for classifying the tapes of FHS. Results: Twenty-seven elements of FHS were confirmed through Chi-square test, and the diagnostic score tables for the three regions were established with the method of maximum likelihood analysis on the basis of the collected case data. According to the ROC curve test, the areas under ROC curve of Guangzhou diagnostic score table assessment with candidates in Guangzhou, Henan and Hunan were 0.998, 0.961 and 0.956, respectively. It showed that the diagnostic efficiency of Guangzhou diagnostic score tables was the highest one. With the prospective test, the area under ROC of Guangzhou diagnostic score table was 0.949, and more than any other diagnostic score table. By PCA, FHS was classified into excess fire and deficiency fire, and then classified into syndrome of flaring up of Heart(Xin) fire, syndrome of Lung(Fei)-Stomach(Wei) excess fire, syndrome of deficiency of Liver(Gan)-yin and Kidney(Shen)-yin, and syndrome of deficiency of Lung-yin from the view of viscera. In the retrospective test, the consistency with clinicians’ diagnosis was 69.4%, and in the prospective test, it was 70.1%. Conclusions: The Guangzhou diagnostic score table could be used as the recommended criteria for the diagnosis of FHS. The classification of FHS was basically in conformity with the clinical situation.     

Application of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Computerized Tomography in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

In order to investigate the application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy （ill-MRS） and computerized tomography （CT） in the quantitative diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and evaluation of therapeutic effects, 22 patients with NAFLD were selected according to the Chinese Medical Association＇s （CMA） standard of the NAFLD in comparison with 20 healthy volunteers （as control group）. Blood samples for biochemistry were collected. The severity of hepatosteatosis was evaluated by ^1H-MRS scan and CT scan of liver. The intrahepatic content of lipid （IHCL） and CT value ratio of liver to spleen were calculated. The patients in NAFLD group were treated with Ganzhixiao Capsule for 8 weeks. The changes in IHCL and CT value ratio of liver to spleen were observed before and after treatment. In NAFLD group serum ALT, TG, IHCL calculated by ^1HMRS were increased and CT value ratio of liver to spleen decreased significantly as compared with control group. After treatment for 8 weeks serum ALT, TG, IHCL were decreased significantly, while CT value ratio of liver to spleen increased significantly in NAFLD group. It was suggested that IHCL could be measured precisely by ^1HMRS. NAFLD was treated effectively by Ganzhixiao capsule.     

改良缺血修饰性白蛋白测定法在诊断早期心肌梗死中的应用

目的 评价改良缺血修饰性白蛋白(IMA)测定方法对心肌梗死的早期诊断价值.方法 研究84例胸痛病人,其中确诊急性心肌梗死病人43例,胸痛对照组41例,所有病人均在发病6 h内抽血,用改良钴-白蛋白结合法测定缺血修饰性白蛋白,结果用吸光度大小表示;利用ROC曲线来评价IMA诊断AMI的阀值.结果 AMI组IMA吸光度值为(1.195±0.320),胸痛组IMA吸光度为(0.855±0.068),两组差异显著(P<0.001).ROC曲线下的面积为0.947,当阀值为0.906时,其诊断敏感度为93.0%,诊断特异度82.9%.结论 利用改良方法测定IMA对急性心肌梗死的早期诊断具有一定的应用价值.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the value of an improved ischemia modified albumin (IMA) assay in the diagnosis of early acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods Forty-three patients with AMI were enrolled in this study with 41 patients with chest pain serving as the control.Blood samples were obtained from all the patients within 6 h after the onset.IMA was measured by the albumin cobalt binding test and results were presented by absorbance units(ABSU).Receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)was used to evaluate the optimal cut-off value of the assay.Results The mean absorbance in AMI group was obviously higher than that in the control group(1.195±0.320vs 0.855±0.068,P<0.001).The area under the receiver of ROC curve was 0.947,and at the cut-off value of 0.906 ABSU,the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 93.O%and 82.9%.respectively.Conclusion The improved IMA assay shows good value in early diagnosis of AMI in patients with acute chest pain.     

Relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and objective measures of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a Chinese survey

Background The enlarged prostate leads to obstruction and lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）, which comprise frequency, urgency, weak stream, straining and nocturia. This study was conducted in a large series of patients to evaluate the relationship between LUTS as stipulated in the International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） and the objective parameters related to benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）.
Methods We enrolled 1295 BPH patients from seven centers. The patients were either at first diagnosis of BPH or had discontinued medical treatment for at least 3 months. Those with several other diseases that may be potential risk factors affecting urinary symptoms were excluded from the study. Age, IPSS, prostate volume, peak flow rate, urine volume and post-voiding residual urine volume were measured. The relationship between IPSS and objective parameters were quantified by means of Spearman correlation coefficients. The differences in these parameters between the groups with mild, moderate or severe symptoms were also evaluated.
Results Statistically significant correlations were found between IPSS and objective parameters by means of Spearman correlation coefficients. When the patients were divided into three groups with different severities of symptoms, there were significant differences in peak flow rate, urine volume, prostate volume, residue urine volume and quality of life, whereas average age and prostate-specific antigen levels were similar. However, there was evident overlap of these parameters between the groups. The same results were found when the irritative or obstructive subscore of IPSS was considered.
Conclusions The correlation between objective parameters of BPH and LUTS is significant. However, it is hard to predict the severity of symptoms by these parameters.     

麻疹的双相移位研究进展

近年新生儿、婴儿、成人麻疹患者逐年增加,临床表现一般仍较典型,成年人麻疹患者全身中毒症状较重。麻疹抗体检测结果阳性是主要的诊断依据。麻疹发病的双相移位的机理可能是,免疫保护力不足,婴儿出生时麻疹抗体力低。孕期母传胎的麻疹抗体减弱,母经乳汁传给婴儿的抗体减弱,成人麻疹抗体水平逐年下降。预防措施是怀孕前给予育龄妇女麻疹疫苗接种,鼓励母乳喂养,麻疹疫苗计划免疫适当提前,在成人追加麻疹疫苗的免疫,加强病毒变异的研究等。     

妊娠晚期重度妊高征的监测

重度妊高征表现为高血压、蛋白尿、浮肿等症状 ,严重可以导致母婴死亡。对妊娠足月的重度妊高征 ,可以根据其临产与否及宫颈条件 ,立即决定其为阴道分娩或是剖宫产术。对于妊娠晚期的重度妊高征 ,因其胎龄不足月 ,胎儿生长发育及胎肺成熟度情况需通过一定时间的治疗 ,根据其病情变化来决定其治疗方案或终止妊娠的时机[1,2 ] 。这就需要我们对这一阶段的治疗进行监测 ,防止母儿并发症的发生。现将 2 0 0 0年至今我院收治妊娠晚期重度妊高征 30例的监测结果回顾分析如下。1　资料和方法1.1　研究对象　选择孕 31～ 36周重度妊高征 30例 ,其中 …     

80例局限性银屑病误诊原因分析

本文报告80例局限于小腿或手或足的银屑病。均经皮肤组织病理检查确诊。因部位比较特殊。受多种理化因素影响,使皮疹形态发生轻重程度不同的变化,常看不到典型损害,因而误诊为神经性皮炎,湿疹,慢性皮炎及癣等。作者对误诊原因进行了分析后,提出了鉴别诊断方法。     

腰椎间盘突出症再次手术的原因分析

目的解决腰椎间盘突出症手术中神经压迫。方法对1980～1998年再手术资料进行统计分析,讨论分析再手术原因,再次手术前影像学检查,观察病理变化以确定再手术方法。结果对11例随访6个月～1年,优7例(68．4％),良3例(36．8％),差1例(2．8％)。结论初次手术前详细查体和分析X线片,术中用导尿管和神经剥离探查,尽量避免髓核遗留,手术范围不宜太大,尽量减少对软组织和脊柱结构的破坏,避免形成硬膜囊与神经根粘连而致单纯形疤痕。     

降钙素原变化率的测定对细菌性肺炎的评估价值

目的 探讨降钙素原变化率的测定对细菌性肺炎的评估价值.方法 选取住院治疗的细菌性肺炎患者72例,根据治疗效果分为治疗有效组(有效组)47例和治疗无效组(无效组)25例,对治疗有效组和无效组中的降钙素酶原变化及影响肺炎治疗效果的危险因素进行分析.结果 有效组治疗后3天及治疗后7天的降钙素酶原显著低于无效组的患者(P＜0.05);年龄＞65岁、心功能≥3级、COPD、糖尿病、肺部双侧受累(X线示)、菌血症、感染性休克和3天内降钙素酶原变化率＜30％是影响细菌性肺炎治疗效果的危险因素;感染性休克、肺部双侧受累、3天内降钙素酶原变化率＜30％及心功能≥3级是影响细菌性肺炎治疗效果的独立危险因素.结论 测定降钙素原变化率对细菌性肺炎的疗效评估具有重要临床意义,可在临床推广应用.     

正常增殖期子宫内膜细胞增生状态的定量观察

以＾３氢－胸腺嘧啶核苷放射自显影法及ＨＥ染色，观察并分别测定了１８例正常子宫内膜增殖中期，１５例增殖晚期的腺上皮细胞或间质细胞的标记指数、分裂指数。结果显示：子宫内膜增殖晚期腺上皮细胞或间质细胞之ＬＩ均明显高于增殖中期。同时，增殖晚间质细胞之ＭＩ也明显高于增殖中期，即此两种细胞在增殖晚期中增生明显，其增生状态初步获得了定位定量测定的正常值。     

35例开放性胫腓骨骨干骨折感染原因分析与处理

我科从1972－1997年共收治131例开放性胫腓骨骨干骨折，其中35例并发感染，感染率为26．72％。现对感染发生的原因进行分析，并提出相关的防治措施，以减少此类并发症的发生。1临床资料本组35例中，男24例，女11例；年龄15－62岁，平均34．9岁；左侧14例，右侧ZI例；车祸27例，高处跌伤5例，机器绞伤2例，重物压伤1例；上1／3骨折4例，中1／3骨折4例，下1／3骨折27例；粉碎性骨折27例，斜形骨折5例，横断形骨折3例；伤口面积最小ICmZ，最大50cm2。所有患者均在受伤8小时内行急诊清创术后一期闭合创面，骨折行内固定24例，行外固定11例，损…     

Effects of age in the structure of the bursa of Fabricius of deshi chicken of Bangladesh

The bursa of Fabricius of deshi chicken from prenatal ED15 to postnatal D90 were studied. The growth and development at each stage of the study period were highly significant.