Polylactic Acid Nanoparticles Targeted to Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

In this work, blank polylactic acid （PLA） nanoparticles with unstained surface were prepared by the nano-deposition method. On the basis of the preparation, the effect of surface modification on brain microvascular endothelial cells （BMECs） targeting was examined by in vivo experiments and fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that PLA nanoparticles are less toxic than PACA nanoparticles but their BMECs targeting is similar to PACA nanoparticles. The experiments suggest that drugs can he loaded onto the particles and become more stable through adsorption on the surface of PLA nanoparticles with high surface activity. The surface of PLA nanoparticles was obviously modified and the hydrophilicity was increased as well in the presence of non-ionic surfactants on PLA nanoparticles. As a targeting moiety, polysobate 80 （T-80） can facilitate BMECs targeting of PLA nanoparticles.     

Angiogenic Effect of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1

In order to investigate the angiogenic effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), two parts of experiment were performed. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used for in vivo angiogenic research. The chick embryos were divided into 4 groups: ICAM-1 group (divided into 3 subgroups, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ) for screening the angiogenic effect of ICAM-1 by adding different concentrations of ICAM-1 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 μg/μL) 5 μL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup; Anti-ICAM-1 group A (divided into 2 subgroups, Ⅰ and Ⅱ) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5μL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate the effect of ICAM-1 on the survival of microvessels through observing whether Anti-ICAM-1 could induce involution of the microvessels on CAMs; Anti-ICAM-1 group B (divided into 2 subgroups, Ⅰ and Ⅱ) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 μL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 6 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate whether ICAM-1 involved in embryonic angiogenesis through observing the growth of microvessels on CAMs; Control group: ICAM-1 or Anti-ICAM-1 was substituted by PBS 5 μL on the day 10 or day 6 after incubation. Three days later, the CAMs were photographed in vivo, excised, sectioned and the number of microvessels was counted. In ICAM-1 group, there was increased number of microvessels arranged radially with "spoked-wheel" pattern around the gelatin sponges. The new microvessels growing perpendicularly to gelatin sponges were observed. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesen-chymes around the sponges in 3 subgroups was higher than that in control group (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference among the 3 subgroups (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group A, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of ICAM-1 group. Few new microvessels were detected in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in subgroup Ⅱ was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the number of the microvessels around the sponges between subgroup Ⅰ and control group (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group B, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of control group. New microvessels were very scarce in the center of the sponges.The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in the 2 subgroups were less than that in control group (P<0.01), and there was significant difference between the 2 subgroups (P<0.05). It was suggested that ICAM-1 could induce angiogenesis and support the survival of microvessels, and ICAM-1 was involved in embryonic angiogenesis.     

微小RNA在动脉粥样硬化中的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化是一种伴有内皮功能障碍、泡沫细胞形成以及血管平滑肌细胞增殖等复杂病理改变的慢性炎症反应性疾病。微小RNA是由大约19～25个核苷酸组成的单链非编码RNA,被认为是基因表达转录后的调控因子。大量微小RNA参与了动脉粥样硬化的病理过程。本文总结了微小RNA调控血管内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞的凋亡、衰老、增殖和迁移等,参与动脉粥样硬化发生发展的新进展。     

Expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 facilitates angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the expression of VCAM-1 and oncogenesis, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in gastric carcinoma. Methods： Using RT-PCR and immunohistocbemistry technique, the expression of VCAM-1 were detected in specimens from 44 patients with gastric cancer, 8 with ulcer. Microvessel density （MVD） was also counted by endothelial cells immunostained with monoclonal antibodies CD34. In addition, Circulating sVCAM-1 concentrations were measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results ： Of 44 gastric cancer tumor tissues, 36 were detected the ex pressions of VCAM-1 mRNA. The rates of VCAM-1 mRNA in the primary gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the para-cancerous tissues and benign ulcer tissues （P 〈 0.05）. The VCAM-1 posithoseive isolates had more lymph node metastases than that of VCAM-l-negative ones （P 〈 0.05）： MVD of positive VCAM-1 expression tissues were higher than those of negative VCAM-1 （P 〈 0.05）. Circulating sVCAM-1 levels decreased significantly after operation （P 〈 0.05）. Furthermore, the levels of sVCAM-1 were positively correlated with the expressions of VCAM-1 in the tumor tissues （r = 0.64, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Expressions of VCAM-1 mRNA was closely related to oncogenesis, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in gastric carcinoma. The concentration of sVCAM-1 may be considerexl as an effective mark of tumor burden of gastric cancer.     

化脓性中耳炎耳蜗血管纹血流改变的实验研究

应用生物微球方法，观察了豚鼠化脓性中耳炎时耳蜗外侧壁和回血流的动态变化。结果发现中耳炎第３天起耳蜗外侧壁底回血流开始减少，并逐渐发展对第二、第三回，中耳炎２例４周时，血流减少最为明显，此后则有逐渐恢复的趋势，表明化脓性中耳炎可引起耳蜗血管纹微循环障碍，从而影响耳蜗的生理功能。     

血管内微弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

颅内动脉瘤是神经系统常见疾病,以往的治疗主要以外科手术夹闭为主,直接手术不能到达的部位或病情不允许手术者方采用栓塞治疗。随着介入治疗技术的改进,操作者经验的提高,适应证日益广泛。现总结我科治疗的5例动脉瘤病例,结合文献报道如下。1　临床资料11　一般资料　男2例,女3例。年龄41～54岁。均表现为头痛、恶心、呕吐等蛛网膜下腔出血症状。Ｈｕｎｔ和Ｈｅｓｓ分级为2～4级。头颅ＣＴ示蛛网膜下腔出血。经数字减影脑血管造影(ＤＳＡ)确诊。动脉瘤部位:后交通动脉瘤3例,大脑中动脉瘤(Ｍ1段)1例,多发性动脉瘤1例,分别位于同侧颈内动脉(…     

内皮细胞微颗粒水平在糖尿病合并症病变中的临床意义

目的:探讨内皮细胞微颗粒( EMPs)水平在糖尿病合并症病变中的临床意义. 方法:选取2型糖尿病患者80例,根据合并症的不同,分为单纯糖尿病组26例,糖尿病大血管病变组32例和糖尿病微血管病变组22例. 另外选取同期进行健康体检者40 例为对照组. 流式细胞法检测EMPs水平. 结果:糖尿病各组体质量指数( BMI)、空腹血糖( FBG)和糖化血红蛋白( HbA1C)均显著高于对照组( P<0.05);糖尿病组EMPs水平显著高于对照组( P<0.05) ,糖尿病各组间比较显示糖尿病大血管病变组和糖尿病微血管病变组EMPs水平显著高于单纯糖尿病组( P<0.05);糖尿病患者EMPs水平与FBG、TC、TG呈正相关性,与其它指标无明显相关性. 结论:2型糖尿病患者,尤其合并有血管病变患者,内皮细胞微颗粒明显增高,内皮细胞微颗粒水平反应血管内皮细胞的功能状态,可作为判断血管病变程度的指标.     

辛伐他汀对大鼠冠脉微栓塞后微小血管再生影响的实验研究

目的 探讨辛伐他汀干预对冠脉微栓塞（CME）后心肌微小血管保护与微小血管再生的影响及可能机制. 方法 自心尖部注入大鼠自体血栓微粒造成心肌内微小血管栓塞,建立冠脉微栓塞模型.40只大鼠随机分成5组：对照组（C组）、假手术组（sham组）、冠脉微栓塞模型组（M组）、辛伐他汀干预组（ST组）及辛伐他汀＋N-硝酸-L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）干预组（STN组）.28 d后使用Ⅷ因子染色评定单位面积心肌微小血管的密度,免疫荧光检测单位面积心肌微小血管的数量.采用硝酸还原比色法测定心肌组织中NO含量. 结果 术后28 d,辛伐他汀组与微栓塞组比较,微小血管密度及微小血管数量均显著增加（均P＜0.01）;辛伐他汀＋L-NAME组与辛伐他汀组比较,微小血管密度及微小血管数量均显著减少（P＜0.01）.微栓塞组与sham组比较,NO含量显著下降（P＜0.05）;辛伐他汀组与微栓塞组比较,NO含量显著性增加（P＜0.01）;辛伐他汀＋L-NAME组与辛伐他汀组比较,NO含量显著下降（P＜0.01）. 结论 辛伐他汀可增加冠脉微栓塞后心肌内微小血管密度和新生微小血管数量,而这种作用可能是通过一氧化氮（NO）介导的.     

超声联合微泡造影剂对大鼠肾脏微血管通透性的影响

目的研究高机械指数诊断超声爆破微泡造影剂对大鼠肾脏微血管通透性的影响。方法实验中以伊文氏蓝(Evans blue,EB)为示踪剂检测超声爆破微泡对正常大鼠肾脏组织微血管通透性的影响。15只健康Sprague Daw-ley大鼠,雌雄不限,随机分为A、B、C三组,每组5只,A组为单纯注射EB组;B组为注射EB后接受超声辐照组;C组为注射EB和微泡后再接受超声辐照组。使用西门子S2000超声诊断仪,4P1探头,辐照方式为连续辐照。三组采用相同的频率(2MHz)、机械指数(1.4)、微泡剂量0.5ml/kg,超声辐照时间1min。15只大鼠均在EB注射30min后灌注、取材,使用Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件测量肾脏表面EB渗出面积百分比;使用激光共聚焦显微镜观察肾脏微血管周围EB外溢情况并进行视觉评分;使用标准曲线和分光光度法测量各组大鼠肾脏组织中EB含量,作为反映血管通透性的指标。结果 A组肾脏表面无EB渗出,B组肾脏表面有微量EB渗出,面积百分比为(0.089±0.013)%,C组肾脏表面有部分EB渗出,渗出面积(17.596±0.243)%明显高于A组和B组(P<0.05);C组激光共聚焦显微镜下可见肾脏微血管周围EB外溢,视觉评分等级为2级,显著高于A组(0级)及B组(0～1级);C组肾脏组织中EB含量为(28.11±0.97)μg/g,比A组(11.48±1.05)μg/g和B组(13.18±1.28)μg/g明显增加(P<0.05)。结论高机械指数超声联合微泡造影剂可使肾脏微血管通透性增加。