Indoor Allergen Levels and Household Distributions in Nine Cities Across China

Objective Chinese allergic subjects have high levels of sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) and other indoor allergens. This study quantifies common indoor allergen levels in Chinese households.
Methods Dust samples were collected from nine cities. Major allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1 from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae, and specific antigens of Blomia tropicalis, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Acarus siro, and cockroach species Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana were measured by ELISA.
Results HDM allergens were found in dust samples from bedding in 95% of the Chinese households. The median levels varied from <0.006 to 9.2 μg/g of dust, depending on the city. The percentages of households having HDM allergen levels associated with the risk of developing allergy sensitization and asthma were 65% and 25%, respectively. Specific antigens of the storage mite and cockroach were only found in samples from the southern and tropical regions of China. Levels of mite allergens were generally higher in samples from bedding compared to samples from the living room, even for storage mites, whereas levels of cockroach antigens were higher in the living room samples.
Conclusion HDM allergens are present in bedding dust samples from most Chinese households. Cities in southern and central China have relatively high levels of HDM major allergens compared to cities in northern and western China. Antigens of storage mites and cockroaches are not as common as HDM allergens.     

Analysis of Allergens in 5 473 Patients with Allergic Diseases in Harbin,China

Objective To analyze the allergic status to common inhalant allergens and food allergens in clinical patients in Harbin in northeastern China and provide evidence to develop the prevention strategy of allergic disease. Methods The data were collected from 5 473 patients with clinical suspected allergic diseases seeking medical care in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. Among these patients, 2 530 （46.2%） were males aged 0-86 years, the youngest was only 1 month old and 2 579 （47.1%） were young children and teenagers. The serum specific Immunoglobulin E （slgE） to 14 kinds of common allergens and serum total IgE were detected by using AllergyScreen test （Mediwiss Analytic GmbH, Moers, Germany）. Results In 5 473 subjects the positive rate of slgE was 33.1% （n=1 813）. Cow milk （6.9%） and wheat （3.1%） were the most common food allergens, followed by house dust mite mix （12.5%） and mould mix （9.4%） and the age and gender specific differences in the positive rate were significant. For the children aged 〈7 years the positive rates to cow milk, beef-mutton, and egg white/egg yolk were high, but the positive rates to house dust mite mix, ragweed estragon, and mould mix were low （P〈0.05）. For the adults the positive rates to aeroallergens were high while the rates to food allergens were low. Conclusion The results from this study showed that the food allergens in Harbin had geographic characteristics, which support the viewpoint that the environment factors play an important role in the incidence of allergic diseases. Also, the detection of slgE and total IgE are essential to identify relevant allergens for the purpose of early diagnosis, management and prevention of allergic disease.     

Allergen micro-array detection of specific IgE-reactivity in Chinese allergy patients

Background  Allergen micro-arrays are powerful tools for screening of serum IgE-reactivity. In this study allergen micro-arrays were used to identify dominating IgE-binding allergens and cross-reactivity patterns among selected Chinese allergy patients.

Methods  The study was conducted using patient sera from the cities of Guangzhou, Nanjing, Chengdu and Shenyang. In total 100 sera with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) specific IgE-levels higher than 50 kU/L were selected for testing against 103 individual allergens.

Results  Among 100 selected patients, 95% showed IgE-reactivity towards house-dust mite allergens Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) 1, Der f 2 and Der p 2 and 94% were IgE positive against Der p 1, and 60% of sera contained IgE reacting against allergen Euroglyphus maynei (Eur m) 2. IgE against cat allergen, Felisdomesticus (Fel d) 1, was seen in 20%. Only 2% showed specific IgE-reactivity to Der p 10, a panallergen belonging to the tropomyosin family. Serum IgE-reactivity towards other allergens was in general low. IgE-reactivity against pollen allergens showed geographic differences.

Conclusions  This study clearly confirms that group 1 and group 2 are major allergens of house dust mites. These selected house-dust mite allergy patients are close to being mono-sensitized. Der p 10 is not an important allergen for cross-reactivity. Specific IgE-sensitization towards pollen allergens is low in southern China compared to other regions. The prevalence of food and stinging insect allergens known to give rise to IgE-mediated cross-reactivity is 2% or less.

     

The effect of lead on brainstem auditory evoked potentials in children

Objective To determine whether lead affects brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in low-to-moderate lead exposed children. Methods BAEPs were recorded from 114 asymptomatic children aged 1-6 years. Average values were calculated for peak latency (PL) and amplitude (Amp). Whole blood lead (PbB) levels were assessed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. Based on their PbB levels, subjects were divided into low lead (PbB&lt;100 μg/L) and high lead subgroups (PbB ≥100 μg/L). Results The PbB levels of the 114 subjects ranged from 32.0 to 380.0 μg/L in a positively skewed distribution. The median of PbB levels was 90.0 μg/L while the arithmetic average was 88.0 μg/L. Of the subjects, 43.0% (49/114) had levels equal to or greater than 100 μg/L. Bilateral PLs Ⅰ, Ⅴ, and Ⅲ of the left ear in the high lead subgroup were significantly longer than those in the low lead subgroup (P&lt;0.05). A positive correlation was found between PbB levels and bilateral PLs Ⅰ, Ⅴ and Ⅲ of the left ear (P&lt;0.05), after controlling for age and gender as confounding factors. A significant and positive correlation between PbB levels and PL Ⅰ of the left ear, even when PbB levels were lower than 100 μg/L, in the low subgroup (r=0.295, P=0.019) was also found.Conclusions Lead poisoning in children younger than 6 years old is a very serious problem to which close attention should be paid. The indications that lead prolongs partial PLs may imply that lead, even at PbB levels lower than 100 μg/L, impairs both the peripheral and the central portions of the auditory system. BAEPs may be a sensitive detector of subclinical lead exposure effects on the nervous system in children.     

Comparison between two commercial immunoassays:Dr.Fooke ALLERG-O-LIQ versus Phadia ImmunoCAP~ System in detecting allergen-specific IgE and total IgE values

Objective:Beside patient's history and skin prick testing(SPT)the detection of specific IgE(sIgE)represents an important tool of allergy diagnostics.In recent years different technologies for the detection of sIgE have been developed.The objective of this study is the comparison of the ALLERG-O-LIQ with the ImmunoCAP System using seven inhalant and four food allergens.Methods:Sera from patients were collected and tested for sIgE to inhalant(d1,d2,d5,i6,e1,e5 and m3)and food allergens(f1,f2,f24,f24)by ALLERG-O-LIQ(Dr.Fooke Laboratorien GmbH)and by ImmunoCAP System(Phadia).Further,samples were also tested for total IgE in both systems.Results:Prevalence of positive test results varied between 0/20(f24)and 11/20(e5)for ALLERG-O-LIQ and between 3/18(f23)and 11/20(d1/d5)for ImmunoCAP .The qualitative agreement between both methods was found between 75%(f24)and 100%(d2)depending on the allergen.Overall qualitative agreement for inhalant(n=140),food(n=78)and all allergens(n=218)tested was 92.1%(kappa=0.84),83.3%(kappa=0.58),89.0%(kappa=0.77),respectively.Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value (PPV),negative predictive value(NPV)and diagnostic efficiency(DE)were found at 88.2%,95.8%,95.2%,89.6%,92.1%(inhalant allergens),62.5%,92.6%,78.9%,84.7%,83.3%(food allergens)and 81.5%,94.4%,91.5%,87.5%,89.0%(all allergens).Conclusion: Good to excellent qualitative agreement between ALLERG-O-LIQ and ImmunoCAP for the detection of specific and total IgE could be observed.The degree of agreement depended on the allergen and was higher in the group of inhalant allergens.The ALLERG-O-LIQ System represents a reliable test for the detection of specific and total IgE.     

Prevalence of sensitivity to cockroach allergens and IgE cross- reactivity between cockroach and house dust mite allergens in Chinese patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma

Background Cockroaches are an important indoor allergen source causing allergic rhinitis and asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the cockroach prevalence in mainland of China and the cross-reactivity of IgE between cockroach and house dust mite allergen in Chinese patients.Methods The cockroach sensitization pattern was based on a skin prick test （SPT） obtained from a national multicenter prevalence study, in which 6304 patients from 25 allergy centers across China participated. Factors, including different regions of China, age, gender and the correlations between the American and German cockroaches and house dust mite Der p were investigated. Eighteen out of 1236 clinical sera from south China were selected to perform the cross-inhibition assay between house dust mites and cockroaches.Results Totally 25.7% of patients were SPT positive to the American cockroach （Periplaneta Americana, Per a） and 18.7% SPT positive to the German cockroach （Blattella germanica, Bla g）. The prevalence of positive cockroach SPT was higher in southern than in northern China, higher in adults than in children, and higher in males than in females.Patients had relatively low levels of cockroach SPT reactions, mainly class 1 or 2. Of the SPT positive cockroach patients,88% were also SPT positive to house dust mite （Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Der p）. An IgE cross-inhibition study confirmed that Der P sensitization could cause false positive SPT reactions against cockroach.Conclusions A relatively high prevalence of cockroach sensitivity was found in mainland of China. However, a cross-inhibition study showed that only a small number of patients appear to have Bla g and/or Per a as primary sensitizing source. The importance of cockroaches as a risk factor for sensitization and triggers of allergic symptoms in mainland of China needs to be further investigated.     

THE DEPOSITION AND ELIMINATION OF COAL AND COALSTONE DUSTS IN RAT LUNG

The specific harmfulness for instance, fibrogenicity or cancerigenicity of dusts fromvarious working places is based on the dust deposited and stored in the lung parenchyma.Inhalation experiments were performed with the aim of estimating factors controling dustelimination from the lung under condition of occupational dust exposuras. Two samplesof mine dusts have been examined for their deposition and elimination from the rat lung.It was found that coalstone dust cleared from the alveolar lumen via the tracheobronchialtree were more than that for coal rich dust.     

Cloning, sequence analysis and expression in E. coli of the group 3 allergen of Dermatophagoides farinae

Background The dust mites, which are mostly represented by Dermatophagoides spp. （Acari： Pyroglyphidae）, are the major sources of indoor allergens. Identification and characterization of these mite allergen molecules are an important step in the development of new effective diagnostic procedures and possible therapeutic strategies for allergic disorders associated with dust mites. Methods Total RNA was extracted from Dermatophagoides farinae. The gene coding for Der f 3 was amplified by RT-PCR with the primers designed based on previous sequence published in GenBank. The target gene was cloned intermediately into pMD19-T plasmid and finally into plasmid pET28a （＋）, expressed in E. coil BL21 at the aid of the inducer isopropyI-D-thiogalactopyranoside （IPTG）. The physicochemical properties, spatial structure of the allergen were analyzed with bioinformatics software. Results The cDNA coding for group 3 allergen of Dermatophagoides farinae from China was cloned and expressed successfully. Sequencing analysis showed that there were nineteen mismatched nucleotides in five Der f3 cDNA clones in comparison with the reference （GenBank Accession No. AY283291）, which resulted in deduced amino acid sequence incompatibility in eleven residues. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the Der f 3 pro-protein was an extracellular hydrophobic protein, consisting of 259 amino acids with a 16 amino acid signal peptide. The protein was deduced to have three chymotrypsin active sites （53-68 AA, 108-122 AA and 205-217 AA）, one N-glycosylation site, one cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, four protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, two casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, and five N-myristoylation sites. Conclusions Der f3 is an extracellular hydrophobic protein which possesses multiple activation and phosphorylation sites. Polymorphism may exist in the Der f3 gene but this needs to be further confirmed in the future.     

Comparison between two commercial immunoassays:Dr. Fooke ALLERG-O-LIQ versus Phadia ImmunoCAPR System in detecting allergen-specific IgE and total IgE values

Objective: Beside patient’s history and skin prick testing(SPT) the detection of specific IgE(sIgE) represents an important tool of allergy diagnostics. In recent years different technologies for the detection of sIgE have been developed. The objective of this study is the comparison of the ALLERG-O-LIQ with the ImmunoCAPR System using seven inhalant and four food allergens. Methods: Sera from patients were collected and tested for sIgE to inhalant(d1, d2, d5, i6, e1, e5 and m3) and food allergens(f1, f2, f24, f24) by ALLERG-O-LIQ(Dr. Fooke Laboratorien GmbH) and by ImmunoCAPR System(Phadia). Further, samples were also tested for total IgE in both systems. Results: Prevalence of positive test results varied between 0/20(f24) and 11/20(e5) for ALLERG-O-LIQ and between 3/18(f23) and 11/20(d1/d5) for ImmunoCAPR. The qualitative agreement between both methods was found between 75%(f24) and 100%(d2) depending on the allergen. Overall qualitative agreement for inhalant(n = 140), food(n = 78) and all allergens(n = 218) tested was 92.1%(kappa = 0.84), 83.3%(kappa = 0.58), 89.0%(kappa = 0.77), respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV) and diagnostic efficiency(DE) were found at 88.2%, 95.8%, 95.2%, 89.6%, 92.1%(inhalant allergens), 62.5%, 92.6%, 78.9%, 84.7%, 83.3%(food allergens) and 81.5%, 94.4%, 91.5%, 87.5%, 89.0%(all allergens). Conclusion: Good to excellent qualitative agreement between ALLERG-O-LIQ and ImmunoCAPR for the detection of specific and total IgE could be observed. The degree of agreement depended on the allergen and was higher in the group of inhalant allergens. The ALLERG-O-LIQ System represents a reliable test for the detection of specific and total IgE.     

A study on pollen allergens in China

Objective Allergic disease caused by airborne pollen is a major health problem in China. Intensive study on pollen allergens can be of great help for preventing and treating pollinosis. Four aspects of the study on pollen allergens in China including major allergic pollen in our country, analysis and purification of pollen allergen composition, recombinant pollen allergens and clinical application of pollen allergens are described in this paper.     

屋尘螨抗原对大鼠支气管上皮细胞白细胞介素6和白细胞介素8表达的影响

目的探讨屋尘螨（Derp1）抗原对大鼠原代支气管上皮细胞白细胞介素6（IL-6）和IL-8表达的影响。方法将大鼠原代支气管上皮细胞随机分为正常对照组和实验组。实验组再分为3个不同浓度组（1、5及10μg/mL）,待细胞生长至融合90%的单层平面时,分别加入不同浓度的Derp1抗原液。在4、8和24 h分别观察各组细胞的形态。采用酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测其细胞上清液IL-6和IL-8的浓度含量。结果正常对照组细胞表现为单层细胞平铺状态,实验组细胞形态及细胞间隙无明显变化,屋尘螨刺激4 h,IL-6和IL-8释放水平开始升高;刺激8 h,IL-6和IL-8继续升高,以5μg/mL组和10μg/mL组更为显著（P〈0.01）;刺激24 h,IL-6和IL-8进一步升高但与8 h组相比无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 Derp1抗原刺激气道上皮细胞释放一系列炎症因子如IL-6和IL-8从而参与哮喘气道炎症反应。     

IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1在过敏性鼻炎中的表达及与病情严重程度的相关性

目的 探讨免疫球蛋白E（immunoglobulin E,IgE）、白细胞介素1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）、转化生长因子β1（transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1）、血管细胞黏附分子1（vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1）在过敏性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）中的表达及与病情严重程度的相关性。 方法 选取河北省保定市儿童医院收治的AR患者167例为AR组,根据病情严重程度分为轻度组61例和中重度组106例,依据过敏原类型分为花粉组、霉菌组、尘螨组,另选取同期健康体检自愿者63例为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1水平,Logistic回归分析基线资料、血清IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1水平与AR病情严重程度的关系。 结果 AR组血清IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）。花粉组血清IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1水平高于霉菌组、尘螨组（P＜0.05）。中重度组血清IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1水平高于轻度组（P＜0.05）。中重度组花粉过敏原比例高于轻度组（P＜0.05）,Logistic回归分析显示,血清IgE（OR=1.011,95%CI：1.006~1.017）、IL-1β（OR=1.035,95%CI：1.002~1.069）、TGF-β1（OR=1.010,95%CI：1.006~1.015）、VCAM-1（OR=1.654,95%CI：1.267~2.159）水平与花粉过敏原（OR=1.322,95%CI：1.021~1.899）为AR中-重度的危险因素（P＜0.05）。 结论 IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1在AR患者血清中高表达,IgE、IL-1β、TGF-β1、VCAM-1、花粉过敏原均与病情严重程度密切相关。     

大气细颗粒物2.5对中老年高血压患者急性心血管效应的影响

目的　探讨新乡地区大气细颗粒物2.5（PM_2.5）暴露对中老年高血压患者心血管效应的影响。方法　招募新乡医学院11例患高血压病的退休职工为研究对象,采用定组研究方法,从2018年12月至2019年4月进行5次随访,每次随访时间间隔4周,随访当日测量患者的血压、身高、体质量和静态心电图,记录心率（HR）值;采集患者空腹外周静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定患者血清炎症标志物白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8、超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）及氧化应激标志物8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）、纤溶功能标志物组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（t-PA）、血浆内皮功能指标内皮素-1（ET-1）水平,并检测血小板-单核细胞聚合体（PMAs）数量,计算PMAs占单核细胞的百分比。收集每次体检前1周内患者居住区的每小时空气污染物PM_2.5浓度和气温、相对湿度数据。采用线性混合效应模型评估大气PM_2.5浓度与受试者血压、炎症标志物、氧化应激标志物、内皮功能指标及凝血标志物等的关系。 结果　大气PM_2.5浓度每升高10 μg·m^-3,患者的HR升高26.85 次·min^-1［95%置信区间（CI）:1.83～51.88］,舒张压升高44.90 mm Hg（95%CI:3.18～86.61）,血清IL-8、hs-CRP、8-OHdG水平分别升高26.56%（95%CI:0.76%～52.35%）、84.69%（95%CI:18.32%～151.05%）、68.94%（95%CI:35.77%～102.11%）,血浆ET-1水平升高29.01%（95%CI: 6.72%～51.30%）,PMAs水平升高8.19%（95%CI:2.05%～14.32%）,t-PA水平下降408.85%（95%CI:-720.75%～-96.94%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　PM_2.5暴露可诱发中老年高血压患者出现血压异常、炎症反应、氧化应激、血管内皮损伤和凝血功能障碍等改变。     

郑州地区成人自报过敏性鼻炎患者吸入过敏原分析

  目的  了解郑州地区成人自报过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis, AR)患者吸入过敏原致敏谱,分析不同年龄、性别及年份间阳性致敏原的差异,为AR的临床诊治提供参考。  方法  采用17种吸入过敏原试剂对2019年1月—2021年12月就诊于河南省人民医院过敏反应科门诊且自报为AR的成人患者2 305例进行皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test, SPT),比较不同性别、年龄、年份致敏原分布情况,并对阳性率进行分析。  结果  2 305例AR患者SPT阳性率为77.09%,常合并多种过敏原致敏,对4种及以上过敏原阳性者1 137例(49.33%);过敏原阳性率前5位依次为粉尘螨(42.78%)、户尘螨(38.61%)、梧桐花粉(35.27%)、蒿属花粉(34.27%)、葎草花粉(31.63%);18~30岁年龄组过敏原SPT阳性检出率达峰值(91.84%),阳性率随年龄增长而下降;不同性别间粉尘螨、户尘螨、油菜花、葎草花粉SPT阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);2019—2021年室内吸入过敏原粉尘螨、户尘螨阳性率呈逐年升高趋势,季节性吸入过敏原梧桐花粉、蒿属花粉、葎草花粉阳性率呈逐年下降趋势。  结论  AR患者常合并4种及以上吸入过敏原致敏;18~30岁SPT检出率达峰值;粉尘螨、户尘螨、梧桐花粉、蒿属花粉、葎草花粉是郑州地区成人自报AR患者最常见的致敏原。      

湖南省 1 953 例煤矿工人的肺功能损伤分析

目的：通过对煤矿工人的肺功能进行检测,了解粉尘暴露、工种、年龄、总工龄及接尘工龄对作业工 人肺功能的影响。方法：选取2013年6月至2014年8月在湖南省职业病防治院进行职业健康检查、肺功能检查且资料 完整的男性非尘肺病煤矿工人1 953例为调查对象。结果：肺功能检测结果显示：肺功能异常者为1 302例,异常率 为66.7%。其中轻度异常者为1 139例(58.3%),中度及以上异常者为163例(8.3%)。肺功能损伤的发生与调查对象的年 龄(OR=1.329,95%CI：1.196~1.620)、接尘工龄(OR=1.267,95%CI：1.136~1.413)及工种(采煤工OR=1.156,95%CI： 1.033~1.293)有关(均P<0.05)。结论：湖南地区非尘肺病煤矿工人的肺功能损伤率较高,以轻度损伤为主;采煤工的肺 功能损伤率高于其他工种;高年龄及接尘工龄较长者更易发生肺功能损伤。     

Expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70 in lymphocytes and plasma in healthy workers and coal miners with lung cancer

In coal mines, main occupational hazard is coal-mine dust, which can cause health problem including coal workers' pneumoconiosis and lung cancer. Some heat shock proteins (Hsps) have been reported as an acute response to a wide variety of stressful stimuli. Whether Hsps protect against chronic environmental coal-mine dust over years is unknown. It is also interesting to know that whether the expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70 proteins as a marker for exposure is associated risk of lung cancer among coal miners. ...     

山东地区过敏患者过敏原检测结果调查分析

目的探讨山东地区过敏患者不同病种的过敏原特点。方法对3 420例过敏患者按6个不同病种分别统计阳性率排前10位的过敏原阳性例数及阳性率,分析其过敏原特点。结果6个病种阳性率前3位的过敏原分别是：①过敏性鼻炎：尘螨（85.5%）,蒿属和豚草花粉（62.3%）,霉菌（56.6%）;②过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征：尘螨（72.7%）,油漆、苯、醛类（60.0%）,蒿属、豚草花粉（57.1%）;③咳嗽变异性哮喘：油漆、苯、醛类（74.8%）,尘螨（63.3%）,香烟（57.8%）;④过敏性哮喘：尘螨（81.1%）,虾（77.8%）,油漆、苯、醛类（72.8%）;⑤湿疹：虾（75.0%）,海鱼（56.7%）,洗衣粉（54.8%）;⑥荨麻疹：虾（70.5%）,海鱼（70.2%）,油漆、苯、醛类（70.0%）。结论呼吸道过敏性疾病主要过敏原是尘螨、油漆、苯、醛类等;湿疹、荨麻疹等皮肤过敏性疾病主要过敏原是虾、海鱼和洗衣粉等。     

海口市地区过敏性疾病皮肤点刺变应原实验分析

目的:探讨海口市过敏性疾病变应原特点,为过敏性疾病防治提供科学依据。方法:吸入组变应原有:粉尘螨、组胺、户尘螨、蟑螂、狗毛/狗上皮、猫毛/猫上皮、艾蒿花粉、玉米花粉、侓草花粉、酵母菌、青霉菌;食入组变应原有:鸡蛋清、鸡蛋黄、大豆、牛肉、牛奶、扇贝、带鱼、海蟹、海虾、花生、苹果、芒果、香蕉等共23种。采用我武生物科技有限公司开发的变应原试液,点刺部位选择双手前臂屈侧皮肤,采用生理盐水点刺作阴性对照,以10g/L二盐酸组胺皮肤点刺作阳性对照。结果:98例接受变应原检测呈阳性反应的83例,阳性率为84.7%。吸入组荨麻疹、湿疹两种疾病变应原检出率前3位分别:粉尘螨37(52.1%)、34(47.9%),户尘螨37(53.6%)、32(46.4%),蟑螂24(38.7%)、38(61.3%);食入组荨麻症、湿疹两种疾病变应原检出率前3位分别:牛肉48(70.6%)、20(29.4%),海蟹37(67.3%)、18(32.7%),海虾57(75.0%)、19(25.0%)。结论:海口市过敏性疾病对多种变应原有阳性反应,以粉尘螨、户尘螨、蟑螂、海蟹、海虾、牛肉、等多见,阳性反应率逐年增多趋势,避免或清除变应原的接触,对过敏性疾病的防治有重要意义。     

北京地区3 236例过敏性疾病患者血清过敏原的季节差异分析

［摘要］ 〖HTH〗目的〖HTSS〗探讨北京地区不同季节过敏原检测患者人群差异及过敏原分布差异。 〖HTH〗方法〖HTSS〗应用免疫印迹法检测3 236例患者血清中19种过敏原特异性IgE抗体,分析不同季节患者数量、性别、年龄及过敏原分布的差异。 〖HTH〗结果〖HTSS〗 3 236例患者中,男性1 273例（春199例/夏250例/秋492例/冬332例）,女性1 963例（春278例/夏372例/秋645例/冬668例）,不同季节过敏原检测患者男女数量构成差异有统计学意义（χ2=24.485,P＜0.05）,秋冬季节患者人数较多,女性多于男性。不同季节患者年龄段数量构成差异有统计学意义（χ2=40.025,P＜0.05）,青年患者人数较多。过敏原阳性率前5位分别为艾蒿（11.12%）、尘螨组合（9.39%）、猫毛（6.61%）、海鱼组合（5.81%）和蟹（4.67%）。春季过敏原阳性率前3位：尘螨组合/海鱼组合/艾蒿（10.06%/6.92%/6.71%）;夏季前3位：尘螨组合/艾蒿/海鱼组合（12.54%/10.29%/5.14%）;秋季前3位：艾蒿/猫毛/尘螨组合（15.83%/8.44%/8.18%）;冬季前3位：尘螨组合/艾蒿/猫毛（8.80%/8.40%/6.64%）;多种过敏原在不同季节分布差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 〖HTH〗结论〖HTSS〗北京地区秋冬季节过敏性疾病人群激增,主要由吸入性过敏原引起,以艾蒿、尘螨和猫毛为主,食物性过敏原以海鱼组合和蟹为主,均呈现明显的季节差异。