接种VA菌根对苍术生长发育影响的初步观测

目的：观察VA菌根对苍术生长发育的影响。方法：通过含3个重复的盆栽对照实验，比较施加vA菌根菌Glomus nosseae（GM）后，苍术生物量的变化。结果：t检验表明，VA组苍术的株高、叶片数、叶面积、生物量都显著高于对照组（P〈0．05），苍术对VA菌根依赖性达到569％。结论：接种vA菌根真菌，能显著促进苍术的营养生长，提高苍术产量。     

茅山地区苍术的分布现状分析

目的：探讨野生茅苍术在茅山的分布状况。方法：利用样方调查法,采集影响苍术生物量的相关环境因子,分析苍术生物量和环境因子的关系;利用GIS技术进行分布分析。结果：苍术生物量与短柄桴的长势、坡向和湿度密切相关;苍术在道地产区茅山北部野生量相对较少,南部较多,中部最少。结论：造成苍术分布现状的主要原因是人为因素的影响;影响苍术生物量的因子主要是短柄桴的长势和坡向。     

接种VA菌根对苍术生长发育影响的初步观测

目的:观察VA菌根对苍术生长发育的影响.方法:通过含3个重复的盆栽对照实验,比较施加VA菌根菌Glomu s mo s seae(GM)后,苍术生物量的变化.结果:t检验表明,VA组苍术的株高、叶片数、叶面积、生物量都显著高于对照组(P＜0.0 5),苍术对VA菌根依赖性达到569%.结论:接种VA菌根真菌,能显著促进苍术的营养生长,提高苍术产量.     

蒙药材荆芥生长研究

对蒙药材荆芥进行本草考证并研究其在通辽地区的生长特性。方法:对不同时期荆芥的株高、叶数、分枝数、茎粗、茎鲜重、叶鲜重等性状进行调查。结果:7-9月之间是荆芥株高缓慢增长时期,9月末呈稳定状态,之后株高逐渐下降。7-9月之间,主茎叶数一直增加且速度稳定,9月末主茎叶数迅速变少。7-9月是分枝数快速增长期且生长很平稳,其后分枝数呈现稳定趋势。7月末至8月初是茎粗的缓慢增长期,8-9月是茎粗的快速增长期,其后增长较缓慢并趋于平稳状态;7月末至8月末是茎鲜重缓慢增长期,8月末至9月初是茎鲜重缓慢增长期,其后茎鲜重开始缓慢降低,这可能是由于生长后期茎逐渐干枯所致;7-9月是叶鲜重增长期,9月末叶鲜重开始降低,这可能是由于生长后期叶片逐渐脱落和逐渐干枯所致。7-10月荆芥根长一直缓慢增长;根粗在7月、8月均呈稳定的增长趋势但是速度缓慢,8-9月初之间快速增长,9月末开始呈稳定趋势,其后缓慢下降,是由后期根的水分流失逐渐干枯所致;8月末荆芥侧根生长缓慢,其后侧根进入快速增长期,8月末至10月初之间侧根数缓慢增长,其后侧根数变化不大。结果:研究荆芥的生长特性有利于其资源开发与利用。     

道地药材茅苍术的资源遥感监测

利用遥感技术对野生中药苍术的资源量进行了调查。介绍了研究区江苏茅山的概况和茅山苍术的基本情况,阐述了利用遥感技术研究野生茅苍术的思路,根据不同地物在反射光谱特征上的差异,对江苏茅山地区的TM影像进行了解译,获得了苍术生长密度相关的地物类别,并结合野外调查数据,对茅山大茅峰、二茅峰和小茅峰苍术的生长环境进行了分区,在此基础上估算了茅山苍术资源量。     

阳春砂种苗质量分级标准

目的：建立阳春砂种子苗和分株苗的质量分级标准，规范阳春砂种苗生产流通，保障阳春砂规范化、规模化种植。方法：在全国砂仁主产区收集砂仁种子苗和分株苗，测定各种苗的株高、叶片数、丛芽数、球状茎粗、匍匐茎粗等指标，采用主成分分析和K类中心聚类法对数据进行分析并完成砂仁种苗分级。结果：阳春砂种苗可分为2个种类，每个种类2个等级。Ⅰ级种子苗：苗高≥40 cm，丛芽数≥3个；Ⅱ级种子苗：15 cm≤苗高＜40 cm，1个≤丛芽数＜3个；Ⅰ级分株苗：60 cm≤苗高＜110 cm，5片≤叶片数＜10片；Ⅱ级分株苗：110 cm≤苗高＜180 cm，10片≤叶片数＜20片。结论：阳春砂种苗质量分级标准适用于该药材的规范化生产。     

路边青种群构件结构及生长规律分析

采用大样本随机取样法,挖取单个植株进行调查和测定,统计分析结果表明,在盛花期,路边青种群构件结构是由根、茎、基生叶、茎生叶、花及果实组成,其中,叶片生物量所占植株生物量的50.52%。路边青各构件的关系中,株高与茎生物量有密切的相关关系,其相关程度最佳的为线性函数,其确定系数R~2为0.4943。茎直径和茎生物量、茎鲜重之间有密切的相关关系,其相关的程度最佳的均为线性函数,其确定系数R~2值分别为0.4224和0.5843。路边青叶片的生长遵循着不同的规律,不仅具有一致的同速生长规律,也有异速生长规律。     

环境胁迫对药用植物苍术影响的研究进展

苍术的生态适宜性分析显示,生长在其道地产区茅山的苍术同时受到高温、高湿、营养缺乏等多种环境胁迫的作用;表明适度的环境胁迫作用可以促进苍术生长发育及次生代谢产物的积累,但过度的环境胁迫也会造成苍术根茎生物量下降、生长发育受抑制等不良影响。现综述了生物及非生物环境胁迫对药用植物苍术的形态建成、生理影响及次生代谢产物积累等方面的研究现状,旨在帮助人们了解药用植物苍术的抗逆生理机制及次生代谢产物积累的逆境机制,并为苍术的生态种植实施奠定理论基础。     

不同小生境对苍术生长和4种挥发油的影响

为了探讨苍术适宜的生长立地环境条件,开展田间不同小生境试验,研究不同小生境对苍术成活率、生长、产量、挥发油含量的影响。研究发现,竹林下苍术的成活率为(76±15.1)%、株高为(77±14.8) cm,4种挥发油质量分数之和达4.09%,都显著高于露地苍术,4个朝向的露地苍术的成活率平均为30%,株高平均为51 cm,4种挥发油含量之和平均为2.24%;但林下苍术单株产量(41±22.3) g却极显著低于露地上种植的苍术单株产量的平均值(104.5 g);对于4个朝向的露地苍术,有机质等营养条件好的东坡产量显著高于其他朝向的小生境。通过对不同小生境的光照、温度、土壤和叶片的营养成分分析发现,苍术是一种耐贫瘠、喜隐蔽或东坡种植的药用植物,这也提示业界,林下苍术成活率高,发病率低,管理成本低,虽然产量不高,但其药效成分高,可以通过增施有机肥来提高其产量,建议发展林药间作的苍术生态种植模式。     

温度对铁皮石斛组培苗质量的影响

目的: 考察温度对铁皮石斛组培苗质量的影响,为该药材的人工栽培提供参考。方法: 将增殖阶段和生根阶段的铁皮石斛组培苗在湿度、光照强度、光照时间可控的环境条件下,设置温度分别为15,20,25,30,35 ℃共5个梯度进行实验,观察组培苗生长状况,利用Pearson相关性分析增殖阶段温度与苗株数、株高,生根阶段温度与株高、茎粗、叶片数、根数、根长的相关性,并对每个温度间生长指标差异性进行方差分析。结果: 25~30 ℃的组培苗质量较好,表现出良好的生长和繁殖能力;Pearson相关性分析显示在增殖阶段温度跟苗株数和株高在0.01水平上显著相关;在生根阶段温度跟株高、叶片数、根数在0.01水平上显著相关。LSD多重比较显示在增殖阶段苗株数、株高的差异性明显;生根阶段叶片数、根数、株高差异性明显。结论: 温度是影响铁皮石斛组培苗质量的关键因子,最适温度25 ℃。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。