瑶药扁担藤薄层鉴别和原儿茶酸提取工艺及含量测定研究

目的:以原儿茶酸为指标性成分,建立扁担藤薄层鉴别和提取工艺以及其含量测定方法。方法:薄层鉴别采用硅胶GF254薄层板,以体积比甲苯∶乙酸乙酯∶甲酸(12∶6∶1)为展开剂,置紫外灯(254nm)下检视。采用正交试验,以原儿茶酸含量为指标,考察溶剂浓度、溶剂体积和回流时间对扁担藤中原儿茶酸提取工艺的影响;采用色谱柱BDS HYPERSIL C18柱(4.60mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸(28∶72),检测波长258nm,流速1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量10μL。结果:薄层色谱中可以检出原儿茶酸,斑点清晰,专属性好。原儿茶酸进样量在0.0292~0.1460μg(R2=0.9991)范围呈良好的线性关系。扁担藤低、中、高加样组原儿茶酸的平均回收率分别为99.32%(RSD=1.73%)、98.54%(RSD=0.96%)和97.83%(RSD=1.40%)。溶剂浓度为影响扁担藤中原儿茶酸提取效果的主要因素,确定最佳工艺条件为40%乙醇,溶剂体积为20m L,提取时间2.5h。结论:优选出的提取工艺稳定,提取率高。该方法能有效鉴别瑶药扁担藤,能准确地测定其原儿茶酸的含量,为开发利用其药材资源提供科学依据。     

石见穿药材中原儿茶酸的含量分析研究

目的 研究石见穿药材中原儿茶酸的含量.方法 利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定石见穿中原儿茶酸的含量,采用AlltimaC18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);流动相:甲醇-0.15%乙酸溶液(9:91),进样量20μl;检测波长260 nm;柱温30℃.结果 回归方程:Y=3267X-28.83,r=0.999 99.原儿茶酸在0.10～0.48μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系.原儿茶酸的平均回收率为100.23%,RSD为1.77%.结论 该方法为该药材质量标准的制定提供参考依据.     

不同产地不同采集期滇桂艾纳香中总黄酮及原儿茶酸的含量测定

目的:建立滇桂艾纳香药材中总黄酮及原儿茶酸含量的测定方法,通过考察不同产地不同采集期滇桂艾纳香中总黄酮及原儿茶酸含量的变化,为滇桂艾纳香药材的质量控制提供科学依据。方法:采用紫外分光光度法测定滇桂艾纳香药材总黄酮的含量,测定波长为510 nm;采用高效液相色谱法测定原儿茶酸的含量,色谱柱为Agilent Hypersil ODS C_(l8)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水-冰醋酸(10∶89∶1),检测波长为256 nm,柱温为室温。结果:(1)紫外分光光度法测定药材中总黄酮含量,标准曲线方程为Y=0.012 3X-0.001 2(r=0.999 9),线性关系良好;平均加样回收率为101.8%,RSD=1.4%(n=6);测得那坡县10月份的药材中总黄酮含量最高,为2.36 mg/g。(2)高效液相色谱法测定药材中原儿茶酸的含量,标准曲线方程为Y=5.849 9×10~3X+48.393 0(r=0.999 4),原儿茶酸进样量在0.05～1.30μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系;平均加样回收率为98.5%,RSD=2.1%(n=6);测得田林县11月份药材原儿茶酸含量最高,为88.93μg/g。结论:所建立的方法稳定性高,重复性好,可对滇桂艾纳香药材的采收及进一步开发利用提供科学依据。     

HPLC-DAD波长转换法同时测定不同产地滇桂艾纳香中4种成分的含量

目的:建立滇桂艾纳香药材中原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸和芦丁4种成分的含量测定方法,同步测定4种成分含量,为滇桂艾纳香药材的质量控制提供参考。方法:采用HPLC转换波长法,Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸水溶液(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱(0~25 min,10%~18%A;25~45 min,18%~40%A),检测波长256 nm(0~15 min,原儿茶酸),327 nm(15~30 min,绿原酸、咖啡酸),360 nm(30~60 min,芦丁),柱温20℃,流速1.0 m L·min-1。结果:滇桂艾纳香中原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、芦丁进样量分别在0.007~0.13μg(r=0.999 98),0.219~4.38μg(r=0.999 94),0.014~0.28μg(r=0.999 97),0.049~0.98μg(r=0.999 97)与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为98.84%(RSD 2.2%),101.16%(RSD 0.9%),98.00%(RSD 2.8%),101.73%(RSD 1.4%)。含量测定结果显示,百色平果县所产药材中原儿茶酸、绿原酸和芦丁含量均较高,百色靖西县和四川药材咖啡酸含量较高。结论:所建立的方法稳定可靠,灵敏度高,重复性好,可同时测定滇桂艾纳香药材中原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸和芦丁4种成分的含量,可为滇桂艾纳香药材质量评价提供参考。     

HPLC法测定不同产地鸡血藤中原儿茶酸的含量

目的:建立鸡血藤的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定原儿茶酸的含量.C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水-冰醋酸(25:75:0.2),流速1.0mL/min,检测波长260nm.结果:原儿茶酸与样品中其他组分分离效果较好,原儿茶酸在31.1-93.3 μg范围具有良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9996;平均回收率为98.50%,RSD%为1.83%(n=6).结论:采用此法测定鸡血藤中原儿茶酸的含量,准确可靠,可用于该药材的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定鸡血藤类药材中原儿茶酸的含量

目的 测定鸡血藤类药材中原儿茶酸的含量.方法 采用高效液相色谱法测定原儿茶酸的含量,反相C18柱,流动相乙腈-水-磷酸系统(8:92:0.1),等度洗脱,流速1 mL/min,检测波长260 nm.结果 原儿茶酸对照品在0.020～2.008μg范围具有良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 9,平均加样回收率为97.8%,RSD为0.1%(n=5).结论 该法操作简便、快捷,适用于鸡血藤类药材中原儿茶酸含量的测定.     

瑶药扁担藤中原儿茶酸含量测定研究

目的:优选瑶药扁担藤药材中原儿茶酸的提取工艺。方法:以瑶药扁担藤药材中提取的原儿茶酸含量作为评价指标,采取高效液相色谱法测定扁担藤药材中原儿茶酸的含量。采用L9(34)正交试验,对影响扁担藤药材中原儿茶酸效果的三个因素(溶剂浓度、料液比、提取时间)进行优选。结果:药材粗粉在浓度为45%乙醇、料液比为1∶20、提取时间为1.5h时提取效果最好。结论:本实验为优化扁担藤药材中原儿茶酸的提取工艺提供了参考依据。     

HPLC法测定补肾强身片中原儿茶酸的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定补肾强身片中原儿茶酸的含量方法。方法:采用色谱柱为Agilent HC-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-1%冰醋酸(3.5∶96.5);柱温为30℃;流速:1.0ml.min-1;检测波长:260nm;进样量:10μl。结果:原儿茶酸回归方程Y=3081.5151X-0.9753,r=0.9998(n=5),浓度在0.05888~0.35328μg.ml-1范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率97.7﹪,RSD为0.96﹪。结论:HPLC法准确、快速,简便可靠,可用于补肾强身片中原儿茶酸的含量测定。     

金乌骨通胶囊中原儿茶酸和原儿茶醛的含量测定

目的:建立测定金乌骨通胶囊中原儿茶酸和原儿茶醛含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法;色谱条件:安捷伦C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),甲醇-乙腈-1%冰醋酸溶液为流动相(梯度洗脱),流速:1.0ml/min;柱温:35℃;检测波长:256nm。结果:原儿茶酸在0.0793~0.4758μg范围内、原儿茶醛在0.00526~0.3153μg范围内呈良好的线性关系;原儿茶酸平均回收率为97.01%,RSD为1.41%(n=6);原儿茶醛平均回收率为98.19%,RSD为1.82%(n=6)。结论:原儿茶酸峰与原儿茶醛峰及其他杂质峰能够有效分离,其方法简便,准确度、灵敏度高,重现性和稳定性好,能够满足本品有效成分质量控制的要求。     

HPLC法测定乌蕨中原儿茶酸及原儿茶醛的含量

目的:建立乌蕨中原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛的含量测定方法。方法:采用HPLC法测定,色谱柱:迪马Diamonsil ODS C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);Agilent ODS C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:0.4%磷酸溶液(A)-乙腈(B),梯度洗脱;流速:1.0ml/min,进样量:5μl;柱温30℃;检测波长:280nm。结果:原儿茶酸在0.16176-1.2132μg/ml内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.99996;平均回收率为96.70%,RSD为1.30%;原儿茶醛在0.06030-0.45225μg/ml内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.99996,平均回收率为96.18%,RSD为1.10%。结论:该方法测定乌蕨中原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛的含量,结果准确,重复性、稳定性好。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。