利用灵对脑出血大鼠内毒素血症炎症效应的影响

目的 观察脑出血后大鼠继发内毒素血症的炎症效应,并探讨利开灵对其影响.方法 采用Rosenberg法改良后建立大鼠脑出血模型,根据脑出血不同时点(12 、24 、48、72小时)分为4组,每个时间点再分为3组:假手术组、模型组、利开灵组,用终点显色法检测各组血浆内毒素(LPS)水平,ELISA法检测各组血清肿瘤坏死因子...     

醒脑静注射液对严重脓毒症大鼠血清细胞因子的影响

目的:观察醒脑静注射液对严重脓毒症大鼠血清细胞因子即肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的影响。方法:按照随机数字表法将90只SD大鼠随机分为9组,每组各10只:脂多糖(LPS)6 h组、LPS 24 h组、LPS 48 h组、XNJ 6 h组、XNJ 24 h组、XNJ 48 h组、对照6 h组、对照24 h组、对照48 h组。各LPS组、各XNJ组以腹腔注射LPS建立严重脓毒症模型,各XNJ组尾静脉注入醒脑静注射液。用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测9组大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果:各LPS组和各XNJ组不同时间点的CRP浓度随时间延长呈上升趋势,在48 h达到高峰,与各对照组大鼠比较,各LPS组和各XNJ组血清CRP水平升高显著(P<0.05)。各XNJ组不同时间血清CRP浓度较各LPS组为低(P<0.05)。与对照组大鼠比较,各LPS组和各XNJ组血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平升高显著(P<0.05),6 h达高峰,6 h后开始下降。各XNJ组各时间点TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β水平与各LPS组比较,有显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:醒脑静注射液可显著降低严重脓毒症大鼠部分促炎因子的水平并在早期即开始起抑制作用,从而可能起到减轻严重脓毒症炎症反应的作用。     

肠毒清颗粒对肝硬变内毒素血症大鼠模型内毒素及炎症因子的干预作用

目的：探讨肠毒清颗粒对大鼠肝硬变内毒素血症的干预作用。方法：70只大鼠分为正常对照组10只,余60只制作大鼠肝硬变模型组。模型制作成功后,分为模型组、肠毒清高剂量组、肠毒清低剂量组、乳果糖治疗组。观察各组大鼠的内毒素、TNF-α、IL-6及NO水平。结果：模型组与正常组比较,血浆内毒素、肝匀浆TNF-α、IL-6及NO水平明显升高（ P〈0.05）;与模型组比较,肠毒清高剂量组、肠毒清低剂量组、乳果糖组大鼠血浆内毒素、肝匀浆TNF-α、IL-6及NO水平明显降低（ P〈0.05）。肠毒清高剂量组与乳果糖组比较,内毒素、TNF-α、IL-6差异显著（ P〈0.05）;与肠毒清低剂量组比较,血浆内毒素、IL-6差异有统计学意义。乳果糖组TNF-α、NO与肠毒清低剂量组比较,有显著性差异（ P〈0.05）。结论：肠毒清颗粒能够防治肝硬变内毒素血症。     

退黄合剂对急性肝衰竭大鼠内毒素及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平的影响

目的观察退黄合剂对内毒素性急性肝衰竭大鼠血清内毒素及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平的影响。方法将70只SD大鼠随机分为退黄合剂组(实验组),模型组及正常组。实验组及模型组给予脂多糖(50mg/kg)+D-氨基半乳糖(300mg/kg),一次性腹腔注射制作内毒素性急性肝衰竭大鼠模型,观察24h大鼠死亡率,分6h、12h、24h时点检测大鼠血清ALT、AST、内毒素、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平。结果与正常组比较,实验组和模型组ALT、AST、内毒素、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平明显升高;与模型组比较,实验组能显著降低大鼠血清ALT、AST、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平(P0.05);在内毒素水平方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论退黄合剂能够抑制急性肝衰竭大鼠细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的表达,从而保护受损的肝细胞,可能是退黄合剂治疗内毒素性肝损伤的机制之一。     

大承气汤对内毒素血症大鼠炎性细胞因子的影响

目的:观察大承气汤对内毒素血症大鼠炎性细胞因子的影响,探讨大承气汤在治疗内毒素血症中的作用机制。方法:SD大鼠50只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、大承气汤组、大黄组、厚朴组。ig剂量按1g·kg-1给予大鼠,大鼠术前给药2d,末次给药1h后,按盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)方法造模,术后连续按相同剂量给药3d,测定大鼠血浆内毒素和血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-10(IL-10)的含量。结果:与模型组相比,各治疗组血浆内毒素含量、血清TNF-α含量均明显降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各治疗组血清IL-1β和IL-10含量均显著降低,差异显著(P<0.01);IL-1β/IL-10模型组(1.218 6±0.3879)、大承气汤组(0.3891±0.2239)、大黄组(0.3667±0.2489)、厚朴组(0.372 5±0.185 8)亦有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论:大承气汤对内毒素血症的作用机制与拮抗血清炎性细胞因子TNF-α,IL-1β和调节IL-1β/IL-10比值有关。     

脂多糖干预时间与小胶质细胞生成IL-1β和TNF-α时效关系的研究

目的以原代培养的大鼠皮质小胶质细胞为研究对象,观察脂多糖(LPS)处理小胶质细胞时间与小胶质细胞生成白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的时效关系,寻找能够使小胶质细胞产生大量IL-1β、TNF-α的LPS最佳干预时间,为建立最佳小胶质细胞炎症模型提供依据。方法培养原代大鼠皮质小胶质细胞,随机分为10组,5组为LPS组,以含LPS(终浓度为100 ng/m L)的无血清胶质细胞培养液分别孵育1 h、3 h、6h、12 h、24 h;每个LPS组均设平行对照,对照组用无血清胶质细胞培养液孵育,孵育时间同LPS组。孵育结束后,ELISA方法检测各组培养液中IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白含量,RT-PCR方法检测小胶质细胞中IL-1βmRNA和TNF-αmRNA表达水平。结果孵育原代小胶质细胞1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h后,LPS组培养液中IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白含量及小胶质细胞中IL-1βmRNA和TNF-αmRNA表达水平均明显高于对照组(P均0.05);LPS组培养液中IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白含量及小胶质细胞中IL-1βmRNA和TNF-αmRNA表达水平随着处理时间延长逐渐上升,IL-1β在3 h达到高峰,TNF-α在6h时达到高峰,二者在6 h均处于较高水平,以后随时间延长逐渐下降,相邻LPS处理组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论 LPS能够刺激小胶质细胞大量产生IL-1β和TNF-α,这种效应与LPS刺激时间相关,在刺激6 h时IL-1β和TNF-α均处于较高水平,LPS刺激6 h时是理想的小胶质细胞炎症模型。     

穗花杉双黄酮对急性肝损伤大鼠炎症相关因子的影响

目的:研究穗花杉双黄酮(ATF)对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导急性肝损伤大鼠炎症相关因子的影响。方法:将健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组,损伤模型组,阳性对照组,穗花杉双黄酮低、中、高剂量组(15,30,60 mg·kg-1),连续给药7d,末次灌胃给药1 h后,腹腔注射CCl4原液建立急性肝损伤大鼠模型,采用ELISA法分别检测各组大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1),白介素1β(IL-1β),白细胞介素6(IL-6)的含量和肝组织核因子-κB(NF-κB),磷酸化抑制蛋白(nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor protein,IκB-α)的水平,采用鲎试剂终点显色法检测大鼠血浆内毒素(LPS)水平,Real time PCR法检测肝组织TNF-α和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)基因的表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清TNF-α,TGF-β1,IL-1β,IL-6的含量显著升高(P<0.01),大鼠血浆内毒素水平明显提高(P<0.01),肝组织NF-kB和磷酸化IκB-α的水平也明显升高(P<0.01),肝组织TNF-α和iNOS基因的表达也显著上调(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,ATF能显著降低血清TNF-α,TGF-β1,IL-1β,IL-6的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),降低肝组织NF-κB和磷酸化IκB-α的水平,且能显著降低LPS水平,下调肝组织TNF-α和iNOS基因的表达(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:穗花杉双黄酮对四氯化碳致急性肝损伤大鼠具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能通过抑制内毒素引起的Kupffer细胞激活,进而抑制下游核因子NF-κB的激活,减少炎症细胞因子的释放。     

清热解毒方对急性细菌性腹膜炎大鼠血清内毒素及细胞因子的影响

目的 : 观察清热解毒方对腹腔感染大鼠血清内毒素及细胞因子水平的影响。 方法 : Wistar大鼠随机分为4组:对照组、模型组、清热解毒方组、头孢克肟组,ig1次,给药30 min后大肠杆菌ip造成大鼠急性细菌性腹膜炎模型,于6,12,18,24 h后分别检测各组动物血浆内毒素,肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),IL-6,IL-10水平。 结果: 造模后模型组大鼠血清内毒素,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10较对照组明显升高(P<0.01),清热解毒方组与头孢克肟组上述指标较模型组明显降低。 结论: 清热解毒方能有效降低大肠杆菌腹腔感染大鼠血清内毒素及TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10水平。     

茵陈四苓颗粒对急性肝衰竭大鼠肠屏障功能的影响

目的研究茵陈四苓颗粒对急性肝衰竭大鼠模型肠屏障功能的影响。方法将40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性对照组(双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片干预)、中药组(茵陈四苓颗粒干预),予以腹腔注射硫代乙酰胺建立急性肝衰竭大鼠模型,并予以相应药物干预。造模成功48 h后收集腹主动脉血检测大鼠血清AST、ALT、TBIL,HE染色观察大鼠肝肠组织病理,ELISA法测血清DAO、D-LA及炎症因子(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)水平,Western blot检测Occludin及ZO-1蛋白的表达。结果茵陈四苓颗粒可以减缓大鼠体质量下降,抑制AST、ALT、TBIL的升高(P0.05),降低血清DAO、D-LA及炎症因子IL-6、IL-1β及TNF-α的表达(P0.05),促进肠组织中Occludin蛋白、ZO-1蛋白的表达(P0.05)。结论茵陈四苓颗粒可以通过保护急性肝衰竭大鼠肠屏障功能障碍,减轻肠源性内毒素血症,促进肝脏修复。     

清热解毒扶正颗粒对ETM大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-12及TNF-α含量的影响

目的探讨清热解毒扶正颗粒对ETM大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-12及TNF-α含量的影响。方法 90只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型对照组、西药组以及中药低、中、高剂量组,采用腹腔注射脂多糖法(LPS)复制大鼠内毒素血症模型。正常组、模型对照组予生理盐水1ml/100g灌胃,每天1次;西药组给甲基强的松龙1.17mg/100g灌胃,每天1次;中药组给清热解毒扶正颗粒1ml/100g灌胃,每天1次;实验结束后,用ELISA法测定各组血清IL-1β、IL-12、TNF-α的水平。结果与模型组比较,各治疗组均有效降低了血清中IL-1β浓度(P0.05);甲强龙组、中药组高、中剂量组能有效降低血清IL-12浓度(P0.05),低剂量组则不能有效降低血清IL-1β浓度(P0.05);中药中、高剂量组能有效降低血清TNF-α浓度(P0.05),低剂量组、甲强龙组不能有效降低血清TNF-α浓度(P0.05)。结论清热解毒扶正颗粒中、高剂量组能有效下调ETM大鼠血清中IL-1β、IL-12等炎性因子的含量,从而在某种程度上达到对内毒素血症的治疗作用。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.