173例退行性心脏瓣膜病冠状动脉造影结果分析

目的:探讨退行性心脏瓣膜病患者合并冠心病的高危因素,探寻提高退行性心脏瓣膜病围术期冠状动脉(冠脉)造影选择性的方法。方法:回顾性分析2013-01-2017-06我院173例退行性心脏瓣膜病手术患者的临床资料,术前均行冠脉造影(CAG)检查。按是否同期诊断冠脉病变分为冠脉病变组和无冠脉病变组,比较两组患者的临床资料,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析退行性心脏瓣膜病合并冠脉病变的危险因素及临床疗效的差别。结果:CAG结果显示,39例合并冠心病,发生率为22.5%,其中24例同期行冠脉旁路移植术。统计分析表明冠脉病变发生与心脏瓣膜疾病类型之间无明显关联(χ~2=4.045,P=0.132);而年龄≥55岁(OR=4.779,P=0.001)、有典型胸痛症状(OR=102.218,P=0.001)、合并糖尿病(OR=7.436,P=0.016)则是退行性心脏瓣膜病患者合并冠脉病变的独立危险因素。结论:对于年龄≥55岁、有典型胸痛和合并糖尿病的退行性心脏瓣膜病患者术前行CAG检查具有明确的指征。     

高龄非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者冠状动脉内支架术疗效

目的观察75岁以上非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉(冠脉)综合征患者选择性冠脉内支架术的安全性和远期预后.方法连续323例行选择性冠脉内支架术的非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者,其中≥75岁患者79例为高龄组,＜75岁患者244例为对照组.比较两组患者手术结果和远期预后.结果两组支架术成功率和手术并发症率差异无显著性.随访期内,两组心绞痛复发、硝酸酯类药物停用、再入院、心功能改善、再次血运重建和病死率均无显著性差异,但高龄组心脏事件发生率较对照组显著减少(15.7%vs.28.7%,P=0.029).多因素分析显示,年龄不是非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者远期心脏事件的独立预测因素.结论高龄非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者选择性冠脉内支架术有良好的疗效和安全性,远期心脏事件发生率较年轻患者少.     

非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术后远期死亡的危险因素分析

目的 分析非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）后远期死亡的危险因素。 方法 选取阜外医院2009年10月到2012年9月期间由单一术者施行的单纯OPCAB治疗的595例患者,围手术期的临床资料从阜外医院数据库中提取,远期随访采用电话随访和门诊随访的方式进行。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析与OPCAB远期死亡的相关因素。结果 全组患者平均随访时间8年,共有70例患者死亡,远期死亡发生率为11.8%。死亡组与存活组患者在年龄、术前肌酐、高血压、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、术前血红蛋白、术前左心室射血分数（LVEF）、围术期输血、外周动脉疾病的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示结果显示年龄（OR=1.069, 95%CI：1.031-1.108, p=0.000）、术前肌酐（OR=1.021, 95%CI：1.008-1.033, p=0.001）、高血压（OR=2.513, 95%CI：1.209-5.221, p=0.014）、COPD（OR=7.140, 95%CI：2.342-21.768, p=0.001）是OPCAB术后远期死亡的独立危险因素,LVEF（OR=0.948, 95%CI：0.920-0.977, p=0.001）是OPCAB术后远期死亡的保护因素,即术前LVEF值越高,远期死亡的风险越低。 结论 年龄、术前肌酐、高血压、COPD是OPCAB患者远期死亡的独立危险因素,LVEF是保护因素。     

冠状动脉内支架术预后的性别差异

目的 :探讨性别因素对冠心病患者选择性冠状动脉 （冠脉 ）内支架术近期结果和远期预后的影响。方法 :连续682例冠心病患者行选择性冠脉内支架术 ,其中男性 543例 ,女性 13 9例。比较二者支架术近期结果及远期随访。结果 :男、女两组支架术成功率 （95.8%和 97.1% ,P=0 .464）相似 ,但女性手术并发症较男性显著增多 （5.0 %和0 .9% ,P=0 .0 0 3 ）。多因素分析显示性别是手术并发症的独立预测因素 （RR 4.86,95% CI 1.2 9～ 18.4,P=0 .0 2 0 ）。随访 16± 8月 ,随访率为 94.8%。随访期内 ,男、女两组心脏事件发生率 （2 1.4%和 2 2 .3 % ）、病死率 （4.6%和 4.6% ）及造影再狭窄率 （13 .1%和 14 .6% ）差异均无显著性 （均 P>0 .0 5） ,多因素分析显示 ,性别不是冠脉内支架术后远期心脏事件和死亡的独立预测因素。结论 :性别对选择性冠脉内支架术远期预后无明显影响 ,但女性患者手术并发症率高     

雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架与紫杉醇药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病疗效的Meta分析

目的 比较雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架（sirolimus-eluting stent,SES）与紫杉醇药物洗脱支架（paclitaxel-eluting stent,PES）治疗冠心病的疗效与安全性.方法 计算机检索PubMed、MEDLINE、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、CNKI全文数据库,收集2006年1月至2011年10月公开发表的有关SES和PES疗效和安全性比较的随机对照试验（RCTs）.对文献质量进行严格评价后,符合要求的RCTs进行资料提取及采用RevMen 5.1软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入9项RCTs,Meta分析显示：SES组与PES组病死率（OR=0.98,95%CI：0.74～1.31,P＞0.05）、心肌梗死率（OR=0.86,95%CI：0.69～1.07,P＞0.05）和支架内血栓发生率（OR=0.94,95%CI：0.67～1.32,P＞0.05）均无统计学差异,但靶病变血运重建（TLR）率（OR=0.67,95%CI：0.51～0.89,P＜0.05）、主要心脏不良事件（MACE）发生率（OR=0.08,95%CI：0.68～0.94,P＜0.05）和支架内再狭窄率（OR=0.44,95%CI：0.24～0.79,P＜0.05）的差异有统计学意义.结论 两种药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病患者的病死率、心肌梗死率和支架内血栓发生率相似,但与PES比较,SES能明显降低支架术后TLR、MACE和支架内再狭窄的发生率.     

血管内超声指导冠状动脉旋磨对比切割球囊在左主干钙化病变单支架术式中应用1年的随访疗效分析

目的:探讨在血管内超声(IVUS)指导下行冠状动脉(冠脉)旋磨对比切割球囊在左主干钙化病变单支架术式中应用的疗效与安全性,为临床提供参考。方法:回顾性纳入左主干钙化病变行单支架术式的79例患者,按预处理方式分为旋磨组(26例)和切割球囊组(53例)。比较两组患者基本资料、病变特点、PCI终点并发症及1年主要心血管不良事件(MACE)。采用单因素和多因素Cox回归分析MACE的危险因素。结果:旋磨组术后即刻左主干最小支架内面积[(10.26±1.63) mm~2∶(11.27±2.09) mm~2,P=0.020]和前降支管腔面积[(7.50±0.72) mm~2∶(8.21±1.75)mm~2,P=0.012]显著大于切割球囊组。两组患者PCI并发症发生率无统计学差异。K-M曲线显示两组患者1年MACE发生率无统计学差异(P=0.824)。单因素和多因素Cox回归分析显示,边支受压(OR:7.561,95%CI:1.494～38.255,P=0.014)、支架膨胀不良(OR:12.124,95%CI:1.529～96.152,P=0.018)和最终血流小于TIMI 3级(OR:19.803,95%CI:1.973～198.791,P=0.011)是1年MACE发生的独立危险因素。结论:在IVUS指导下对行单支架术式的左主干尾部钙化病变进行冠脉旋磨与切割球囊相比可以使PCI术后即刻获得更大管腔面积,且安全性相当。     

依维莫司药物洗脱支架与西罗莫司药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病疗效的Meta分析

目的 比较依维莫司药物洗脱支架（everolimus-eluting stent,EES）与西罗莫司药物洗脱支架（sirolimus-eluting stent,SES）治疗冠心病的疗效与安全性.方法 计算机检索PubMed、MEDLINE、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、CNKI全文数据库,收集2007年1月至2012年12月公开发表的有关EES和SES疗效和安全性比较的随机对照试验（RCT）,同时辅以手检纳入文献的参考文献.对文献质量进行严格评价后,符合要求的RCTs进行资料提取及采用RevMen5.1软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入7项RCTs,Meta分析显示：EES组与SES组之间病死率（OR=0.98,95%CI：0.85～1.12,P=0.75）、心源性病死率（OR=1.05,95%CI：0.88～1.25,P=0.57）、靶病变血运重建（TLR）率（OR=0.92,95%CI：0.65～1.31,P=0.65）、主要心脏不良事件（MACE）发生率（OR=0.95,95%CI：0.77～1.18,P=0.66）、支架内血栓发生率（OR=0.80,95%CI：0.49～1.32,P=0.39）、支架内再狭窄发生率（OR=0.89,95%CI：0.26～3.04,P=0.85）均无统计学差异,但EES组心肌梗死发生率低于SES组（OR=0.66,95%CI：0.53～0.80,P＜0.001）有统计学差异.结论 在冠心病支架介入治疗中,EES能更显著降低支架术后的心肌梗死的发生率,但在病死率,心源性病死率,TLR、MACE、支架内血栓和支架内再狭窄的发生率方面,与SES相似.     

老年冠状动脉搭桥术后急性心肌梗死患者2年预后分析

目的：观察老年冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）后急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者2年预后情况,分析影响预后的因素。方法：入选2017年6月-2020年6月CABG术后因AMI就诊的老年患者。收集临床资料,进行2年随访,观察心血管事件。应用SPSS 27.0统计软件分析。结果：患者共70例,2年随访有31例（44.3%）患者发生心血管事件。Logistic 回归分析显示年龄>75岁（OR=6.465,95%CI:1.454-28.734）、CABG术后吸烟（OR=5.874,95%CI:1.457-23.674）、介入术后TIMI血流<3级（OR=9.353,95%CI:1.279-68.371）为心血管事件的危险因素,原位冠状动脉介入治疗（OR=0.153,95%CI:0.043-0.540）为心血管事件的保护因素。结论：对于CABG术后发生AMI的老年患者,年龄>75岁、CABG术后吸烟、介入术后TIMI血流<3级增加心血管事件,原位冠状动脉介入治疗可减少事件。     

TRI术后桡动脉闭塞的相关危险因素Meta分析

【摘要】目的:系统评价经桡动脉途径行冠状动脉介入术（TRI）后桡动脉闭塞（RAO）危险因素,为冠状动脉介入术治疗以及术后桡动脉闭塞的预防提供临床指导。方法 检索外文数据库PubMed、Embase、Cochrance Library、及中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据库已公开发表的的关于国内外TRI术后RAO的相关危险因素的研究文献,检索时间为建库至今。根据纳入标准与排除标准选出符合要求的文献,采用stata14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入8篇研究,3395例研究对象,TRI术后RAO的总发生率为6.65%（226/3395）,Meta分析结果显示:年龄[MD=0.06,95%CI（-0.258,0.378）,P=0.712]、女性[OR=1.737,95%CI（1.302,2.319）,P<0.05]、体重指数[MD= 0.008,95%CI（-0.174,0.190）,P=0.749]、高血压史[OR=0.722,95%CI（0.353,1.477）,P=0.373]、高血脂史[OR=0.793,95%CI（0.629,1.505）,P=0.901]、糖尿病史[OR=1.210,95%CI（0.883,1.659）,P=0.236]、吸烟史[OR=1.405,95%CI（0.987,2.000）,P=0.059]、既往CABG[OR=3.735,95%CI（0.035,402.984）,P=0.581]、既往TRI[OR=1.213,95%CI（0.328,4.494）,P=0.772]、冠状动脉疾病[OR=1.692,95%CI（1.056,2.713）,P=0.029]、肌酐[MD=-0.033,95%CI（-0.208,0.143）,P=0.714]、桡动脉平均直径[MD=-0.938,95%CI（-1.357,-0.520）,P<0.05]、6F鞘管[OR=0.904,95%CI（0.549,1.488）P=0.691]、5F鞘管[OR=1.107,95%CI（0.672,1.822）P=0.689]、右侧路径[OR=0.874,95%CI（0.589,1.297）,P=0.504]、阿司匹林[OR=1.005,95%CI（0.687,1.470）,P=0.980]、氯吡格雷[OR=1.206, 95%CI（0.768,1.893）,P=0.416]、β阻滞剂[OR=0.925,95%CI（0.228,3.755）,P=0.913]、鞘管/桡动脉直径[MD=1.526,95%CI（0.743,2.308）,P<0.05]、桡动脉痉挛[OR=2.973,95%CI(1.117,7.914）,P=0.029]、手术时间[MD=0.277,95%CI（-0.259,0.813）,P=0.312]、肝素用量[MD=-0.088,95%CI（-0.305,0.128）,P=0.424]结论 TRI术后RAO的发生率与女性、冠状动脉疾病史、桡动脉平均直径、鞘管/桡动脉直径比值、桡动脉痉挛有关.     

血管内超声与冠状动脉造影指导的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗急性心肌梗死有效性和安全性的Meta分析

目的：系统评价血管内超声（intravascular ultrasound,IVUS）与冠状动脉造影指导的经皮冠状动脉介入（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效和安全性。方法：计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、CBM、CNKI、维普数据库和万方数据库，纳入血管内超声在急性心肌梗死PCI治疗中应用的相关临床研究，采用RevMan5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。结果：最终纳入9篇满足要求的临床研究，共计39 302例患者。Meta分析结果显示：与冠状动脉造影指导的急性心肌梗死PCI治疗相比，IVUS指导PCI的主要心血管不良事件（OR=0.80,95%CI:0.74～0.86,P <0.00001）、心源性死亡（OR=0.64,95%CI:0.48～0.85,P=0.002）、心肌梗死（OR=0.86,95%CI:0.74～0.99,P=0.04）、支架内血栓（OR=0.65,95%CI:0.49～0.88,P=0.005）、靶血管血运重建（OR=0.80,95%...     

Correlation between the ST/heart rate slope and the severity of coronary disease in inferior infarcts. A new criterion of positivity of the ergometric test

We reviewed a group of 80 patients who had bicycle exercise stress testing and cardiac catheterization: 60 patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD) had a remote myocardial infarction, anterior, inferior, Q and no Q wave (post MI), 20 patients evaluated for suspected CAD resulted to have normal coronary arteries or lesions less than 50%. Patients were divided into three groups according to the extent of CAD. Group I with anatomically or functionally high risk CAD: left main (LM) stenosis greater than or equal to 50%, 3 vessels CAD greater than or equal to 70%, proximal left anterior descending stenosis (PLAD) greater than or equal to 90% with another vessel CAD; group II with one or two vessels CAD greater than or equal to 70%; group III with no or insignificant CAD. Linear regression analysis of the heart rate (HR)--related change in ST segment depression (ST/HR slope) was compared with six conventional electrocardiographic exercise test criteria to evaluate whether ST/HR slope can identify with improved accuracy group I. When all 80 patients are assessed together, ST/HR slope greater than or equal to 60 mm/beat/min 10(3) compared with standard electrocardiographic criteria failed to discriminate significantly between high-risk CAD (group I) and less extensive (group II) or insignificant CAD (group III). When only Q wave inferior post MI are considered, ST/HR slope greater than or equal to 60 mm/beat/min. 10(3) compared with ST segment depression greater than or equal to 1 mm identifies group I with 90% +/- 4 versus 75% +/- 6 overall predictive accuracy (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

平板运动试验不同标准诊断冠心病的价值

目的探讨活动平板运动心电图ST段压低、QRS积分和ST／HR指数3种标准诊断冠心病的价值。方法选取可疑冠心病患者共177例,以冠状动脉造影结果为金标准,评价平板运动心电图3种标准诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性。结果ST段压低、QRS积分和ST／HR指数诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性均依次增高,ST／HR指数与ST段压低相比敏感性和特异性差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）,而QRS积分与ST段压低相比仅特异性差异有显著性意义（P〈005）。另外,ST／HR指数随着冠状动脉病变数目的增多而增高,QRS积分随着病变数目的增多而减少。结论①ST／HR指数可提高对冠心病的诊断价值;②当存在干扰性ST段压低时,采用QRS积分是较好的选择;③ST／HR指数、QRS积分可预计冠状动脉病变情况。     

Heart rate adjustment of ST-segment depression for reduction of false positive electrocardiographic responses to exercise in asymptomatic men screened for coronary artery disease

The ability of heart rate (HR) correction of exercise-induced ST-segment depression (the delta ST/HR index) to reduce the number of false positive exercise electrocardiograms during initial screening for occult coronary artery disease (CAD) was examined in active, asymptomatic men from the Army Reserve. Among 606 consecutive men given treadmill tests, 62 asymptomatic subjects with normal results on resting electrocardiograms but abnormal outcomes on standard exercise electrocardiograms underwent rest and exercise radionuclide cineangiography, and the 10 subjects with abnormal radionuclide findings then underwent coronary angiography. A previously established delta ST/HR index less than 1.6 microV/beat/min correctly identified 34 of 52 subjects (65%) who, despite abnormal standard exercise electrocardiographic findings, had no rest or exercise radionuclide abnormalities. A delta ST/HR index greater than or equal to 1.6 microV/beta/min detected 7 of 7 subjects with abnormal radionuclide cineangiograms who had CAD at cardiac catheterization, but also identified 2 of 3 subjects with an abnormal radionuclide test who had no CAD. In contrast to the 7 of 62 subjects (11%) with abnormal standard exercise test criteria who had radionuclide and angiographic evidence of CAD, a delta ST/HR index partition of 1.6 microV/beat/min separated subjects into subgroups with 0% (0 of 35) vs 26% (7 of 27) prevalences of CAD by serial diagnostic evaluation (p less than 0.01). Thus, among asymptomatic subjects with abnormal electrocardiographic responses to exercise, simple HR correction of the magnitude of ST-segment depression reduced by 56% the number of subjects with standard exercise test criteria leading to referral for additional diagnostic evaluation, without loss of sensitivity for angiographically proven CAD and with accurate negative predictive value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

心电图平板运动试验阳性患者运动后收缩压恢复延迟与冠状动脉病变程度相关性研究

目的:探讨心电图平板运动试验阳性的患者,运动后收缩压恢复延迟与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性研究。方法:经症状限制性运动试验检查,并于30d内行冠状动脉造影患者。运动后收缩压恢复延迟定义为:运动后3min收缩压与运动后1min收缩压比值≥1.0,(即:收缩压恢复比值rSBPR3min/1min≥1.0)。冠状动脉病变程度的量化指标:应用杜克预后评分方法(分值范围0~100),将积分≥42确定为重度冠状动脉病变。入选164例年龄36~78岁,平均(57±8)岁,男性82%,重度冠状动脉病变患者73例(44%)。结果:收缩压恢复比值与冠状动脉病变严重程度杜克预后评分呈明显正相关(r=0.84,P<0.001)。二分类变量Logisitic回归分析,在调节运动SBP变化和临床情况等因素,收缩压恢复比值(rSBPR)仍能反映冠状动脉疾病严重程度OR=2.43(95%CI1.31~4.50)P=0.005。冠状动脉造影阳性组rSBPR较冠状动脉造影阴性组明显增高(P<0.05),但与是否合并高血压病无关(P>0.05)。结论:运动后收缩压恢复延迟与冠状动脉病变严重程度明显相关。     

平板运动试验的心率校正ST段下移指标对冠心病的预测价值

目的：探讨平板运动试验中ST段下移、△ST／△HR指数和最大ST／HR斜率预测冠心病的价值。方法：对已行冠脉造影检查并在造影前有平板运动试验资料的120例患者资料进行分析。研究ST段下移、△ST／△HR指数和最大ST／HR斜率诊断冠心病的敏感性、特异性。结果：120例患者冠脉造影阳性者66例。ST段下移、△ST／△HR指数和最大ST／HR斜率的（敏感性和特异性）分别为（69．7％、72．2％）、（92．4％、88．9％）和（93．9％、90．7％）。冠心病组△ST／△HR指数和最大ST／HR斜率敏感性、特异性均显著高于非冠心病组（P〈0．01）。结论：平板运动试验中采用心率校正的ST段指标能提高对冠心病的诊断价值。     

Correlation of the exercise ST/HR slope with anatomic and radionuclide cineangiographic findings in stable angina pectoris

A rate-related change in ST-segment depression with exercise (ST/HR slope) of 6.0 microV/beat/min or more has been proposed as an accurate predictor of 3-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD). To further assess the accuracy and functional correlates of this method, exercise electrocardiograms were compared with radionuclide rest and exercise left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and angiography in 35 patients with stable angina. The ST/HR slope was significantly increased in patients with 3-vessel CAD. An ST/HR slope of 6.0 or more identified 3-vessel CAD with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 88%. The predictive value for 3-vessel CAD was 73% owing to the presence of 3 false-positive slopes. The patients from whom these slopes were derived had functionally severe 2-vessel CAD, with an average decrease in exercise LVEF of 13%. Two of these 3 had additional left main CAD and the third has unsuspected additional aortic regurgitation. For the entire group, the exercise ST/HR slope was linearly related to the exercise change in LVEF (r = -0.55, p less than 0.001). Mean exercise change in LVEF for stable angina patients with ST/HR slopes of 4.5 or more was significantly different from that for patients with lower ST/HR slopes (-12 +/- 1% vs + 2 +/- 2%, p less than 0.0001). Thus, the ST/HR slope is both sensitive and specific for the identification of 3-vessel CAD, and high ST/HR slopes in patients with less extensive anatomic disease may predict functionally severe ischemia.     

Clinical significance of simple heart rate-adjusted ST segment depression in supine leg exercise in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease

To evaluate the clinical significance of simple heart rate-adjusted ST segment depression (delta ST/delta HR) in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, 42 patients with stable exertional angina underwent supine leg exercise testing and cardiac catheterization. During exercise, heart rate, a multilead electrocardiogram, and pulmonary artery wedge pressure were recorded. The sensitivity and accuracy of the delta ST/delta HR criteria (greater than or equal to 3.0 microV/beat/min) were significantly greater than the conventional analysis of ST segment depression criteria (greater than or equal to 0.2 mV) for detecting three-vessel coronary artery disease at a matched specificity of 72% (100% versus 46%, 81% versus 64%, p less than 0.01). A significant linear correlation was found between maximum pulmonary artery wedge pressure increments during exercise (delta PAWP) or Gensini score and the delta ST/delta HR (delta PAWP: r = 0.51, p less than 0.001; Gensini score: r = 0.47, p less than 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the delta PAWP or Gensini score between patients with three-vessel disease who had delta ST/delta HR greater than or equal to 3.0 microV/beat/min and those with one- or two-vessel disease who had delta ST/delta HR greater than or equal to 3.0 microV/beat/min (delta PAWP: 18.1 +/- 2.0 versus 21.9 +/- 3.3, p = NS; Gensini score: 68.5 +/- 6.6 versus 66.3 +/- 11.3, p = NS). These findings demonstrate that delta ST/delta HR is more useful than a conventional analysis of ST segment depression for identifying not only anatomically severe coronary artery disease but also functionally severe coronary artery disease.     

血管内超声在ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊介入诊疗中的应用研究

目的探讨血管内超声（IVUS）在ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者急诊介入诊疗中的应用价值。方法对入选的100例STEMI患者行冠脉造影（CAG）,根据CAG结果对梗死相关血管行血栓抽吸术或经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（PTCA）。试验组52例应用IVUS评价梗死相关血管最小管腔面积、斑块性质及是否夹层,决定是否置入支架,以及是否达到支架置入术后IVUS满意标准,如没有,则进一步干预,直到满意。对照组48例根据CAG结果决定是否置入支架,以及支架置入术后是否达到CAG的满意标准,如果没有,则进一步干预,直到满意。结果支架置入术后即刻梗死相关血管远端TIMI血流,术后1个月、3个月、6个月主要心血管不良事件,临床心功能（NYHA分级）及EF值两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。试验组未出现与IVUS相关的严重并发症,支架置入率低,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论在STEMI患者急诊介入诊疗中应用IVUS是安全的、可行的,支架置入率低。     

One-year outcome in multivessel coronary disease patients undergoing coronary stenting.

The purpose of this study was to assess 1-year clinical outcome of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary stenting and were prospectively enrolled in the Registro Impianto Stent Endocoronarico (RISE). Of 939 consecutive patients included in the registry, 377 patients with angiographic evidence of multivessel CAD had a 1-year clinical follow-up. All patients underwent PTCA and single or multiple stenting in at least one vessel. Angiographic optimization was usually performed by using high-pressure balloon dilation. After the procedure, continuation of aspirin (at least 250 mg/day) was recommended, whereas the use of anticoagulation or ticlopidine was determined by the physician in charge of the patient in the various centers. Major adverse cardiac events were defined as death, Q-wave or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization. Mean age of patients (311 men, 66 women) was 60 +/- 10 years. Globally, there were 596 stents implanted (72% Palmaz-Schatz stents) in 434 vessels. In about 75% of the procedures, an inflation pressure > 12 atm was used. Angiographic success rate was 98.5%. After stenting, 77% of patients received antiplatelet treatment with ticlopidine and aspirin. During hospitalization, there were 34 major adverse cardiac events in 24 patients. At 1-year follow-up, 309 patients were alive and event-free; cumulative incidence of death, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization were 2.9%, 4.7%, and 10.8%, respectively. By Cox regression analysis, multiple stents implantation (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1-2.97), left anterior descending artery revascularization (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.01-3.42), use of inflation pressure > 12 atm (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.97), ticlopidine therapy (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23-0.74), and stent length (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05) were associated with 1-year major cardiac events. In patients with multivessel CAD undergoing stent implantation in at least one vessel, 1-year follow-up is favorable and the need for repeat revascularization procedures, based on clinical data, is lower than previously reported for conventional PTCA. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 48:343-349, 1999.     

β受体阻滞剂对军事训练后心血管病高危患者应激反应与心功能的影响

目的 观察β受体阻滞剂对心血管病高危患者军事训练后应激反应与心脏功能的影响.方法 采用问卷调查、体格检查和12导联心电图综合调查的方法,纳入某集团军心血管病高危人群同时心率≥60次/min者80例,随机分为高危给药组（n=40）和高危对照组（n=40）,另选取低危人群中心率≥60次/min且年龄相当者40例作为低危对照组.高危给药组在运动前5天起持续给予琥珀酸美托洛尔（23.75 mg,qd）,高危对照组和低危对照组予相同剂量安慰剂.比较三组5千米跑步运动前后心率、血压变化,以及肾上腺素（EPI）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、热休克蛋白70（HSP70）和脑钠肽（BNP）浓度的变化.结果 运动前三组心率血压乘积和各项生化指标无明显差异,运动后低危对照组、高危给药组和高危对照组心率血压乘积、EPI、hs-CRP、HSP70、BNP浓度均逐渐升高,两两之间都存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）.结论 心血管病高危患者军事训练后的应激反应及心脏功能改变较低危者明显,提前应用β受体阻滞剂可以改善这一趋势,有助于减少急性心血管病事件甚至心源性猝死的发生.