比伐卢定在肾功能不全ACS患者PCI中的疗效及安全性研究

目的:探讨合并肾功能不全的急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)围手术期应用比伐卢定的安全性和有效性。方法:215例拟行PCI术的肾功能不全ACS患者被随机分为比伐卢定组109例和肝素组106例,分别于术中应用比伐卢定和肝素抗凝,比较两组患者术中抗凝效果,术后30d内出血事件及主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生率。结果:比伐卢定组和肝素组术中活化凝血酶时间(ACT)及其达标率比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),两组患者术后30d内MACE事件发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),比伐卢定组术后30d内轻度出血及总体出血发生率显著低于肝素组(P0.05),且不随肾功能下降而显著增加出血风险。结论:比伐卢定在伴有肾功能不全的ACS患者PCI术中的抗凝效果与肝素相当,且能明显减少术后出血发生率。     

高龄急性冠脉综合征伴糖尿病患者应用比伐卢定的疗效及安全性

目的探讨高龄急性冠脉综合征合并糖尿病患者行经皮冠脉介入(PCI)时应用比伐卢定抗凝的疗效及安全性。方法急性冠脉综合征合并糖尿病,择期行冠脉造影及PCI治疗且年龄≥75岁的患者141例,随机分为比伐卢定组(70例)及肝素组(71例)。比较两组PCI术后30 d出血发生率及主要不良心血管事件。结果比伐卢定组术后出血发生率(2.86%)明显低于肝素组(9.86%,P0.05);30 d主要不良心血管事件两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在高龄急性冠脉综合征合并糖尿病患者中使用比伐卢定安全有效,降低出血发生率,未增加不良心血管事件。     

比伐卢定与肝素在老年STEMI患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的疗效和安全性比较

目的比较老年ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中应用肝素与比伐卢定的疗效与安全性。方法选取北京昌平区医院2013年1月~2015年12月行急诊PCI的老年STEMI患者296例,其中男性180例,女性116例。依据用药不同分为肝素组(169例)和比伐卢定组(127例)。检测术前及术后24 h凝血4项,包括活化部分凝血酶时间、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间、纤维蛋白原浓度。记录术后24 h及30 d主要不良心血管事件(MACE),包括死亡、心肌梗死、再次血运重建,记录术后30 d内出血事件发生情况。结果 2组术前以及术后凝血指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。肝素组术后出血21例(12.43%),轻度出血19例,其中13例为咯血,6例为皮肤黏膜出血;重度出血2例,1例为消化道出血,另1例为脑出血。比伐卢定组术后出血6例(4.72%),轻度出血5例,均为咯血,重度出血1例,为消化道出血。比伐卢定组轻度出血及总出血发生率明显低于肝素组,3.94%vs.11.24%,4.72%vs.12.43%,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。术后30 d,比伐卢定组较肝素组MACE发生率降低(2.36%vs.7.69%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。比伐卢定组总的MACE发生率明显低于肝素组(3.15%vs.8.88%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论老年STEMI患者急诊PCI中应用比伐卢定较应用肝素术后出血和30 d主要不良心血管事件减少。     

国产比伐卢定在2型糖尿病并ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者冠脉介入术中抗凝疗效及安全性评价

目的:评价国产比伐卢定在2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)中的抗凝疗效及安全性。方法:选择确诊T2DM并STEMI且须直接行PCI治疗患者100例,随机分为2组:比伐卢定组50例,PCI术中采用比伐卢定抗凝;肝素组50例,PCI术中采用普通肝素抗凝。比较2组用药前、后活化凝血时间(ACT)、术后6 h凝血4项、PCI疗效[术后2 h ST段回落百分比、术后7 d左心室射血分数(LVEF)]、术后30 d内出血事件及主要不良心血管事件(MACE)。结果:1用药后5、30 min及术后即刻,比伐卢定组的ACT值均高于肝素组(均P0.05);2手术结束后,比伐卢定组ACT值下降更迅速,于术后1 h下降至用药前水平,而肝素组下降较慢,于术后6 h才下降至用药前水平;3 2组PCI疗效(术后2 h ST段回落百分比、术后7 d LVEF)及术后30 d内MACE比较,差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);4比伐卢定组术后30 d内出血事件低于肝素组(P0.05)。结论:与普通肝素抗凝相比,国产比伐卢定在T2DM并STEMI患者PCI术中,效果更强,疗效更稳定,出血事件发生率更低。     

比伐卢定在高龄急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的疗效观察

目的:观察在年龄70岁的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术中应用比伐卢定抗凝的安全性及疗效。方法:采用回顾性病例对照研究,收集2016-01-2017-01因急性STEMI就诊于我院并行急诊PCI术且年龄70岁的患者共136例,根据术中基础抗凝药物的应用分为两组:比伐卢定组66例及普通肝素组70例。主要观察住院期间及术后30d内的出血及主要心血管不良事件(MACE)。结果:两组患者在年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、术中联合使用血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂(GPI)等方面无统计学差异。普通肝素组患者术后依诺肝素和磺达肝癸钠使用概率明显大于比伐卢定组(P0.05)。与普通肝素组比较,比伐卢定组术后30d内总体出血事件发生率(5.7%︰3.0%)、支架内血栓事件发生率(1.4%︰0)及MACE发生率(8.6%︰3.0%)均有降低,但两组差异无统计学意义。结论:高龄急性STEMI患者急诊PCI术中抗凝治疗应用比伐卢定与普通肝素相比,出血及MACE事件发生率无明显差异,比伐卢定抗凝治疗安全有效。     

急性心肌梗死患者PCI术中应用普通肝素与比伐卢定的疗效比较

目的对比普通肝素与比伐卢定应用于急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的疗效及安全性。方法连续入选2016年6月~2017年3月于河南科技大学第一附属医院治疗的急性心肌梗死患者153例,男性81例,女性72例,年龄65~87岁。按照随机数字表分为普通肝素组(76例)和比伐卢定组(77例)。比伐卢定组患者术前及术中应用比伐卢定;普通肝素组术前注射肝素。用药前检测血小板计数、激活全血凝固时间(ACT),用药后1 h、4 h、24 h复测。观察两组治疗后1年内心血管不良事件以及出血发生率。结果比伐卢定组用药后1 h的ACT值为(151.3±32.9)s,显著低于普通肝素组的(280.7±35.9)s;用药后4 h,比伐卢定组的ACT值仍低于普通肝素组[(143.5±28.9)s vs.(214.9±39.9)s],差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。比伐卢定组与普通肝素组各时间点的血小板计数比较,差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。比伐卢定组共有10例(13.0%)出现心血管不良事件,普通肝素组有13例(17.1%),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者均未发生重度出血。比伐卢定组无显著意义出血发生率为9.1%,显著低于普通肝素组的32.9%,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。比伐卢定组总出血率为10.4%,低于普通肝素组的36.8%,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论在行PCI的急性心肌梗死患者中,与应用普通肝素相比,使用比伐卢定可获得良好的抗凝效果,且出血发生率低,不增加心血管不良事件的发生。     

国产比伐卢定和普通肝素在急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的比较

目的评价国产比伐卢定在急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中抗凝的有效性及安全性。方法选择2012年7月至2013年3月收治的90例发病12 h以内、接受急诊PCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为比伐卢定组(40例)和肝素组(50例),术中分别使用比伐卢定和普通肝素抗凝,观察并比较两组患者的冠状动脉病变特征、心肌梗死溶栓实验(TIMI)血流分级、术后1 h和4 h部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、术前及术后24 h血小板计数,以及30 d主要不良心血管事件(MACE)等,评价安全性的指标主要为血小板是否减少和出血并发症。结果两组患者病变支数、罪犯血管、TIMI血流分级差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者随访30 d,无再发心肌梗死、支架内血栓、心原性死亡发生。两组患者急诊PCI术前血小板计数、凝血酶时间、凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白原、APTT值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),比伐卢定组停药后1 h的APTT值明显小于肝素组[(160.0±25.6)s比(165.0±27.6)s,t=2.412,P=0.02],但停药后4 h的APTT值虽仍小于肝素组,但差异无统计学意义[(37.6±11.5)s比(40.3±12.6)s,t=0.573,P=0.56]。两组均无严重出血发生,无血小板减少,比伐卢定组轻度出血事件少于肝素组,但差异无统计学意义[2例(5.0%)比4例(8.0%),χ2=0.321,P=0.57]。结论在急诊PCI术中,国产比伐卢定抗凝治疗具有良好的安全性和有效性。     

国产比伐卢定对急性冠状动脉综合征患者介入术中凝血功能的影响

目的:探讨国产注射用比伐卢定和普通肝素在急性冠状动脉综合征患者冠状动脉介入术中对凝血功能的影响。方法:入选95例择期行PCI的急性冠状动脉综合征患者,随机分为肝素组(n=49)和比伐卢定组(n=46),其中肝素组脱落3例,比伐卢定组脱落5例,比伐卢定组和肝素组各剔除6例。根据分组不同术中分别采用国产注射用比伐卢定或肝素抗凝。分别在用药前、用药后5 min、首次用药后30 min、停药后1 h及6 h检测活化凝血时间(ACT)。比较首次给药5min后和30min后的ACT达标率。结果:2组患者基线资料具有可比性,术前凝血指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),比伐卢定组和肝素组用药后ACT值迅速升高,2组5min和30minACT达标率相当,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。用药结束后比伐卢定组ACT值下降迅速,用药结束后1hACT值较肝素组显著降低,2组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。用药结束后6 h,2组ACT值下降至与基线相当,2组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肝素组用药后5 min、30 min和1 h,ACT值的标准差均大于比伐卢定组。结论:与常规肝素抗凝相比,比伐卢定在PCI术中可以获得更稳定的抗凝效果,其作为抗凝剂用于PCI术中安全有效。     

比伐卢定在高龄急性冠状动脉综合征患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的应用体会

目的：比较年龄＞80岁的急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）围手术期应用比伐卢定和普通肝素的安全性和有效性。方法共入选64例患者,按顺序交替分为两组,PCI术中分别应用普通肝素（32例）或比伐卢定（32例）,比较两组抗凝效果、PCI成功率、出血不良反应发生率。结果普通肝素组和比伐卢定组术中活化凝血时间（ACT）达标分别为30例（93.8%）和28例（87.5%）,PCI成功分别为26例（81.2%）和28例（87.5%）,两组差异均无统计学意义;轻度出血分别为4例（12.5%）和1例（3.1%）,严重出血分别为2例（6.2%）和0例,总体出血分别为6例（18.8%）和1例（3.1%）,两组差异有统计学意义,比伐卢定组优于普通肝素组（P＜0.05）。结论比伐卢定在高龄ACS患者PCI术中的抗凝疗效与普通肝素相当,而且出血不良反应发生率显著低于普通肝素。     

比伐卢定对IABP辅助下急性心肌梗死行PCI患者的疗效及血小板数量的影响

目的 评价比伐卢定对主动脉内球囊反搏术（IABP）辅助下急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析了2013年1月至2015年9月于沈阳军区总医院接受IABP联合PCI治疗的AMI患者92例,依据术中抗凝药的使用情况,分为两组：比伐卢定组（n＝30）和肝素组（n＝62）。观察指标为PCI围术期出血和主要心脏不良事件（MACE）发生率。结果 比伐卢定组患者住院期间出血事件发生率较肝素组低,但差异无统计学意义。比伐卢定组血小板下降幅度显著低于肝素组（P＝0.002）。随访期间两组患者MACE发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 PCI术中应用比伐卢定抗凝对IABP辅助的AMI患者是安全有效的,且对血小板数量影响较小。     

Bleeding risk and outcomes of Bivalirudin versus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors with targeted low-dose unfractionated Heparin in patients having percutaneous coronary intervention for either stable or unstable angina pectoris

For patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), procedural anticoagulation with bivalirudin was previously shown to significantly reduce bleeding complications at the cost of a modest increase in ischemic events compared with unfractionated heparin (UFH) and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs). However, the excess bleeding in patients treated with UFH and GPIs may have been caused by excessively high UFH doses and increased activated clotting times. This study sought to determine the bleeding risk of targeted low-dose UFH with GPIs compared with bivalirudin in patients undergoing elective PCI. Of 1,205 patients undergoing elective PCI, 602 underwent PCI with adjunctive UFH and GPIs with the UFH dose targeted to an activated clotting time of approximately 250 seconds, and 603 patients matched for baseline characteristics underwent PCI with bivalirudin. Outcomes were analyzed for major bleeding (hematocrit decrease >15%, gastrointestinal bleed, or major hematoma) and 6-month major adverse cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, and target-lesion revascularization). The maximum activated clotting time achieved was 261.7 +/- 61.6 seconds in the UFH/GPI group and 355.4 +/- 66.6 in the bivalirudin group (p <0.001). In-hospital major bleeding rates were similar between groups (1.8% UFH/GPI vs 1.7% bivalirudin; p = 0.83), as were transfusion requirements (1.2% UFH/GPI vs 0.5% bivalirudin; p = 0.61). The 6-month major adverse cardiac event rate was also similar between groups (9.5% UFH/GPI vs 9.0% bivalirudin; p = 0.81). In conclusion, there were no significant differences in major bleeding and 6-month major adverse cardiac events for patients undergoing elective PCI treated with targeted low-dose UFH and GPIs compared with those treated with bivalirudin.     

国产注射用比伐卢定对冠状动脉介入治疗患者凝血功能的影响

目的探讨国产注射用比伐卢定对经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗术患者凝血功能的影响。方法随机选择50例择期行PCI的患者,术中用肝素(对照组,25例)或国产注射用比伐卢定(比伐卢定组,25例)抗凝。分别于PCI术前、用药后5 min、术后即刻、停药后30 min、停药后2 h测活化凝血时间(ACT)。用药前、用药结束后6、24、72 h,静脉采血,检测活化凝血酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)和纤维蛋白原(FIB)。结果用药后5 min及术后即刻比伐卢定组ACT显著高于对照组(均为P<0.001);PCI术前和停药后30 min两组患者ACT差异无统计学意义(P=0.362、P=0.732),停药后2 h比伐卢定组ACT显著低于对照组[(208.27±34.84)s比(241.48±41.34)s,P=0.01]。术后凝血功能4项与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),两组之间均无心血管临床事件发生(P=1.00),大出血事件两组之间差异也无统计学意义(P=1.00)。结论与常规肝素抗凝相比,国产注射用比伐卢定作为抗凝剂应用于PCI术中,起效更快,效果更强,而且半衰期更短,提示其有效性和安全性比肝素钠更佳。     

国产注射用比伐卢定和肝素在冠状动脉介入治疗术中对血小板功能的影响

目的:探讨国产注射用比伐卢定和肝素在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术中对血小板功能的影响. 方法:选择36例择期行PCI的患者,术中用肝素(肝索组,n=18)或国产注射用比伐卢定(比伐卢定组,n=18)抗凝.分别在用药前、用药后10 min、用药结束、用药结束后30 min、用药结束后2 h静脉采血,检测二磷酸腺苷诱导的血小板最大聚集率和血浆P选择素水平. 结果:肝素组患者用药后血小板最大聚集率及血浆P选择索水平升高,用药后10 min与用药前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),其余各时间点与用药前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).比伐卢定组患者血小板最大聚集率及血浆P选择素水平,用药后10 min及用药结束与用药前比较均降低(P均<0.05),差异均有统计学意义;用药结束后30 min与用药前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论:与常规肝素抗凝相比,国产注射用比伐卢定作为抗凝剂应用于PCI术中可以短时间内降低血小板活性、抑制血小板聚集,具有暂时性抗血小板的功能.     

Temporal trends, safety, and efficacy of bivalirudin in elective percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bivalirudin based therapy among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for stable coronary artery disease in a large multicenter registry. BACKGROUND: The REPLACE I trial demonstrated the non-inferiority of a strategy of bivalirudin compared with heparin and glycoprotein (GP) IIbIIIa inhibition in patients undergoing PCI. There is a paucity of outcome data with bivalirudin use in the setting of real-world PCI practice. METHODS: We evaluated the outcome of 11,719 patients who underwent elective PCI for stable coronary artery disease (CAD) from 2002 to 2004 in a large regional consortium, and who were treated with bivalirudin (n = 2051) or with heparin and GP IIbIIIa inhibitors (n = 9,668). The primary endpoints were transfusion and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as the composite of death, MI, stroke, and any coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or target lesion revascularization. RESULTS: Compared with patients who received heparin plus GP IIbIIIa inhibitors, patients who received bivalirudin had a similar incidence of post-procedural MI, stroke, in-hospital death, MACE (2.88 vs. 2.48, P = 0.30), or transfusion (2.83% vs. 2.41%, P = 0.27). Patients at greater risk of bleeding were more likely to be treated with bivalirudin. After adjusting for the propensity to receive bivalirudin and for baseline co-morbidities, there was no difference in the odds of MACE or the need for transfusion between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Compared with heparin plus GP IIbIIIa inhibition, use of bivalirudin in patients undergoing PCI for stable CAD is associated with similar ischemic and bleeding complications. Given the ease of administration and lower cost, bivalirudin provides an attractive treatment option in this patient population.     

国产比伐卢定在急诊介入治疗中对血小板功能的影响

目的：探讨国产比伐卢定在急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）中对血小板功能的影响。方法：100例急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死接受急诊PCI的患者随机分为肝素组（53例）和比伐卢定组（47例）。检测两组 PCI术前后二磷酸腺苷（ADP）诱导的血小板聚集率,并进行统计学比较。结果：急诊PCI术前,两组 ADP诱导的血小板凝聚率差异无统计学意义（ P＝0.99）。急诊 PCI术后,比伐卢定组 ADP 诱导的血小板凝聚率显著低于肝素组[（16.46±10.23）％比（25.21±15.91）％, P＜0.01]。结论：PCI术中,与常规肝素抗凝相比,作为抗凝剂的比伐卢定可以更明显抑制血小板凝聚,具有抗血小板的功能。     

Comparison of platelet function and morphology in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention receiving bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin versus clopidogrel pretreatment and bivalirudin

We hypothesized that direct thrombin inhibition could attenuate platelet activation and release of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), a marker of inflammation, during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). To assess platelet function under flow conditions with bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin (UFH), we employed the cone and plate(let) analyzer (CPA) assay in drug-spiked blood samples from volunteers (n = 3) in vitro, and then in PCI patients who received bivalirudin alone (n = 20), UFH alone (n = 15), and clopidogrel pretreatment plus bivalirudin (n = 15). Scanning electron microscopy was employed to image bivalirudin or UFH-treated platelets to determine whether platelet function observations had a morphologic explanation. Enzyme immunoassay was used to measure sCD40L levels in PCI patients. In vitro, bivalirudin decreased platelet surface coverage; UFH increased platelet surface coverage. In PCI patients, bivalirudin alone decreased platelet surface coverage, UFH alone increased platelet surface coverage, and clopidogrel pretreatment plus bivalirudin additively reduced platelet surface coverage. Unlike UFH, bivalirudin did not activate platelets in SEM studies. Bivalirudin alone or coupled with clopidogrel significantly reduced plasma sCD40L in PCI patients. In conclusion, our findings suggest that under flow conditions, bivalirudin alone or coupled with clopidogrel may have an antiplatelet effect versus UFH alone during PCI. These data suggest that bivalirudin and UFH may confer an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing sCD40L during PCI.     

Bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention after acute myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Bivalirudin is replacing heparin as the anticoagulant agent of choice for elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to assess the safety and clinical outcomes of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin (UFH) in patients undergoing PCI for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: A cohort of 672 consecutive patients presenting with AMI without prior thrombolytic therapy were treated with either bivalirudin (216 patients) or UFH (456 patients). Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were administered at the operator's discretion. The in-hospital, 30-day, and 6-month outcomes of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar between the groups. In-hospital complications were similar, although there was a trend of a less major hematocrit drop in the bivalirudin group (0.9% vs. 3.1%, P=.09). All clinical outcomes were similar between the groups at 30-day and 6-month follow-ups. There was no statistical significance for acute thrombosis and subacute thrombosis between the groups, and there was no late thrombosis from either group. The event-free survival rate was similar between the groups (P=.41). CONCLUSION: The use of bivalirudin in patients undergoing PCI after AMI is safe and feasible. Bivalirudin should be considered as an alternative anticoagulant agent during PCI to treat patients presenting with AMI.     

Bivalirudin Inhibits Periprocedural Platelet Function and Tissue Factor Expression of Human Smooth Muscle Cells

Aim: A major concern of stent implantation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is acute stent thrombosis. Effective inhibition of periprocedural platelet function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) leads to an improved outcome. In this study, we examined the periprocedural platelet reactivity after administrating bivalirudin during PCI compared to unfractionated heparin (UFH) administration. Further, the effect of bivalirudin on induced tissue factor (TF) expression in smooth muscle cells (SMC) was determined. Methods: Patients with CAD (n = 58) and double antithrombotic medication were treated intraprocedural with UFH (n = 30) or bivalirudin (n = 28). Platelet activation markers were flow cytometrically measured before and after stenting. The expression of TF in SMC was determined by real‐time PCR and Western blotting. The thrombogenicity of platelet‐derived microparticles and SMC was assessed via a TF activity assay. Results: Bivalirudin significantly diminished the agonist‐induced platelet reactivity post‐PCI. Compared to UFH treatment, the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin receptor‐activating peptide (TRAP)‐induced thrombospondin expression post‐PCI was reduced when bivalirudin was administrated during intervention. In contrast to UFH, bivalirudin reduced the P‐selectin expression of unstimulated and ADP‐induced platelets post‐PCI. Moreover, bivalirudin inhibited the thrombin‐, but not FVIIa‐ or FVIIa/FX‐induced TF expression and pro‐coagulant TF activity of SMC. Moreover, bivalirudin reduced the TF activity of platelet‐derived microparticles postinduction with TRAP or ADP. Conclusions: Bivalirudin is better than UFH in reducing periprocedural platelet activation. Moreover, thrombin‐induced TF expression is inhibited by bivalirudin. Thus, bivalirudin seems to be a better anticoagulant during PCI than UFH.     

老年不稳定型心绞痛患者介入治疗中比伐卢定的安全性及有效性

目的 探讨老年不稳定型心绞痛患者择期行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）时应用比伐卢定的有效性与安全性。方法 2010年11月至2013年3月拟择期行PCI治疗的60～75岁老年不稳定型心绞痛患者90例。比伐卢定组（47例）PCI术前静脉注射比伐卢定0.75mg/kg作为负荷剂量,5min后检测活化凝血时间（ACT）,若ACT小于225s,再静脉注射比伐卢定0.3mg/kg,术中静脉滴注1.75mg/（kg·h）至手术结束。普通肝素组（43例）术前静脉注射普通肝素钠100U/kg,5min后检测ACT,若ACT小于225s,再静脉注射肝素钠3000U（若1h后手术仍未结束,再静脉注射肝素钠1000U）。主要安全性及有效性指标为两组患者PCI术后30d内出血事件发生率、主要心脏不良事件（MACE）发生率及术中使用的ACT达标情况监测。结果 比伐卢定组与普通肝素组比较,PCI术后30d内出血率与MACE发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,有效性指标与普通肝素组一致。结论 比伐卢定在老年不稳定型心绞痛患者PCI术中的使用是安全有效的。