吸毒人员隐孢子虫感染及其免疫功能状态的研究

目的了解男性静脉吸毒人员隐孢子虫的感染及其免疫功能状态。方法对研究对象进行调查,采用快速改良抗酸染色法检测粪便中隐孢子虫卵囊,用免疫透射比浊法、双抗体夹心ABCELISA法测血清免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)和白介素-12。结果男性静脉吸毒人员隐孢子虫感染率为19.05%。隐孢子虫阳性组IgM、IgA和阴性组IgG高于对照组(P<0.05);隐孢子虫阳性组和阴性组白介素-12均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论男性静脉吸毒人员是隐孢子虫感染的高危人群,其免疫功能受到一定程度的抑制,对隐孢子虫易感性增加。     

早期肠内营养在糖尿病并发脑卒中昏迷中的疗效及安全性

目的研究早期肠内营养在糖尿病并发脑卒中昏迷中的疗效及安全性。方法 2012年1月—2017年1月将符合入选条件的糖尿病并发脑卒中昏迷患者根据营养支持方式分为早期肠内营养治疗组(EEN组)和全静脉营养组(TPN组),比较两组患者治疗前、治疗后营养指标(PA、ALB和TP)和免疫功能(IgG、IgA和IgM)的差异。结果 EEN组和TPN组糖尿病并发脑卒中昏迷患者治疗前的PA、ALB、TP、IgG、IgA和IgM均差异无统计学意义(P0.05);EEN组患者治疗后的PA、ALB、TP、IgG、IgA和IgM均显著高于治疗前(P0.05),TPN组患者治疗后的PA、ALB、TP、IgG、IgA和IgM均显著低于治疗前(P0.05);EEN组患者治疗后的PA、ALB、TP、IgG、IgA和IgM均显著高于TPN组(P0.05)。EEN组糖尿病并发脑卒中昏迷患者技术性、感染性、代谢性和其他各种并发症发生率均显著低于TPN组(P0.05)。结论早期肠内营养可显著改善糖尿病并发脑卒中昏迷患者营养及免疫功能,疗效确切且并发症少,显著优于全静脉营养。     

长春地区奶牛隐孢子虫感染情况调查

隐孢子虫病是一种人兽共患寄生虫病 ,其病原为隐孢子虫。本病感染途径是饮食被患病动物排泄物污染的食物和水等。为了解长春地区奶牛隐孢子虫的感染情况 ,我们于 1998年 7月至 1999年 7月对长春地区 3个奶牛厂和 2 3个养牛专业户进行了隐孢子虫感染情况的调查 ,报道如下。1　材料和方法1.1　材料1.1.1　奶牛选择　在长春地区随机选取东郊 2个奶牛厂 90头奶牛 ;北郊养牛专业户 12户 ,共 6 8头奶牛 ;西郊 7户共 6 6头奶牛 ;南郊一个奶牛厂、1个养牛户共 76头奶牛。1.2　方法1.2 .1　粪样采集　将待检牛逐头登记 ,内容包括畜主姓名、奶牛年龄、…     

肠内营养混悬液对急性脑出血并吞咽障碍患者营养状况及感染的影响研究

目的探讨肠内营养混悬液对急性脑出血并吞咽障碍患者营养状况及感染的影响。方法选择深圳市宝安区第二人民医院2013年2月—2014年2月收治的急性脑出血并吞咽障碍患者78例,按照随机、平行、对照原则分为对照组和观察组,每组39例。对照组患者在常规治疗基础上给予家属自制的普通流质饮食,观察组患者在常规治疗基础上给予肠内营养混悬液。观察两组患者治疗6周后营养状况、治疗前和治疗6周后营养相关指标〔血清血红蛋白(Hb)、清蛋白(ALB)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)水平〕及住院期间感染情况。结果观察组患者治疗后营养状况优于对照组,且营养低下者严重程度轻于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗前血清Hb、ALB、IgG、IgA、IgM水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者治疗后血清Hb、ALB、IgG、IgA、Ig M水平均高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者住院期间感染率为38.5%,低于对照组的66.7%(P0.05)。结论肠内营养混悬液可较好地改善急性脑出血并吞咽障碍患者营养状况,减轻营养低下严重程度,提高免疫力,减少住院期间感染的发生。     

标本溶血对生化检验结果的影响分析

目的分析研究标本溶血对生化检验结果的影响以及对应措施。方法利用BECKMAN公司生产的CX7型自动生化分析仪对40份正常人不容写和溶血血清中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(CHO)、三酰甘油(TG)、血钾(K+)等14项生化指标进行检测。结果溶血血清中ALT、AST、TP、TBIL、LDH以及K+的测定结果明显比正常血清的测定结果高,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);GLU、UA的测定结果比正常血清测定结果低,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ALB、DBIL、CHO、BUN、TG、Cr的测定结果两者没有明显差异(P>0.05)。结论标本溶血在生化检验中对多数生化检验项目有明显的影响,因此要避免标本溶血现象的发生,确保检验结果的准确可靠。     

卡氏肺孢子虫感染大鼠血清中酶学变化及意义

目的探讨卡氏肺孢子虫(PC)感染大鼠血清中酶学变化的意义。方法应用地塞米松诱导建立卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)大鼠模型(PCP组),于造模前(0周)及造模后3、6、9、12周断尾取血,检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平;于12周后采集肺泡灌洗液(BALF)检测ALT、AST、ALP、LDH水平。结果PCP组血清ALP、AST水平从造模第3周以后显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),ALT及LDH水平无明显规律性变化。结论ALP、AST可作为PCP感染的辅助诊断指标。     

棘球蚴病患者IgG抗体阴性反应血清再检测的研究

目的　探索棘球蚴病患者抗体应答假阴性反应原因 ,以改进棘球蚴病的免疫诊断方法。　方法　采用间接ELISA和双抗体夹心ELISA方法 ,检测 42例IgG抗体阴性反应棘球蚴病患者血清的IgG亚类 (IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4 )、IgA、IgM、IgE抗体及抗原和循环免疫复合物。　 结果　 42例阴性血清中 ,32例IgG亚类或IgA、IgM、IgE抗体阳性 ,1 0例血清抗体全部阴性。其中IgG1、IgG4及IgA、IgM、IgE的检出率明显高于正常人 ,分别为 42 .9%、1 1 .9%、2 8.6 %、2 6 .2 %和 2 1 .4 %。小儿的IgM高于成人。肝棘球蚴病患者的IgG亚类高于肺棘球蚴病患者。IgG1与其它抗体联合检测 ,以IgG1 +IgA +IgM检出率最高 ,为 64 .3 %。IgG阴性患者血清的CAg和CIC阳性率分别为 2 8.57%及30 .95 %。　结论　抗棘球蚴总IgG抗体表达水平低下 ,抗体表达种类不同及循环免疫复合物的形成 ,是造成棘球蚴病患者IgG抗体反应阴性的主要原因。IgG1 +IgA +IgM检测可提高棘球蚴病患者的诊断率     

体外循环心内直视手术对机体免疫防御功能的影响

本文报告30例体外循环(CPB)心内直视手术患者血清免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)和补体C_3含量、中性白细胞的吞噬能力和PHA淋巴细胞转化反应的变化。结果提示,血清IgG含量和PHA淋巴细胞转化反应于CPB结束时明显降低并持续一周以上(P<0.05或0.01),术后两周恢复至术前水平,血清IgA和IgM仅在CPB结束时降低(P<0.01),中性白细胞吞噬能力和补体C_3则在CPB结束时和术后一天明显降低(P<0.05或0.01)。因此得出结论:CPB心内直视手术对机体的免疫成分和防御功能有不同程度的抑制作用,尤其是对IgG和PHA淋巴细胞反应影响更大。     

血清生化指标对慢性肝炎病变程度的评价

目的:分析临床肝病常用血清生化指标与慢性肝炎病变程度的相关性.方法:检测慢性肝炎患者142例的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆红素(TBIL)和凝血酶原活动度(PTA),并将其结果与肝炎病变程度(病理分级和分期)对比分析.结果:ALT、AST、ALB和PTA在不同病理分级(炎症)之间均有显著性差异( F = 6.812,6.592,10.131,3.247,P<0.05或0.01); ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、ALB、TBIL和PTA在不同病理分期(纤维化)之间无显著性差异;TBIL、PTA和病理分级呈正相关,ALB和病理分级分期呈负相关.结论:常用血清生化指标ALT、AST、ALB、PTA能反映慢性肝炎的炎症程度,但不能反映慢性肝炎的纤维化程度.     

阔节裂头绦虫病患者血清的免疫球蛋白特别是IgE的水平以及沉淀反应

作者对21例阔节裂头绦虫患者(男15人、女6人)的血清进行了 IgE、IgG、IgA、IgM 值的测定。用单向免疫扩散法测定 IgG、IgA、IgM 值。用放射免疫测定法测定 IgE值。另以阔节裂头绦虫全虫的0. 1%食盐水浸出物作抗原,应用琼脂双扩散及免疫电泳法(0. 9%琼脂糖作载体)检查本绦虫患者血清及家兔免疫血清中对该抗原的沉淀抗体,并对两者的免疫电泳结果进行了比较。     

Hepatoprotective effect of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz flowers on diclofenac sodium induced liver toxicity in rats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the protective effect of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz flowers against experimentally induced liver toxicity in rats.MethodsTwo different doses of methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa (WFM) were evaluated for the hepatoprotective activity against diclofenac sodium induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Various biochemical parameters like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) from serum; total protein (TP), glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities from liver were studied; histopathologic changes of liver were also evaluated.ResultsWFM effectively reduced the elevated levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP and BUN, enhanced the reduced TP, ALB and hepatic GSH, CAT, GPx activity. The histopathological analysis suggested that WFM decreased the degree of liver fibrosis induced by diclofenac.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the hepatoprotective activity of WFM and thus scientifically support the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the treatment of liver disorders.     

低剂量亚慢性砷染毒家兔血清酶和生物化学指标的变化

目的 观察低剂量亚慢性砷染毒家兔在染毒不同时期血清酶和生物化学指标的变化,为筛选有意义的砷中毒早期诊断血液学指标提供依据.方法 成年家兔12只,体质量2.0～3.5kg,按体质量随机分为4组,每组3只,分别饮用含亚砷酸钠0(对照)、0.01、0.05、0.25 mg/L的水.染毒8周和12周后,采用SYSMEX-180型全自动生化分析仪测定各组家兔血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-GT)的活性以及总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白/球蛋白比值(简称白球比).结果 染毒家兔0.05 mg/L剂量组第12周ALT水平[(60.00±4.14)U/L]较同期对照组[(41.50±2.12)U/L]升高(P＜0.05);0.25 mg/L剂量组第8周、第12周AST水平[(46.50±3.21)、(52.33±3.81)U/L]较同期对照组[(21.33±3.53)、(29.50±3.23)U/L]升高(P均＜0.05);0.05 mg/L剂量组和0.25 mg/L剂量组第12周ALP水平[(78.68±4.85)、(103.00±7.83)U/L]较同期对照组[(45.50±5.50)U/L]升高(P均＜0.05);0.05mg/L剂量组第12周γ-GT水平[(19.33±7.50)U/L]较同期对照组[(8.50±3.53)U/L]升高(P＜0.05).各剂量组第8周和第12周的血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白水平和白球比与同期对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(F值分别为0.77、0.02、0.16、3.14和0.51、0.29、0.41、0.52,P均＞0.05).结论 0.05 mg/L及以上剂量亚慢性砷染毒主要对肝脏有一定损伤.在肝脏的相关血清酶学中,AST是较为早期的反映砷中毒肝脏损伤的敏感指标.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the sub-chronic effects of low doses of arsenic poisoning in rabbits exposed to different periods on some of the serum enzymes and biochemical indicators, and to provide the basis for screening of meaningful hematologic indicators for early diagnosis of arsenic poisoning. Methods Twelve adult rabbits,weighing 2.0 - 3.5 kg, were randomly divided into four groups, 3 in each group, and they were fed with drinking water containing sodium arsenite 0(control),0.01,0.05,0.25 mg/L, respectively. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transacylase (y-GT), total protein(TP), albumin(ALB), globulin(GLP), and ALB/GLP of rabbit were measured by SYSMEX-180 automated biochemistry analyzer after 8 weeks and 12 weeks exposure. Results The results showed that ALT in 0.05 mg/Lgroup of 12 week[(60.00 ± 4.14)U/L]increased significantly compared with the control[(41.50 ± 2.12)U/L, P ＜0.05];AST in 0.25 mg/L group of 8 week and 12 week[(46.50 ± 3.21 ), (52.33 ± 3.81 )U/L]increased significantly compared with the control[(21.33 ± 3.53), (29.50 ± 3.23 )U/L, all P ＜ 0.05];ALP in 0.05 mg/L and 0.25 mg/L group of 12 week [(78.68 ± 4.85 ), ( 103.00 ± 7.83 ) U / L]increased significantly compared with the control [(45.50 ± 5.50)U/L, all P ＜ 0.05];γ-GT in 0.05 mg/L group of 12 week[(19.33 ± 7.50)U/L]increased significantly compared with the contro1[(8.50 ± 3.53)U/L, P＜ 0.05]. TP, ALB, GLP, ALB/GLP of different groups of 8 week and 12 week were not significantly different statistically(F= 0.77,0.02,0.16,3.14 and 0.51,0.29,0.41,0.52, all P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions Zero point zero five mg/L and higher doses of sub-chronic arsenic exposure has some major damage to the liver. Compared with other serum enzymes and the biochemical indexes, serum AST is a early sensitive indicator of liver injury of the arsenic poisoning.     

17AA-H对肝功能不全患者的营养支持效果及肝功能恢复的影响

目的探讨17AA-H对肝功能不全患者的营养支持效果及肝功能恢复的影响。方法选取病毒性肝炎肝硬化引起的肝功能不全患者80例,随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,在常规保肝治疗基础上观察组给予17AA-H营养支持,治疗10 d,观察治疗前后血清总蛋白(TP)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、γ-谷氨酸转肽酶(γ-CT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、前白蛋白(PA)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)水平。结果治疗前,观察组与对照组TP、ALB、TRF、PA、RBP、ALT、AST、TBIL、TBIL、DBIL、γ-CT、AKP水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);组内比较TP、ALB、TRF、PA、RBP治疗后均较治疗前升高(P0.05);ALT、AST、TBIL、TBIL、DBIL、γ-CT、AKP治疗后较治疗前下降(P0.05),治疗后观察组TP、ALB、TRF、PA、RBP升高较对照组更为明显(P0.05)。结论对肝功能不全患者采用17AA-H作为氮源进行营养支持治疗,有助于改善患者营养状态及肝功能。     

rhKD/APP对D-氨基半乳糖所致大鼠肝损伤的保护作用

用D-氨基半乳糖致大鼠肝损伤，以研究rhKD／APP对大鼠肝损伤的保护作用。建立D-氨基半乳糖大鼠肝损伤模型，设空白对照组、模型组、rhKD／APP小剂量组、中剂量组、大剂量组、对照药物抑肽酶组。观察大鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、总蛋白（TP）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、白蛋白（ALB）及肝组织丙二醛（MDA）的含量变化。rhKD／APP可显著降低大鼠血清ALT、AST、ALP的活性及肝组织MDA含量，抑制ALB、TP的降低。rhKD／APP对D-氨基半乳糖所致大鼠肝损伤具有保护作用。     

益肠内营养联合益生菌对非酒精性肝病肝纤维化的治疗效果及临床应用价值

目的探讨肠内营养联合益生菌对非酒精性肝病肝纤维化的治疗效果及临床应用价值。方法回顾性选取2018年1月至2020年1月西南医科大学附属医院收治的非酒精性肝病肝纤维化患者80例,分为对照组和干预组各40例,其中对照组给予常规治疗,干预组在常规治疗的基础上予以肠内营养联合肠道益生菌治疗,观察并记录治疗前、治疗后4周两组患者的肝功能天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、血清总胆红素(TBiL)及直接胆红素(DBiL),营养指标血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)及转铁蛋白(TF),凝血功能凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT),炎症指标C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)以及肝纤维化指标透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PC-Ⅲ)、层黏蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)。结果与治疗前比较,治疗4周后两组各肝功能指标及肝纤维化指标均降低,干预组治疗4周后TBil、DBiL、ALT、AST水平低于对照组,HA、PC-Ⅲ、LN、Ⅳ-C水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗4周后两组各营养状态均改善,干预组TP、ALB和TF水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗4周后两组各凝血功能均改善,干预组PT和APTT低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,两组SOD、GSH-Px水平高于治疗前,MDA水平低于治疗前,且干预组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗4周后两组各炎症反应均减轻,干预组血清CRP、IL-6和TNF-α低于对照组,IL-10高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论肠内营养联合肠道益生菌治疗非酒精性肝病肝纤维化临床疗效显著,可有效抑制肝纤维化,改善患者肝功能、营养状态及凝血功能,同时可对机体氧化应激及炎症反应发挥良好的调节作用,且安全性良好。     

A comparative research on obesity hypertension by the comparisons and associations between waist circumference,body mass index with systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and the clinical laboratory data between four special Chinese adult groups

Background: The obesity-hypertension pathogenesis is complex. From the phenotype to molecular mechanism, there is a long way to clarify the mechanism. To explore the association between obesity and hypertension, we correlate the phenotypes such as the waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SB), and diastolic blood pressure (DB) with the clinical laboratory data between four specific Chinese adult physical examination groups (newly diagnosed untreated just-obesity group, newly diagnosed untreated obesity-hypertension group, newly diagnosed untreated just-hypertension group, and normal healthy group), and the results may show something. Objective: To explore the mechanisms from obesity to hypertension by analyzing the correlations and differences between WC, BMI, SB, DB, and other clinical laboratory data indices in four specific Chinese adult physical examination groups. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2012 to July 2014, and 153 adult subjects, 34 women and 119 men, from 21 to 69 years, were taken from four characteristic Chinese adult physical examination groups (newly diagnosed untreated just-obesity group, newly diagnosed untreated obesity-hypertension group, newly diagnosed untreated just-hypertension group, and normal healthy group). The study was approved by the ethics committee of Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention. WC, BMI, SB, DB, and other clinical laboratory data were collected and analyzed by SPSS. Results: Serum levels of albumin (ALB),alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), uric acid (Ua), and TC/HDLC (odds ratio) were statistically significantly different between the four groups. WC statistically significantly positively correlated with BMI, ALT, Ua, and serum levels of glucose (GLU), and TC/HDLC, and negatively with ALB, HDLC, and serum levels of conjugated bilirubin (CB). BMI was statistically significantly positively related to ALT, Ua, LDLC, WC, and TC/HDLC, and negatively to ALB, HDLC, and CB. DB statistically significantly positively correlated with ALP, BMI, and WC. SB was statistically significantly positively related to LDLC, GLU, serum levels of fructosamine (FA), serum levels of the total protein (TC), BMI, and WC. Conclusion: The negative body effects of obesity are comprehensive. Obesity may lead to hypertension through multiple ways by different percents.

GGT, serum levels of gamma glutamyltransferase; ALB, serum levels of albumin; ALT, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase; LDLC, serum levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, serum levels of triglyceride; HDLC, serum levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol; FA, serum levels of fructosamine; S.C.R, serum levels of creatinine; IB, serum levels of indirect bilirubin; ALP, serum levels of alkaline phosphatase; CB, serum levels of conjugated bilirubin; UREA, Urea; Ua, serum levels of uric acid; GLU, serum levels of glucose; TC, serum levels of the total cholesterol; TB, serum levels of the total bilirubin; TP, serum levels of the total protein; TC/HDLC, TC/HDLC ratio.     

Protective effect of early enteral feeding on postburn impairment of liver function and its mechanism in rats

AIM To study the protective effect of early enteral feeding ( EEF ) on the postburn impairment of liver function and its mechanism.METHODS Wistar rats with 30% of total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness burn were employed. The effects of EEF on the postburn changes of gastric intramucosal pH, endotoxin levels in portal vein, water contents of hepatic tissue, blood concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), plasma activities of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) and asparate aminotransferase (AST), as well as the blood contents of total (TB) and direct bilirubin (DB),total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were serially determined within 48h postburn.RESULTS EEF could significantly improve gastric mucosal acidosis, reduce portal vein endotoxin level and water content of hepatic tissue, as well as plasma concentrations of TNF-α at all timepoints after severe burns (P＜0.01);postburn elevation of the plasma activities of ALT, AST and the contents of TB, DB were effectively prevented, whereas the plasma concentrations of TP and ALB were markedly increased 24 h and 48 h posturn in EEF group compared with that of the burn without EEF group (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION EEF has significant beneficial effects on the improvement of hepatic function in rats after severe burn, and is probably related with an increase in splanchnic blood flow,reduction of the absorption of gut-origin endotoxin and the consequent release of inflammatory mediators.     

常规生化指标评估慢性肝功能损害的临床应用价值

目前国内用于诊断慢性肝功能损害的血清学检测指标很多，但对其诊断效率进行客观评价的研究并不多。目的：采用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲线）和诊断性能指标对常用的7项血清学指标进行综合分析，探讨其临床应用价值。方法：检测肝硬化组（n=81）、慢性肝病组（n=43）和健康对照组（n=30）的血清白蛋白（ALB）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）、5’-核苷酸酶（5’-NT）、胆碱酯酶（ChE）等7个生化指标，应用ROC曲线进行分析，评价各指标的敏感性和特异性，观察不同肝病组上述指标的变化情况。结果：与慢性肝病组和健康对照组相比，肝硬化组ALB、ChE显著下降，AST显著升高（P〈0．05）；ROC曲线下面积ALB最高，ChE次之。7项指标中ChE的敏感性和特异性最高，分别为93．8％和83．7％；诊断准确率ChE最高，达90．3％，ALB次之，为89．5％。结论：临床常规的7项生化指标中，ALB和ChE最能反映肝硬化特别是肝硬化失代偿期肝功能损害程度。     

异甘草酸镁对慢性肝病实验室指标改善的价值

目的探讨异甘草酸镁(MIG)对慢性肝病患者实验室指标改善的价值。方法 66例应用MIG注射液(150mg/日)和129例应用非甘草酸类(非-MIG)如二氯醋酸二异丙胺注射液(80mg/日)单独或合并应用其他保肝药物治疗,观察治疗1周和2周时患者血常规、血电解质和血生化指标的变化。结果与非-MIG治疗组比,MIG治疗1周时能升高白细胞(P=0.01),ALT、AST、ALP和GGT降低非常明显(P<0.01)。MIG开始治疗时患者ALT、AST、ALP和GGT水平分别是非-MIG治疗组患者的5倍(P<0.01)、2.94倍(P<0.01)、2.41倍(P<0.01)和1.63倍(P<0.01),治疗2周后MIG治疗组这些指标分别下降到非-MIG治疗组的1.53倍(P=0.03)、1.04倍(P=0.79)、1.29倍(P=0.26)和1.1倍(P=0.33);治疗2周后,MIG组和非-MIG治疗组患者TP、ALB、Hb均有所下降,但两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 MIG对慢性肝损伤的治疗安全有效,血清酶学恢复迅速,未见明显的副作用。     

Efficient hepatoprotective activity of cranberry extract against CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rat model: Down-regulation of liver enzymes and strong antioxidant activity

Objective: To investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of cranberry extract(CBE)against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced hepatic injury using in-vivo animal model.Methods: The hepatoprotective efficacy of CBE(200 and 400 mg/kg) was investigated against CCl4(4 m L/kg)-induced hepatotoxicity, elevated liver enzymes [ALT(alanine aminotransferase), AST(aspartate aminotransferase), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)],and total protein(TP) contents in the serum. Moreover, CBE-aided antioxidant defense against hepatotoxic insult of CCl4 was measured by evaluating a number of anti-oxidative biomarkers including reduced glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the serum by using spectrophotometric analyses.Results: Results showed that the exposure of experimental animals to CCl4 did induce significant hepatotoxicity compared to the non-induced(untreated) group. The oral administration of CBE demonstrated a significant dose-dependent alleviation in the liver enzymes(AST, ALT, and ALP), increased antioxidant defense(GSH, SOD, and CAT),and reduced MDA levels in the serum of treated animals compared to the animals without treatment. The resulting data showed that the administration of CBE decreased the serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALP compared to the CCl4-induced group.Conclusions: The resulting data evidenced that CBE exhibits promising hepatoprotective potential against the chemical induced hepatotoxicity, maintains homeostasis in liver enzymes, and can provide significant antioxidant defense against free radicals-induced oxidative stress.