腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤72例临床分析

目的探讨子宫恶性肿瘤腹腔镜手术治疗的可行性与实用价值.方法对2000年8月至2005年1月间沈阳市妇婴医院26例子宫颈癌和6例子宫内膜癌行腹腔镜下广泛或次广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术,对33例子宫内膜癌行筋膜外子宫全切、双附件切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术,对7例Ⅰb1期前子宫颈癌患者行腹腔镜下盆腔淋巴结清扫术及宫颈根治术.分析其手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清除数目、术后恢复情况.结果腹腔镜下广泛(或)次广泛子宫切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫术的平均手术时间(261±62)min,平均出血量(357±46)mL,平均清除淋巴结(21.7±4.5)个.术后尿潴留9例.结论子宫恶性肿瘤的腹腔镜手术因其独具优势而有发展前景,手术成功的关键在于适应证的正确选择及操作技术的熟练.     

腹腔镜下和经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的临床效果比较

目的:比较腹腔镜下和经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的临床效果。方法:对我院2008年9月～2010年12月68例早期子宫恶性肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术(腹腔镜组),随机抽取同期60例经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术的病例做对照(开腹组),比较两种术式的手术相关情况,术后恢复情况,手术并发症及术后生存质量等。结果:行腹腔镜手术的68例患者中无1例中转开腹,腹腔镜组在手术时间,术中出血量,淋巴结切除数目,手术并发症,术后住院日和术后体温恢复时间与开腹组相比具有明显优势,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);但在膀胱功能恢复时间,盆腔引流液,尿管拔出时间等方面比较,差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结切除术可达到开腹手术的安全性及有效性,并具有创伤小,术野清晰,并发症少,恢复快等优点,为微创手术治疗妇科恶性肿瘤提供了良好的应用前景。     

腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤8例分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的临床效果。方法 对6例子宫内膜癌患者行腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除＋双侧附件切除术;对2例子宫颈癌患者行腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除＋双侧附件切除＋盆腔淋巴结切除术。观察手术时间、平均出血量及术后恢复情况。结果 广泛全子宫切除＋双侧附件切除术6例,平均手术时间220min,平均出血量200ml;腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除＋双侧附件切除＋盆腔淋巴结切除术2例,平均手术时间240min。术中无一例脏器损伤、术后平均住院8d。结论 腹腔镜手术创伤小、恢复快、对早期子宫恶性肿瘤具有较好治疗效果。     

腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗早期子宫颈癌的对比分析

目的 :探讨腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫颈癌的价值。方法 :回顾性分析接受腹腔镜手术 (15例 )和剖腹手术(17例 )治疗的临床Ⅰ期宫颈癌患者的临床资料 ,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、手术并发症、术后恢复情况及疾病复发等。结果 :腹腔镜组 1例因膀胱损伤而中转开腹。 2例腹腔镜下广泛性子宫切除手术时间分别为 2 0 5分钟和 115分钟 ,出血分别为 75 0ml和 2 0 0ml;12例腹腔镜下广泛性子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术手术时间平均 30 3 7分钟 ,术中出血平均 393 3ml,平均切除淋巴结 15 3个。剖腹手术组手术时间平均 2 18 0分钟 ,术中出血平均 384 1ml,平均切除淋巴结 16 2个。腹腔镜和剖腹手术组术后病率分别为 5 0 %和 47 1%。腹腔镜组髂外静脉损伤 2例 ,剖腹手术组髂总静脉损伤 1例。两组术后尿潴留分别为 3例和 4例 ,淋巴囊肿分别为 4例和 2例。腹腔镜组手术时间明显长于剖腹手术组 (P<0 .0 1) ,其余指标差异无统计学意义。术后随访 3月至 4年 ,两组各 1例复发。结论 :腹腔镜下广泛性子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术可作为早期子宫颈癌手术治疗的方法之一。     

腹腔镜下和经腹广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的近期疗效分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的近期疗效及应用价值.方法:对协和医院妇产科2008年3月至2009年4月间的70例早期子宫恶性肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术(TLRH+LPL组),并与同期48例经腹广泛子宫切除术和淋巴结清扫术(ARH+APL组)的病例作为对照,比较两种术式的术中、术后情况及并发症等.结果:行腹腔镜手术的70例患者,有2例中转开腹,中转率为2.9%.TLRH+LPL组在手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结切除数目和术后体温恢复正常平均时间上与ARH+APL组相比,具有明显优势,差异均有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);但膀胱功能恢复时间及术后并发症的发生率,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术具有同常规的经腹手术同样的安全性和有效性,同时缩短了手术时间,减少了手术创伤,为微创手术治疗妇科恶性肿瘤提供了良好的应用前景.     

腹腔镜下淋巴结切除治疗妇科恶性肿瘤的临床分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除和盆,腹腔淋巴结切除用于妇科恶性肿瘤的可行性及价值。方法 对子宫内膜癌21例,子宫颈癌25例患者,根据病变部位和淋巴结切除术适应证,行盆腔淋巴结切除术,其中对30例患者行选择性腹主动脉周围淋巴结切除,再行腹腔镜辅助阴式广泛子宫切除术。结果 腹腔镜下手术时间平均为3.1h,术中出血平均198ml。切除淋巴结数平均16个。术后住院时间平均9.6d。术中发生膀胱损伤2例。静脉损伤2例。1例大肠损伤术中转行开腹术,术后仅1例于1个月后出现双侧输尿管轻度狭窄,1例术后1个月出现肿瘤穿刺孔转移,3例出现尿潴留,其余无明显并发症发生。结论 对妇科恶性肿瘤施行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除和盆,腹腔淋巴结切除术安全可靠;淋巴结切除彻底,且手术创伤小,并发症少,术后恢复快。     

腹腔镜联合阴式手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的临床价值

目的探讨腹腔镜盆腔淋巴切除 阴式广泛全子宫切除术(LPL VRH)治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的临床价值。方法2003年8月至2007年12月,选择11例早期子宫颈癌和8例子宫内膜癌的患者行LPL VRH治疗(研究组),选取同时入院接受开腹子宫广泛切除 淋巴切除术治疗早期子宫颈癌11例、子宫内膜癌8例为对照组,对其手术情况、手术时间、术后并发症、术中出血量、淋巴结切除数目、术后病率进行比较。结果研究组19例中18例成功手术,1例因淋巴结切除困难中转开腹。研究组与对照组在术中出血[(321.08±284.36)mL,(513.62±237.23)mL]、术后胃肠恢复时间(1.5d,4.5d)、术后下床活动时间(2d,7d),两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而两组在手术时间、术中清除淋巴结数、术后尿潴留、尿失禁、淋巴囊肿及术后复发等指标上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论LPL VRH可作为早期子宫恶性肿瘤手术治疗方法之一,近期效果良好,远期疗效有待进一步观察。     

阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术与开腹手术治疗早期宫颈癌疗效比较

目的探讨阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术治疗早期宫颈癌的临床价值。方法 2004年11月至2011年4月于佛山市妇幼保健院,回顾性分析行阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术的90例早期宫颈癌患者(阴式组)的病例资料,抽取同期行开腹广泛全子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结切除术42例(开腹组)作为对照。结果两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。阴式组术中出血量[(348±114)mL]、肠道功能恢复时间[(36.76±4.9)h]、住院天数[(10.56±2.10)d]均少于开腹组的[(398±127)mL]、[(40.09±6.5)h]、[(11.79±2.45)d],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴式组切除阴道长度[(3.12±0.17)cm]大于开腹组的[(3.05±0.21)cm](P<0.05)。阴式组尿潴留发生率(30.0%)较开腹组(11.9%)高(P<0.05)。阴式组术后5年内复发率(14.6%)低于开腹组(31.5%)(P<0.05)。结论阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术式创伤小,术后恢复快,手术彻底,有临床应用价值。     

腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤23例

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的可能性和安全性.方法采用电视腹腔镜技术对23例早期子宫恶性肿瘤患者进行手术治疗,其中16例子宫内膜癌施行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加双附件切除术,5例子宫颈癌及另2例子宫体癌行腹腔镜下盆腔淋巴结清扫加广泛子宫切除术.结果腹腔镜广泛子宫切除术平均手术时间215.44min,术中失血量278.38 ml,腹腔镜盆腔淋巴结清扫加广泛子宫切除术平均手术时间300.86 min,术中失血量550 ml.术中无一例脏器损伤.平均住院时间8天.结论开展腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤是可行的,安全的,值得研究与运用.     

经阴道子宫广泛切除联合腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的临床研究

目的：探讨经阴道子宫广泛或次广泛切除加腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的可行性和临床效果。方法：对18例宫颈癌患者,5例子宫内膜癌患者,行经阴道子宫广泛或次广泛切除加腹腔镜盆腔淋巴结清除术。分析手术质量和术后恢复情况。结果：23例患者均顺利完成手术,无并发症发生。清除的盆腔淋巴结数平均29个,平均手术时间为216分钟,术中平均出血350 ml,3例需要输血。术后肛门排气时间平均1．8天,膀胱功能恢复时间平均11．5天,平均术后住院时间9．5天。术后第一天均可下地活动。22例无复发。结论：该术式损伤小、恢复快,能达到足够的切除范围,是目前治疗子宫恶性肿瘤较理想的术式。     

Comparison of laparoscopic and conventional surgery in the treatment of early cervical cancer

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy, results, and complications of laparoscopic-assisted radical hysterectomy (LARH) and pelvic lymphadenectomy with abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) and pelvic lymphadenectomy in management of early (stages 1a2, 1b) invasive cervical carcinoma. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS: Sixty women enrolled for radical hysterectomy as most appropriate primary treatment. INTERVENTION: Radical hysterectomy performed by laparoscopy or laparotomy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Thirty patients each underwent LARH and ARH. The groups did not differ in terms of age, weight, disease stage, operating time, and hospital stay. Mean blood loss was 962 +/- 543 ml for ARH and 450 +/- 284 ml for LARH. No laparoscopic procedure was converted to laparotomy. There was no significant difference in intraoperative and postoperative complications. There was no significant difference in recurrence rates. CONCLUSION: LARH with pelvic lymphadenectomy does not increase recurrence rates and morbidity when performed by experienced endoscopists and oncologists.     

Laparoscopy compared with laparotomy for the surgical staging of endometrial carcinoma

AIM: To evaluate and compare laparoscopic-assisted surgical staging with conventional laparotomy for the treatment of endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: From July 2001 to December 2003, a retrospective review of patients with endometrial carcinoma was carried out. The medical records of those patients who had undergone surgical staging with hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLN) were evaluated. Primary outcome measures were operating time (OT), estimated blood loss, total number of lymph nodes yielded, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay. RESULT: A total of 64 cases were identified. Two cases were excluded because of incomplete records. Two cases with para-aortic lymphadenectomy and four cases with Wertheim's hysterectomy were excluded from the study. Thirty-six patients underwent laparotomy with total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and PLN (laparotomy group). Twenty patients underwent the same surgery by laparoscopy, of which 19 were successfully carried out (laparoscopy group). One case was converted to laparotomy. The mean OT in the laparoscopy group was longer when compared with the laparotomy group (211 min vs 94 min, P < 0.001). The mean estimated blood loss in the laparoscopy group was less (200 mL vs 513 mL, P < 0.001). The post-operative hospital stay was shorter in the laparoscopy group (3.6 days vs 7.7 days, P < 0.001). The mean number of lymph nodes yielded was more in the laparoscopy group (26.1 vs 16.7, P = 0.004). Neither group had intraoperative complications and both had similar postoperative complication rates. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic-assisted surgical staging for endometrial carcinoma is associated with significantly less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, longer OT time, and more lymph nodes yielded when compared with laparotomy.     

Clinical outcome and complications of laparoscopic surgery compared with traditional surgery in women with endometrial cancer

Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, clinical outcome and complications of laparoscopic surgery in women with endometrial cancer and to compare surgical outcome and postoperative early and late complications with results of traditional laparotomy. Methods Forty women with endometrial cancer underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Each patient operated by laparoscopy was matched by age, preoperative clinical stage and histology of the endometrial cancer with a patient treated by the same operation but using traditional laparotomy. Half of these patients underwent total pelvic lymphadenectomy and half had pelvic lymph node sampling. The groups were compared in clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, recoveries and early and late postoperative complications. Results The patients in the laparoscopy group had less blood loss, more lymph nodes removed, shorter hospital stay but longer operation time than those treated by laparotomy. Only one (2.5%) laparoscopy was converted to laparotomy due to pelvic adhesions. There were no intraoperative complications in either group. Postoperative complications were more common (55.0%) in the laparotomy than in the laparoscopy group (37.5%). Only one major complication (2.5%) occurred among patients undergoing laparoscopy as compared with three (7.5%) major complications in the laparotomy group. Superficial wound infection was the most common (20%) infection in laparotomy patients while vaginal cuff cellulitis occurred in 10% of laparoscopy patients. Late (>42 days) postoperative complications were almost equally frequent (20.0 and 22.5%) in both groups. Lower extremity lymph edema or pelvic lymph cyst was found in 12.5% of all cases. As a result of surgical staging the disease of 6 women (15%) in both groups was upgraded. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery is a viable alternative to traditional surgery in the management of endometrial cancer. The surgical outcome is similar in both cases. In laparoscopic procedures the operation time is longer but the postoperative recovery time shorter than in laparotomy. Severe complications were limited in both groups, while wound infections can be avoided using laparoscopy.     

Sentinel lymph node identification and radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy in early stage cervical cancer: laparoscopy versus laparotomy

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the feasibility and results of sentinel lymph node identification and radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy entirely completed by laparoscopy versus laparotomy in early stage cervical cancer. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized clinical study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Acute care, teaching hospital. PATIENTS: From September 2000 through January 2005, 50 consecutive patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IA(2), IB(1), and IIA disease less than 4 cm underwent radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy with intraoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy. INTERVENTIONS: The operation was performed entirely by laparoscopy in 20 patients and using the conventional abdominal approach in 30. Feasibility of sentinel lymph node identification, surgical morbidity, overall survival, and recurrence rate-free survival in both groups were compared. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall detection rate of the sentinel lymph node was 100% (false negative 0%). A mean of 2.50 sentinel nodes/patient was detected in the laparotomy group compared with a mean of 2.55 nodes in the laparoscopic group (p = .874). Bifurcation of the right common iliac artery was the most frequent nodal location. Blood loss and length of stay were significantly lower in the laparoscopic group, but surgical time was significantly longer. The median follow-up was 35 months (range 5-57) in the laparotomy group and 22.5 (range 2-52) in the laparoscopic group. Differences in overall survival and disease-free survival were not observed. CONCLUSION: Sentinel lymph node identification and radical hysterectomy in the initial treatment of early stage cervical cancer can be performed safely by laparoscopy with lower morbidity and overall survival and recurrence-free survival similar to standard laparotomy.     

盆腹腔淋巴取样术在子宫内膜癌手术中的临床意义

目的探讨盆腹腔淋巴取样术在子宫内膜癌的临床意义。方法分析2000年1月-2007年12月上海同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院手术治疗的213例子宫内膜癌患者,其中,86例行盆腹腔淋巴取样术,127例行淋巴结切除术。手术方式根据手术切除淋巴结的情况分为两组。①取样组：淋巴取样术,筋膜外全子宫双附件切除/次广泛子宫切除术＋盆腔/腹主动脉旁淋巴结取样术86例;②切除组：次广泛/广泛子宫切除术＋盆腔淋巴结切除/腹主动脉旁淋巴结切除术127例。结果取样组：切除淋巴结中位数18枚,淋巴结的转移10例。切除组：切除淋巴结中位数32枚,淋巴结转移11例。5年生存率分别为94.2%和94.5%。取样组无病发症发生,淋巴结切除组中有9例,分别是1例术中大出血（〉2000ml）,淋巴囊肿感染6例,淋巴漏2例。结论在子宫内膜癌中淋巴结取样术可准确了解淋巴结的转移情况,适宜手术分期,并不影响生存率,是避免过度手术减少并发症发生的有效方法。