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1.
目的评价BACTECTMMGITTM320液体培养在快速检测结核分枝杆菌及耐药性的应用效果。方法收集500例患者痰标本进行液体培养,并与涂片抗酸和固体罗氏培养法进行阳性检出率比较。结果在三种方法中,液体培养结核分枝杆菌结果阳性检出率最高,为33.6%(168/500)。在385份抗酸染色阴性标本中,用液体和固体培养检出率分别为16.9%(65/385)、9.9%(38/385)。液体培养阳性及药敏出结果时间平均10.7、7 d,固体为35、28 d。上述数据差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。液体和固体两种方法检测耐药结果符合率均大于98.4%,污染率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论液体培养法检测结核分枝杆菌,阳性检出率高,有时间优势,且对涂阴的患者更有效。  相似文献   

2.
目的评价BACTEC™MGIT™320液体培养在快速检测结核分枝杆菌及耐药性的应用效果.方法 收集500例患者痰标本进行液体培养,并与涂片抗酸和固体罗氏培养法进行阳性检出率比较.结果 在三种方法中,液体培养结核分枝杆菌结果阳性检出率最高,为33.6%(168/500).在385份抗酸染色阴性标本中,用液体和固体培养检出率分别为16.9%(65/385),9.9%(38/385).液体培养阳性及药敏出结果时间平均10.7天,7天,固体为35天,28天.上述数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).液体和固体两种方法检测耐药结果符合率均大于98.4%,污染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 液体培养法检测结核分枝杆菌,阳性检出率高,有时间优势,且对涂阴的患者更有效.  相似文献   

3.
 目的 评估支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)应用结核分枝杆菌环介导等温扩增技术(TB-LAMP)对菌阴肺结核诊断中的应用价值。方法 收集某院2017年12月—2018年11月临床确诊为菌阴肺结核(3次痰涂片阴性且痰培养阴性)的254例患者的资料,所有患者行支气管检查取支气管镜刷检物或BALF标本,同时分为LAMP组(进行涂片抗酸染色、罗氏培养、TB-LAMP检测)、GeneXpert组(进行涂片抗酸染色、罗氏培养、GeneXpert MTB/RIF检测)。结果 LAMP组和GeneXpert组分别纳入96例、158例菌阴肺结核患者,两组患者性别及年龄比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。LAMP组涂片抗酸染色、罗氏培养、TB-LAMP检测阳性率分别为4.17%(4例)、18.75%(18例)、52.08%(50例);GeneXpert组涂片抗酸染色、罗氏培养、GeneXpert MTB/RIF检测阳性率分别为3.80%(6例)、12.66%(20例)、54.43%(86例)。TB-LAMP、GeneXpert MTB/RIF分别与涂片抗酸染色、罗氏培养阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。TB-LAMP与GeneXpert MTB/RIF对结核分枝杆菌检测阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义。结论 BALF应用TB-LAMP对菌阴肺结核具有良好的诊断效能,且具有快速、简单、准确及经济等特点,值得在临床进一步推广应用。  相似文献   

4.
 目的 探究脊柱结核患者骨密度和骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)迁徙能力的变化及相关性。方法 选取2020年6月1日-2021年12月1日某院住院的脊柱结核行脊柱内固定患者(结核组,72例)和胸腰椎骨折或椎管狭窄行脊柱内固定的患者(对照组,76例),测定患者骨密度,结核组和对照组各采集6例患者手术时取的钉道血提取BMSCs,将提取的BMSCs进行单纯培养和卡介苗(BCG)共培养(即在BMSCs中加入BCG进行共培养),采用划痕试验测定各组第8小时、第16小时、第24小时BMSCs迁徙率,比较各组BMSCs迁徙能力的差异,并对BMSCs标本来源患者骨密度和BMSCs迁徙率作相关性分析。结果 结核组患者的骨密度[(0.84±0.19) g/cm2]低于对照组[(0.95±0.16) g/cm2],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);结核组患者BMSCs迁徙率低于对照组(P<0.05);加入BCG共培养后,结核组患者BMSCs迁徙能力依旧明显降低(P<0.05)。在第8小时和第16小时BMSCs迁徙率与其标本来源患者的椎体骨密度相关系数(r值)分别为0.80、0.67。结论 较胸腰椎骨折或椎管狭窄者患者,脊柱结核患者骨密度明显降低,脊柱结核患者BMSCs迁徙能力减弱;BCG对BMSCs的迁徙能力无明显影响,骨密度与BMSCs迁徙率呈正相关。  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨IFN-γ释放试验在肺内及肺外结核诊断中的应用价值。方法采用IFN-γ释放试验试剂盒分别检测185例结核病患者(包括119例肺结核和66例肺外结核)、139例其他肺部疾病患者和100例健康对照者结核患病情况,并以病原培养或/和临床诊断为标准,评价IFN-γ法诊断的敏感度和特异性,同时分别与痰菌培养及痰涂片平行检验的结果作比较。结果以临床诊断为准金标准,IFN-γ释放试验检测敏感度为93.51%,特异度为84.52%,检测肺结核和肺外结核的敏感度分别为90.76%和98.49%,两者差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05);而痰涂片检测肺结核和肺外结核的敏感度分别为11.76%和3.03%;痰培养检测的敏感度也仅为24.37%和3.03%,3种方法对肺结核和肺外结核检测敏感度,差异均有统计学意义( P均〈0.05)。全部424例标本,经培养阳性有33例,其中鉴定发现2例非结核分枝杆菌感染,均为脓肿分枝杆菌,IFN-γ释放试验检测为阴性,按鉴定确认的31例结核分支杆菌培养阳性结果为金标准,IFN-γ释放试验敏感度为90.32%(95%CI:75.10%~96.65%)。结论IFN-γ释放试验肺内、外结核具有快速方便和较高的敏感度,值得用于临床结核筛查。  相似文献   

6.
3种方法检测肺结核患者痰标本结果分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的比较3种检测方法对肺结核患者痰菌检出率,探索噬菌体生物扩增法提高肺结核病患者结核菌阳性检出率的可行性。方法对同1例肺结核患者的痰标本,采用直接厚涂片法、结核分枝杆菌培养法和噬菌体生物扩增法检测结核分枝杆菌。结果在150例肺结核患者痰标本中,直接厚涂片法检出菌阳26例(检出率为17.3%),痰结核分枝杆菌培养阳性33例(检出率为22.0%),噬菌体生物扩增法阳性85例(检出率为56.7%),噬菌体扩增法阳性检出率高于直接厚涂片法和分枝杆菌培养法(χ^2=51.8,38.8,P〈0.01)。结论噬菌体生物扩增法可提高肺结核病例的痰菌检出率。  相似文献   

7.
目的 比较结核分枝杆菌及利福平耐药基因检测(Xpert MTB/RIF)、γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)和抗酸涂片镜检(抗酸涂片)3种方法检测结核分枝杆菌的优缺点,为临床寻找高效的检测结核分枝杆菌感染的方法。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月—2021年12月秦皇岛市第一医院收治的结核病患者1 093例,将其分为肺结核组(n=665)、肺外结核组(n=428),分析Xpert MTB/RIF、IGRA和抗酸涂片3种方法的检测结果。结果 以培养作为诊断标准,Xpert MTB/RIF诊断肺外结核的敏感性高于肺结核(96.5%>90.9%,P<0.05),IGRA诊断肺外结核的敏感性高于肺结核(93.8%>82.9%,P<0.05),抗酸涂片对肺外结核的诊断敏感性低于肺结核(10.1%<30.0%,P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析,Xpert MTB/RIF肺结核组曲线下面积大于肺外结核(0.921>0.908),IGRA肺外结核组曲线下面积大于肺结核组(0.904>0.837),抗酸涂片肺结核组曲线下面积大于肺外结核组曲线下面积...  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨肺结核诊断中应用结核分枝杆菌复合群核酸检测联合痰涂片找抗酸杆菌检测的临床价值。方法收集阳春市人民医院2020年1月-2021年1月前来本院检查的260例患者作为本次研究病例,对其进行回顾性分析,所有患者均经痰涂片、痰培养和2种方法联用检测结核分枝杆菌,恒温扩增技术检测结核分枝杆菌,将临床诊断结果作为金标准,比较痰涂片、痰培养、恒温扩增技术、痰涂片与恒温扩增技术联用及痰涂片和痰培养联用等5种方法的阳性检出率。结果痰涂片阳性检出率57.5%,痰培养阳性检出率48.00%,恒温扩增技术阳性检出率72.00%,痰涂片与痰培养的阳性检出率59.50%,恒温扩增技术联用痰涂片的阳性检出率79.00%;恒温扩增技术阳性检出率高于痰涂片和痰培养,痰涂片与恒温扩增技术联用阳性检出率高于痰涂片、痰培养、恒温扩增技术、痰涂片联合痰培养,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论结核分枝杆菌复合群核酸检测联合痰涂片找抗酸杆菌检测可以作为肺结核的方式之一,其中痰涂片与恒温扩增技术联用检测价值最为显著。  相似文献   

9.
目的 评价荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)检测血及痰培养物中结核分枝杆菌的临床价值.方法 81例临床诊断为结核病的痰涂片阴性患者中,单纯肺结核40例(肺结核组),合并HIV感染的患者41例(合并感染组).患者的血、痰样本分别进行结核分枝杆菌及其L型培养,采用FQ-PCR技术检测血及痰培养液中结核分枝杆菌DNA.结果 肺结核组结核分枝杆菌痰培养FQ-PCR阳性率为54.1%(20/37);血培养阳性率为27.5%(11/40),血培养FQ-PCR阳性率为22.5%(9/40),血培养及其FQ-PCR总阳性率42.5%(17/40).合并感染组10例痰样本培养后2例FQ-PCR阳性;血培养阳性率为7.3%(3/41),血培养FQ-PCR阳性率为17.1%(7/41).合并感染组血培养物FQ-PCR阳性率(17.1%)与肺结核组(22.5%)相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组痰与血培养物FQ-PCR总阳性率分别为65.0%(26/40)和22.0%(9/41),差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.305,P<0.01).结论 痰或血培养物FQ-PCR检测有助于提高结核或结核合并艾滋病患者的诊断,同时显著提高了痰涂片阴性肺结核患者的诊断.  相似文献   

10.
目的评估基因芯片检测系统在结核分枝杆菌耐药性检测中的应用价值。方法选取2016年1月-12月在温州市第六人民医院涂片阳性的202例疑似结核患者痰标本进行基因芯片检查,去除液体培养实验结果为污染与阴性和非结核分枝杆菌等原因的37例,以液体药敏实验为金标准,共165例患者中分析对利福平、异烟肼和MDR(同时对异烟肼和利福平耐药)诊断的敏感度、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果基因芯片对利福平检测的敏感度和特异度分别为89.8%和93.1%;对异烟肼检测的敏感度和特异度分别为78.7%和96.2%,对MDR的敏感度和特异度分别为73.9%和95.0%。结论该方法简便快速,灵敏度和特异度较好,在结核分枝杆菌耐药性检测中有重要应用价值。  相似文献   

11.
ObjectivesA fast and accurate diagnosis is necessary to control and eliminate tuberculosis (TB). In Korea, TB continues to be a serious public health problem. In this study, diagnostic tests on clinical samples from patients suspected to have TB were performed and the sensitivity and specificity of the various techniques were compared. The main objective of the study was to compare various diagnostic tests and evaluate their sensitivity and specificity for detecting tuberculosis.MethodsFrom January 2013 to December 2013, 170,240 clinical samples from patients suspected to have TB were tested with smear microscopy, acid-fast bacilli culture, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The test results were compared and data were analyzed.ResultsA total of 8216 cultures tested positive for TB (positive detection rate, 4.8%). The contamination rate in the culture was 0.6% and the isolation rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria was 1.0%. The sensitivity and specificity of smear microscopy were 56.8% and 99.6%, respectively. The concordance rate between the solid and liquid cultures was 92.8%. Mycobacterium isolates were not detected in 0.4% of the cases in the liquid culture, whereas no Mycobacterium isolates were detected in 6.8% of the cases in the solid culture. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR for the solid culture were 97.2% and 72.4%, respectively, whereas the corresponding data for the liquid culture were 93.5% and 97.2%.ConclusionThe study results can be used to improve existing TB diagnosis procedure as well as for comparing the effectiveness of the assay tests used for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.  相似文献   

12.
ObjectivesTo evaluate a new tool for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis.MethodsA total of 374 smear-negative clinical specimens from patients with suspected tuberculosis were evaluated using a new procedure consisting of a preliminary step of culture in broth bottles followed by the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (Mtb) and rifampicin resistance by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay (XMTB-RIF).ResultsA total of 30 Mtb strains were isolated, all susceptible to rifampicin. When broth cultures were subjected to XMTB-RIF analysis after 15 days of incubation, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were each 100% when compared with liquid culture.ConclusionThe XMTB-RIF assay used in 15-day broth cultures may provide a final culture result for smear-negative specimens. This process, combined with clinical signs, may contribute to rapidly diagnosing tuberculosis and also to the early reevaluation of empirical antituberculosis treatment.  相似文献   

13.
 目的 观察完全包覆型储痰杯在新型冠状病毒肺炎患者咳痰管理中的应用效果。方法 按方便抽样法将36例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者分为试验组和对照组各18例,试验组使用完全包覆型储痰杯,对照组采用常规储痰杯,比较两组患者痰暴露发生率、咳痰感受以及护士使用观感。结果 试验组患者痰暴露发生率低于对照组(5.56% VS 66.67%),试验组患者咳痰感受满意率高于对照组(94.44% VS 61.11%)。22名护士使用过两种痰杯后对痰杯观感进行评价,试验组的满意率为100.00%,对照组为50.00%,两组患者痰暴露发生率、咳痰感受以及护士使用观感比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 完全包覆型储痰杯能够减少新型冠状病毒肺炎患者痰暴露,提高患者使用舒适度及护士使用观感满意率,减少医务人员新型冠状病毒职业暴露。  相似文献   

14.
目的 分析海南地区某医院肺纤维化急性加重(AE-IPF)患者病原学检测结果,为AE-IPF患者诊疗提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月-2019年12月海南省该院住院的AE-IPF患者,分析其呼吸道病毒IgM抗体、痰细菌学培养和非典型病原体核酸检测结果,比较病原学阳性组与病原学阴性组患者临床资料的差异。结果 共纳入AE-IPF患者52例,其中病原学阳性组23例,病原学阴性组29例。病原学阳性组患者发热、脓痰,以及接受抗感染治疗的比例更高,血白细胞、中性粒细胞及降钙素原更高,而病原学阴性组患者接受糖皮质激素治疗的比例更高,各组差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者住院病死率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病原学阳性组患者痰细菌培养、病毒IgM、非典型病原体核酸检测阳性分别为15、10、9例,痰细菌培养中检出最多的是绿假单胞菌(14.7%,5例),病毒IgM检测阳性以呼吸道合胞病毒和腺病毒为多,均为8.8%(3例),非典型病原体核酸检测阳性者中肺炎支原体居多(17.7%,6例)。结论 感染可能是海南地区该院AE-IPF患者急性加重的重要诱因,临床表现及炎症指标有助于提示AE-IPF患者存在感染的诱因。  相似文献   

15.
Background: Implementation of new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic strategies in resource-constrained settings is challenging. We measured the impact of solid and liquid mycobacterial cultures on treatment practices for patients undergoing TB evaluation in Kampala, Uganda.Methods: We enrolled consecutive smear-negative, human immunodeficiency virus positive adults with cough of ⩾2 weeks from September 2009 to April 2010. Laboratory technicians performed mycobacterial cultures on solid and liquid media. We compared empiric treatment decisions with solid and liquid culture in terms of diagnostic yield and time to results, and assessed impact on patient management.Results: Of 200 patients enrolled, 26 (13%) had culture-confirmed TB: 22 (85%) on solid culture alone, 2 (8%) on liquid culture alone, and 2 (8%) on both solid and liquid culture. Thirty-four patients received empiric anti-tuberculosis treatment, but only 10 (29%) were culture-positive. Median time to a positive result on solid culture was 92 days (interquartile range [IQR] 69–148) compared to 106 days (IQR 66–157) for liquid culture. No patients initiated treatment following a positive result on liquid culture.Conclusion: The introduction of mycobacterial culture did not influence care for patients undergoing evaluation for TB in Kampala, Uganda. Attention to contextual factors surrounding implementation is needed to ensure the effective introduction of new testing strategies in low-income countries.  相似文献   

16.
目的同步进行固体与液体支原体培养,解决液体培养的假阳性和假阴性,缩短培养时间,准确的鉴定为临床用药提供可靠的药敏结果。方法采用法国生物梅里埃公司My coplasma IST2支原体试剂盒对6363例疑似非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)患者进行泌尿生殖道支原体培养、鉴定和药敏试验;用上海恩科生物有限公司生产的解脲脲原体和人型支原体的选择显示培养基。结果泌尿生殖道支原体阳性检出率为32.8%,其中Uu阳性率为75%,Mh阳性率为2%,Uu+Mh混合感染阳性率为24%;药敏试验结果显示,Uu、Mh、Uu+Mh对原始霉素、交沙霉素、强力霉素敏感性均较高,达到90%以上;而Uu对氧氟沙星和环丙沙星具有较高的耐药性。结论固体、液体同步培养支原体只需2d时间,将支原体固体培养的金标准与液体培养的药敏相结合达到试验互补,为临床泌尿生殖道支原体培养提供准确的鉴定和药敏报告。  相似文献   

17.
ObjectiveTo assess the impact of introducing Xpert as a follow-on test after smear microscopy on the total number pulmonary TB notifications.MethodGenexpert systems were installed in six departments across Guatemala, and Xpert was indicated as a follow-on test for people with smear-negative results. We analyzed notifications to national tuberculosis (TB) programmes (NTP) and the project's laboratory data to assess coverage of the intervention and case detection yield. Changes in quarterly TB notifications were analyzed using a simple pre/post comparison and a regression model controlling for secular notification trends. Using a mix of project and NTP data we estimated the theoretical yield of the intervention if testing coverage achieved 100%.ResultsOver 18,000 smear-negative individuals were eligible for Xpert testing during the intervention period. Seven thousand, one hundred and ninety-three people (39.6% of those eligible) were tested on Xpert resulting in the detection of 199 people with smear-negative, Xpert positive results (2.8% positivity rate). In the year before testing began 1098 people with smear positive and 195 people with smear negative results were notified in the six intervention departments. During the intervention, smear-positive notification remained roughly stable (1090 individuals, 0.7%), but smear-negative notifications increased by 167 individuals (85.6%) to an all-time high of 362. After controlling for secular notifications trends over an eight-quarter pre-intervention period, combined pulmonary TB notifications (both smear positive and negative) were 19% higher than trend predictions. If Xpert testing coverage approached 100% of those eligible, we estimate there would have been a + 41% increase in TB notifications.ConclusionsWe measured a large gain in pulmonary notifications through the introduction of Xpert testing alone. This indicates a large number of people with TB in Guatemala are seeking health care and being tested, yet are not diagnosed or treated because they lack bacteriological confirmation. Wider use of more sensitive TB diagnostics and/or improvements in the number of people clinically diagnosed with TB have the potential to significantly increase TB notifications in this setting, and potentially in other settings where a low proportion of pulmonary notifications are clinically diagnosed.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨XpertMTB/RIF技术在初治涂阴肺结核患者诊断中的价值。方法 选取2014年10月至2016年1月盐城市阜宁县和滨海县临床诊断的341例初治涂阴肺结核患者,对其痰标本进行结核分枝杆菌涂片抗酸染色镜检、罗氏固体培养,并同时进行XpertMTB/RIF技术检测。结果 341例初治涂阴肺结核中罗氏固体培养阳性39例(11.44%),阴性302例(88.56%);Xpert MTB/RIF技术检测阳性52例(15.25%),阴性289例(84.75%)。以罗氏固体培养为金标准,Xpert MTB/RIF技术检测结核菌灵敏度为92.3%,特异性为94.70%,一致率为94.43%。Xpert MTB/RIF技术阳性检出中位时间为0 天(IQR 0-3),罗氏固体培养阳性检出的中位时间为38天(IQR 19-65)。Xpert MTB/RIF技术共有276例(80.9%)患者在当天出检测结果,与痰涂片的时效性相仿。结论 Xpert MTB/RIF技术操作简便,时效性好,检测结核分枝杆菌特异性和敏感性较高,对于初治涂阴肺结核的辅助诊断有一定的价值。  相似文献   

19.
 目的 探讨经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)无针输液接头留置时间。方法 选取2019年4—10月在某三甲医院进行PICC维护的肿瘤化学治疗患者,根据使用PICC无针输液接头的种类将患者分为A、B两组,A组使用不透明金属弹簧机械阀无针输液接头(A输液接头),B组使用透明硅胶机械阀无针输液接头(B输液接头),收集患者更换的无针输液接头进行细菌定性及定量培养,比较两组患者PICC留置4~、8~、15~、>21 d时输液接头培养阳性率。结果 共纳入174例患者,11例患者PICC无针输液接头定量细菌培养阳性,阳性率为6.32%,其中A组阳性率为8.70%(8/92),B组阳性率为3.66%(3/82)。不同留置时间无针输液接头定量培养阳性率比较,A组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同留置时间输液接头定性培养阳性率比较,A、B两组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相同留置时间A、B两组输液接头定量、定性培养阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。A组输液接头留置8~14 d、B组留置15~21 d时,其培养阳性率为0。共分离出5种11株细菌,其中最常见的细菌种类蜡样芽孢杆菌(4株)。结论 A输液接头不同留置时间定量细菌培养存在差异,A、B两种输液接头留置相同时间其细菌培养阳性率未见差异。  相似文献   

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