中国农村人群高血压危险因素的meta分析

目的探讨中国农村人群高血压发病的主要危险因素,为今后防治提供依据。方法以高血压、农村、危险因素等为主题词或关键词,检索1998-2013年发表的有关中国农村人群高血压发病危险因素的病例对照研究,按照文献纳入与排除标准选择文献、评价质量,提取数据,采用Rev Man5.1软件进行meta分析。结果共17篇文献符合条件纳入研究,meta分析结果表明各危险因素的合并OR值及95%CI分别为:年龄(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.06~1.08)、BMI(OR=1.36,95%CI=1.27~1.45)、高血压家族史(OR=1.79,95%CI=1.34~2.39)、吸烟(OR=1.20,95%CI=1.07~1.34)、饮酒(OR=1.20,95%CI=1.14~1.27)、嗜盐(OR=1.28,95%CI=1.17~1.41)、高脂肪摄入(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.05~1.31)、文化程度高(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.71~0.87)、经济收入高(OR=0.90,95%CI=0.86~0.94)、锻炼(OR=0.81,95%CI=0.69~0.94)、腰臀比(OR=1.51,95%CI=1.2~1.89)、性别(OR=1.28,95%CI=1.15-1.42)。结论高血压家族史、腰臀比、BMI、嗜盐、性别、吸烟、饮酒、高脂肪摄入、年龄为中国农村人群高血压发病的危险因素,文化程度高、锻炼、经济收入高则为保护性因素。     

中国人群胃癌发病影响因素meta分析

目的探讨中国人群胃癌发病的影响因素,为胃癌的预防控制提供参考依据。方法检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、中国学术文献总库(CNKI)和万方数据库,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集1998年1月—2015年12月公开发表的关于中国人群胃癌发病影响因素的相关文献;应用RevMan 5.2软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入39篇中文文献,累计病例组患者8 979例,对照组人群11 593人;meta分析结果显示,吸烟(OR=2.79,95%CI=2.41~3.24)、喜食腌制食品(OR=2.48,95%CI=2.16~2.85)、饮食不规律(OR=2.46,95%CI=2.08~2.92)、有消化系统疾病史(OR=6.85,95%CI=3.98~11.79)、饮酒(OR=2.63,95%CI=2.04~3.38)、重盐饮食(OR=2.58,95%CI=2.09~3.20)、喜食煎炸食品(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.87~2.78)、喜食烫食(OR=2.67,95%CI=2.12~3.37)、有肿瘤家族史(OR=4.50,95%CI=3.64~5.56)、喜食熏制食品(OR=2.86,95%CI=2.02~4.04)、有幽门螺杆菌感染(OR=2.48,95%CI=1.60~3.86)、进食速度快(OR=2.60,95%CI=2.06~3.30)、暴饮暴食(OR=2.30,95%CI=1.75~3.02)、喜食干硬食品(OR=3.99,95%CI=2.51~6.35)和喜食辣食(OR=2.64,95%CI=1.60~4.35)是中国人群胃癌发病的危险因素,常吃蔬菜(OR=0.58,95%CI=0.49~0.68)、常饮茶(OR=0.52,95%CI=0.42~0.64)、常吃豆及豆制品(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.36~0.67)、常吃葱蒜(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.24~0.56)、常吃奶及奶制品(OR=0.63,95%CI=0.51~0.79)和常吃水果(OR=0.56,95%CI=0.48~0.65)是中国人群胃癌发病的的保护因素;敏感性分析和发表偏倚评估结果显示,纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为可靠。结论吸烟饮酒情况、家族史、疾病史和饮食习惯均为中国胃癌发病的主要影响因素。     

中国人群食管癌主要饮食影响因素的Meta分析

[目的]定量综合评价各种食管癌主要饮食影响因素在我国食管癌发病中的作用,为制定防治措施提供依据。[方法]应用Meta分析原理,全面收集1990～2008年中国人群饮食因素与食管癌的相关文献,制定纳入与排除标准,采用随机效应模型,应用STATA10.0软件计算各影响因素的合并OR值及其95%CI。对结果进行发表性偏倚的量化分析和敏感性分析。[结果]共入选17篇文献,累计病例3737例,对照4243例。腌制食品、饮食不规律、进食过快、热烫饮食、饮酒、辛辣食品、吸烟、油炸食品、霉变食品的合并OR值及其95%CI均大于1,而饮茶、水果、新鲜蔬菜的合并OR值及其95%CI均小1,高盐饮食、干硬食品、葱蒜、动物肉类、禽蛋、豆制品、饮水不清洁与食管癌危险性的关联没有统计学意义。[结论]腌制食品、饮食不规律、进食过快、热烫饮食、饮酒、辛辣食品、吸烟、油炸食品、霉变食品可能为中国人群食管癌饮食危险因素,而饮茶、水果、新鲜蔬菜可能为饮食保护因素,高盐饮食、干硬食品、葱蒜、动物肉类、禽蛋、豆制品、饮水不清洁对食管癌的作用尚不能确定。发表性偏倚量化分析和敏感性分析表明本文结果受发表性偏倚影响较小,较稳定可靠。     

中国7～18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖危险因素meta分析

目的探讨中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖的危险因素,为控制儿童青少年时期超重肥胖提供参考依据。方法检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国学术文献总库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据库、Pubmed数据库、Medline数据库和Embase数据库,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集2003年1月—2016年4月公开发表的关于中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖影响因素的相关文献;应用Rev M an 4.4.2统计软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果男性、居住在城镇、出生体重较大、父母超重、静息时间较长和睡眠时间不充足是中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖的主要危险因素。结论最终纳入23篇中英文文献(中文文献13篇,英文文献10篇),累计病例组儿童青少年22 909例,对照组儿童青少年103 654人;meta分析结果显示,男性(OR=1.92,95%CI=1.69~2.18)、居住在城镇(OR=1.68,95%CI=1.28~2.21)、出生体重≥4 kg(OR=1.98,95%CI=1.31~2.99)、父亲体质指数≥25 kg/m2(OR=1.84,95%CI=1.61~2.10)、母亲体质指数≥25 kg/m2(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.82~2.84)、静息时间2 h/d(OR=1.55,95%CI=1.30~1.85)和睡眠时间不充足(OR=1.47,95%CI=1.27~1.69)是中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重肥胖的危险因素;敏感性分析和发表偏倚评估结果均显示,纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为可靠。     

中国高校教职工高血压危险因素的meta分析

目的综合评价我国高校教职工高血压的危险因素。方法以高血压、教师、教职工、高校等为关键词,检索我国高校教职工高血压危险因素相关的中英文文献,根据文献纳入与排除标准筛选文献、评价文献质量、提取数据,使用Rev Man 5.3.3软件进行meta分析,使用Stata 14.0进行发表偏倚分析。结果纳入分析的文献共136篇,纽卡斯尔渥太华量表(NOS)评分和乔安娜循证护理中心(JBI)研制的横断面研究偏倚风险评价标准评分的结果显示纳入文献总体质量较高。Meta分析结果显示各危险因素的合并OR值及95%CI分别为:性别的OR为1.72,95%CI:1.62~1.83;家族史的OR为3.51,95%CI:2.07~5.96;高盐饮食的OR为2.37,95%CI:1.31~4.29;饮酒史的OR为2.34,95%CI:1.39~3.94;吸烟史的OR为1.81,95%CI:1.28~2.56;规律运动的OR为0.44,95%CI:0.21~0.88;超重的OR为2.53,95%CI:2.24~2.86;肥胖的OR为5.00,95%CI:4.12~6.07;腰臀比超标的OR为2.05,95%CI:1.64~2.57;高血糖的OR为2.53,95%CI:1.47~4.36;高血脂的OR为2.85,95%CI:2.21-3.68;高尿酸血症的OR为1.81,95%CI:1.44~2.27;糖尿病的OR为3.54,95%CI:2.59~4.84;相对于非教师,教师岗位的OR为1.26,95%CI:1.06~1.49;高级职称的OR为2.26,95%CI:1.66~3.06;年龄的meta分析结果显示,50岁以上的合并OR值大于1,且差异有统计学意义,50~75岁年龄段的合并OR值随年龄增长而增大。漏斗图的分析结果显示高血脂和高血糖这两个危险因素存在发表偏倚。结论男性、年龄、家族史、高盐饮食、饮酒史、吸烟史、超重、肥胖、腰臀比超标、高血糖、高血脂、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、教师岗位、高级职称等为我国高校教职工高血压发病的危险因素,而规律运动则为保护因素。     

中国0～6岁儿童营养性贫血影响因素meta分析

目的探讨中国0~6岁儿童营养性贫血的影响因素,为采取相应的预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法检索中国生物医学期刊文献数据库(CBM)、中国万方数据库、中国知网数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)和Pubmed数据库,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集各数据库建库至2015年12月31日公开发表的关于中国0~6岁儿童营养性贫血影响因素的相关文献;应用Stata 11.0统计软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入15篇中英文文献(中文文献14篇,英文文献1篇),累计病例组儿童10 846例,对照组儿童31 613人;meta分析结果显示,母亲贫血(OR=1.805,95%CI=1.251~2.603)、辅食添加不及时(OR=1.411,95%CI=1.123~1.772)、营养不良(OR=1.329,95%CI=1.179~1.498)和近期罹患胃肠道疾病(OR=1.798,95%CI=1.409~2.296)是中国0~6岁儿童营养性贫血的危险因素,月龄较大(OR=0.789,95%CI=0.717~0.867)是中国0~6岁儿童营养性贫血的保护因素;敏感性分析和发表偏倚评估结果均显示,纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为可靠。结论月龄、母亲是否贫血、辅食添加是否及时、是否营养不良和近期是否罹患胃肠道疾病是中国0~6岁儿童营养性贫血的主要影响因素。     

中国人群进食快对食管癌发病影响meta分析

目的探讨中国人群进食快对食管癌发病的影响,为食管癌的预防提供科学依据。方法检索中国知网数据库、万方数据库、Pub Med数据库和Web of Science数据库,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集1980年1月—2017年2月公开发表的有关进食快与食管癌关系的相关文献;应用Stata 11.0软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入26篇文献(中文文献22篇,英文文献4篇),均为病例对照研究,累计病例组8 418例,对照组11 710例;Meta分析结果显示,中国人群进食快者食管癌的发病风险为非进食快者的2.518倍(OR=2.518,95%CI=2.024~3.131);亚组分析结果显示,在不同地区、不同对照来源、不同发表年份、不同文献来源中进食快者食管癌发病风险均高于非进食快者(均P0.01);敏感性分析和发表偏倚检验结果显示,本次meta分析纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为稳定。结论进食快会增加中国人群中食管癌的发病风险。     

中国居民高血压的危险因素Meta分析

摘要:目的　综合评价中国居民高血压的主要危险因素,为高血压的一级预防提供循证依据。方法　检索收集国内2003-2012年发表的高血压危险因素病例对照研究文献,应用Lichtenstein量表进行文献质量评估,采用Meta分析方法进行定量综合分析,绘制森林图,计算危险因素合并OR值及其95%置信区间,通过绘制漏斗图和计算失安全系数Nfs控制偏倚。结果　纳入文献37篇,各危险因素合并OR值（95% CI）由高到低依次为:糖尿病史OR＝2.76（2.24,3.39）;超重OR＝2.61（2.19,3.11）;高血压家族史OR＝2.56（2.35,2.79）;高盐饮食OR＝1.47（1.16,1.85）;饮酒OR＝1.15（1.07,1.24）;吸烟OR＝1.14（1.05,1.23）。结论　糖尿病史、超重、高血压家族史、高盐饮食、饮酒、吸烟均为中国居民高血压的危险因素。     

中国人群睡眠时间与癌症发病风险关系meta分析

目的探讨中国人群睡眠时间与癌症发病风险的关系,为癌症的预防控制提供科学依据。方法检索万方数据知识服务平台、中国知网数据库、维普数据库、PubMed数据库、Embase数据库和Web of Sciences数据库,并辅以文献追溯法收集各数据库建库至2018年9月30日国内外公开发表的有关中国人群睡眠时间与癌症发病风险关系的相关文献;应用Stata 12.0软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入7篇文献(中文文献3篇,英文文献4篇),累计癌症病例3 104例。meta分析结果显示,与参照组相比,未发现睡眠时间过短组和过长组与癌症发病有关(均P 0.05);亚组分析结果显示,仅发现病例对照研究中睡眠时间过长可增加中国人群的癌症发病风险(OR=1.31,95%CI=1.11～1.55,P 0.01);敏感性分析和发表偏倚检验结果显示,本次meta分析纳入的文献不存在发表偏倚,结果较为稳定。结论基于病例对照研究证据,睡眠时间过长会增加中国人群癌症的发病风险。     

生物燃料烟雾暴露与中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病关系meta分析

目的探讨生物燃料烟雾暴露与中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)发生的关系,为COPD的预防控制提供参考依据。方法检索中国知网数据库、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文期刊数据库、Pub Med数据库、Science Direct数据库,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集1990年1月—2015年12月公开发表的关于生物燃料烟雾暴露与中国居民COPD的相关文献;采用Stata 11.0软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入25篇文献(中文文献22篇和英文文献3篇),所有文献质量评分均≥6分;其中,横断面研究16篇,累积样本量为56 801人,病例对照研究9篇,累计病例组和对照组样本量分别为2 149例和2 757人;横断面研究meta分析结果显示,生物燃料烟雾暴露者发生COPD的风险为非生物燃料烟雾暴露者的1.94倍(OR=1.94,95%CI=1.49~2.53);病例对照研究meta分析结果显示,生物燃料烟雾暴露者发生COPD的风险为非生物燃料烟雾暴露者的2.66倍(OR=2.66,95%CI=1.75~4.04);亚组分析结果显示,仅男性、仅农村、做饭+取暖生物燃料使用方式、调整其他因素、样本量3 000人的横断面研究暴露于生物燃料烟雾者发生COPD的风险较大(均P0.01),医院病例来源、其他对照来源、暴露分组方式按烧煤烧柴指数高低、调整其他因素、1:1病例对照研究设计类型的病例对照研究暴露于生物燃料烟雾者发生COPD的风险较大(均P0.01);敏感性分析和发表偏倚检测结果显示,本次横断面研究和病例对照研究meta分析结果均稳定,且均不存在发表偏倚(Z=1.40、0.52,均P0.05)。结论生物燃料烟雾暴露是中国居民COPD的危险因素。     

Coffee and gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

We systematically reviewed the literature on the association between coffee consumption and gastric cancer and performed a meta-analysis of the results. Published cohort and case-control studies were identified in PubMed and reference lists. Random effects meta-analysis was used to pool effects from 23 studies, and heterogeneity was explored by stratification and meta-regression. The odds ratio (OR) for the overall association between coffee and gastric cancer (highest vs. lowest category of exposure) was 0.97 (95%CI: 0.86-1.09), similar for cohort (OR = 1.02; 95%CI: 0.76-1.37) and case-control studies (population-based: OR = 0.90; 95%CI: 0.70-1.15; hospital-based: OR = 0.97; 95%CI: 0.83-1.13). The OR was 1.26 (95%CI: 1.02-1.57) when considering five studies conducted in the USA, 0.97 (95%CI: 0.82-1.14) for the five Japanese studies, 0.98 (95%CI: 0.81-1.17) for the six studies from Europe, and 0.64 (95%CI: 0.47-0.86) for the two studies from South America. In this meta-analysis we found no adverse effect of coffee associated with gastric cancer. Knowledge on the level of exposure to different coffee constituents may provide a deeper understanding of this reassuring result and the real role of coffee on cancer risk.     

Green tea and gastric cancer risk: meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between green tea consumption and the risk of gastric cancer. METHODS: Electronic search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Bio-medicine Database, which have articles published between (1966 and 2006), was conducted to select studies for this meta-analysis. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 14 epidemiologic studies, with a total number of 6123 gastric cancer cases and 134006 controls. The combined results based on all studies showed that green tea consumption was not associated with the risk of gastric cancer [odds ratio (OR)=0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.77-1.24]. The summary OR from all population-based case-control studies showed a minor inverse association between green tea consumption and risk of gastric cancer (OR=0.68, 95% CI=0.49-0.92), while no associations were noted from hospital-based case-control studies (OR=1.12, 95% CI=0.70-1.77) and cohort studies (OR=1.56, 95% CI=0.93-2.60). No associations were noted both in males (OR=1.10, 95% CI=0.76-1.60) and females (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.64-1.51). The summary OR from seven studies suggest that the highest consumption level of green tea was more than 5 cups per day and no associations were noted (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.78-1.27). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this meta-analysis indicated that there is no clear epidemiological evidence to support the suggestion that green tea plays a role in the prevention of gastric cancer.     

Meta-Analysis of Black Tea Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk: Update 2013

Black tea is a commonly consumed beverage in the world, comprising approximately 80% of all tea consumed. We sought to examine the association between black tea consumption and risk of breast cancer, using all available epidemiologic evidence to date. PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, and China Biological Medicine Database were used to search for citations using the MeSH terms as “breast neoplasm” AND “black tea.” Then we performed a meta-analysis of studies of breast cancer risk published between 1985 and 2013 by using RevMan 5.0 software. The results showed that no association between black tea consumption and breast cancer risk in overall [odds ratio (OR) = 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.89–1.05]. We further performed a stratified analysis according to region (United States/Europe). Black tea consumption did not decrease breast cancer risk in the United States (OR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.78–1.07) and in Europe (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.93–1.06). In addition, the summary OR from all cohort studies (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.91–1.18) or all case-control studies (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.88–1.02) showed black tea intake has no effects on breast cancer risk. However, the association between black tea consumption and breast cancer incidence remains unclear based on the current evidence. Further well-designed large studies are needed to confirm our result.     

中国女性乳腺癌危险因素的Meta分析

目的:评价中国女性乳腺癌部分危险因素的作用,探索乳腺癌的病因。方法:运用Meta分析方法对我国1996～2006年间公开发表的有关乳腺癌危险因素病例对照研究的12篇文献资料进行定量综合分析。结果:各因素合并OR值分别为:初潮年龄(年)OR=1.54(95%CI:1.3437～1.7654);哺乳OR=0.68(95%CI:0.4779～0.9782);口服避孕药OR=1.33(95%CI:1.0627～1.6589);良性乳腺疾病史OR=2.62(95%CI:2.0275～3.3804);吸烟OR=1.86(95%CI:1.5394～2.2415);饮酒OR=0.81(95%CI:0.6196～1.0686);饮茶OR=0.86(95%CI:0.7646～0.9728)。结论:初潮年龄、口服避孕药、良性乳腺疾病史及吸烟是乳腺癌发生的危险因素,哺乳及饮茶则是乳腺癌的保护因素。     

Consumption of Tea and Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Published Epidemiological Studies

Epidemiologic studies on the relationship between tea consumption and pancreatic cancer are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a systematic search of databases and performed a meta-analysis to analyze the association between tea consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer. We searched Medline, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane library for studies of tea consumption and pancreatic cancer published up to December 2012. Subgroup analysis was conducted by study type, study region, sex, type of tea, without or with adjustment for smoking, and body mass index. We performed a meta-analysis of 8 case-control studies and 6 cohort studies. For pancreatic cancer, the summary odds ratio (OR) for highest vs. lowest was 0.95 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.84–1.08). The summary OR for moderate vs. lowest was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.86–1.35). The summary OR for ever vs. lowest was 1.00 (95% CI, 0.86–1.16). The results of this meta-analysis suggested tea consumption is not related to pancreatic cancer risk, even at high doses. Because of the small number of studies, further prospective studies are needed.     

老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染危险因素Meta分析

目的 系统评价老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染的危险因素.方法 检索CNKI、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库、CBM、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Cochrane、Medline、EBSCO,收集建库至2021年1月4日发表的关于老年食管癌患者术后肺部感染危险因素研究,包括病例对照研究、队列...     

Meta-analysis of studies on individual consumption of chlorinated drinking water and bladder cancer

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether consumption of chlorinated drinking water is associated with bladder cancer. DESIGN: A bibliographic search was conducted and the authors selected studies evaluating individual consumption of chlorinated drinking water and bladder cancer. The authors extracted from each study risk estimates for intermediate and long term (>40 years) consumption of chlorinated water, stratified by sex when possible, and performed meta-analysis for the two exposure levels. A meta-analysis was also performed of the dose-response regression slopes. SETTING: Populations in Europe and North America. PARTICIPANTS: Those included in six case-control studies (6084 incident bladder cancer cases, 10,816 controls) and two cohort studies (124 incident bladder cancer cases) fulfilling the inclusion criteria. MAIN RESULTS: Ever consumption of chlorinated drinking water was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in men (combined OR=1.4, 95%CI 1.1 to 1.9) and women (combined OR=1.2, 95%CI 0.7 to 1.8). The combined OR for mid-term exposure in both genders was 1.1 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.2) and for long term exposure was 1.4 (95%CI 1.2 to 1.7). The combined estimate of the slope for a linear increase in risk was 1.13 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.20) for 20 years and 1.27 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.43) for 40 years of exposure in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis of the best available epidemiological evidence indicates that long term consumption of chlorinated drinking water is associated with bladder cancer, particularly in men. The observed relative risk is only moderately high, but the population attributable risk could be important as the vast majority of the population of industrialised countries is potentially exposed to chlorination byproducts for long time periods.     

饮茶与肺癌发病风险的病例-对照研究

目的探讨饮茶与肺癌的关联。方法采用病例对照研究设计,收集确诊的肺癌新发病例1225例和按频数匹配的健康对照1234例。采用统一编制的调查表,面访收集研究对象的一般人口学特征、居住环境、饮食史、吸烟史、饮酒史、饮茶史、疾病及家族史等资料。非条件logistic回归模型估算饮茶与肺癌发病风险的调整比值比(OR)及其95%可信区间(95%CI),并分析饮茶与吸烟的交互作用。结果饮茶可显著降低非吸烟者肺癌的发病风险,调整OR值为0.465(95%CI 0.345～0.625);随着饮茶年数的增加,肺癌发生的危险性降低;红茶、绿茶、乌龙茶、其他类型茶的调整OR值分别为0.333(95%CI 0.154～0.720)、0.522(95%CI 0.356～0.767)、0.735(95%CI 0.424～1.274)和0.267(95%CI 0.143～0.497)。每周饮茶<3次和饮淡茶者与吸烟者肺癌有显著关联(P<0.05),调整OR值分别为0.453(95%CI 0.286～0.717)和0.518(95%CI 0.346～0.778)。结论饮茶是肺癌的保护因素,尤其可明显降低非吸烟肺癌的危险性。     

Green tea and black tea consumption and prostate cancer risk: an exploratory meta-analysis of observational studies

Observational studies on tea consumption and prostate cancer (PCa) risk are still inconsistent. The authors conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between green tea and black tea consumption with PCa risk. Thirteen studies providing data on green tea or black tea consumption were identified by searching PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases and secondary referencing qualified for inclusion. A random-effects model was used to calculate the summary odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For green tea, the summary OR of PCa indicated a borderline significant association in Asian populations for highest green tea consumption vs. non/lowest (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.38-1.01); and the pooled estimate reached statistically significant level for case-control studies (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.25-0.73), but not for prospective cohort studies (OR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.66-1.53). For black tea, no statistically significant association was observed for the highest vs. non/lowest black tea consumption (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.82-1.20). In conclusion, this meta-analysis supported that green tea but not black tea may have a protective effect on PCa, especially in Asian populations. Further research regarding green tea consumption across different regions apart from Asia is needed.     

中国人群主动吸烟与慢性阻塞性肺病关系的Meta分析

目的 通过meta分析探究中国人群慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的危险因素,为制定中国控烟政策及评估中国烟草带来的疾病负担提供必要的参数。方法 在PubMed、Web of science、Embase、中国知网、维普、万方数据库中检索从建库至2021年6月31日发表的所有吸烟相关疾病的中、英文队列或病例对照研究文献,筛选并提取相关信息。 使用Stata 16.0进行meta分析,探究吸烟与慢性阻塞性肺病发病/死亡的关联。结果 最终纳入16篇文献,其中队列研究10篇,病例对照6篇。Meta分析结果显示,吸烟是COPD的重要危险因素,曾吸烟者较不吸烟者COPD患病/死亡风险更大,RR值为2.64（95%CI:1.74～4.00）,其中男性RR为1.74（95%CI:1.44～2.09）,女性RR为4.06（95%CI:2.53～6.52）,女性显著高于男性。亚组分析结果显示,除男性曾吸烟者病例对照研究（RR: 2.22,95%CI:1.68～2.95)和队列研究（RR:1.33,95%CI:1.19～1.49）RR可信区间无交叠,差异有统计学意义外,其他不同类别的各亚组间RR值差异没有统计学意义。结论 虽然与西方国家相比,中国人群RR值偏低,但吸烟仍是COPD的重要危险因素,其中女性较男性危险度更高。为减轻COPD造成的疾病负担,应进一步加强控烟相关措施。同时,作为一篇只针对于中国人群的研究,本篇文献将为制定中国控烟政策及评估中国烟草带来的疾病负担提供相关依据。