Trace metals in sediments and potential availability to Anadara granosa

Trace metals in the sediments non-residual fraction and their relative abundance in various sedimentary components from the culture bed of Anadara granosa were investigated. High levels of Cd (40%), Ni (40%), and Pb (43%) were associated with the sediment exchangeable phase (EP). The sediment moderately reducible phase (MRP) was more predominant than the easily reducible phase (ERP) and the organic sulphide phase (OSP) in the sorption of available trace metals. However, this area was not considered to be heavily impacted by trace metal pollution. Since there was no significant concentration gradients observed in sediments and bivalves collected from all stations, trace metal enrichment factors were determined. A. granosa collected from this area was enriched by Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, and Ni.     

Study on Organochlorine Compounds in Cockles, Anadara granosa and Mussels, Perna viridis from Aquaculture Sites in Peninsular Malaysia

No abstract available.     

Europe and hospitals--strengths and requirements

Hospitals all over Europe must get ready to face the important challenge of 1993 at all levels: micro-economic, macro-economic, local, regional and European. Despite the liberalization trends which will inevitably appear with the increased freedom of exchange and movement, hospitals must strive to remain havens of peace to patients.     

企业职工高尿酸血症与血压、血脂、血糖的相关性研究

目的探讨企业职工高尿酸血症（HUA）与血压、血脂、血糖的相关性,为企业进行健康管理提供依据。方法以中国石油长庆油田公司各下属企业为抽样单位,整群随机抽取2个单位,每个单位中所有的HUA者作为HUA组,共720人;同时在尿酸水平正常者中随机选取620人为正常组。通过Logistic回归分析HUA与年龄、性别、血压、血脂、血糖的关系。结果HUA合并高血压、高血脂、空腹m糖受损任意一项、两项、三项的比例均远高于正常组（OR值分别为：4．036,2．562,4．174）。多因素Logistic回归发现：男性、收缩压、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇是HUA的危险因素（OR值分别为7．736,2．309,1．721,2．761,1．411）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为HUA的保护因素（OR值为0．211）。结论HUA存在性别差异,且与血压、血脂密切相关。企业对职工的健康管理应充分考虑多危险因素的综合作用,全面的进行健康教育及干预。     

Self-Esteem and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Women and Men

Influences on food choices are multifactorial, and limited research has been reported on the role of social-psychological variables. Earlier studies have linked self-esteem with a variety of health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to extend the research to examine the relationship of self-esteem to dietary behaviors, specifically the intake of fruits and vegetables and their key nutrients. Subjects were 155 married couples in a stratified random sample of households in one mid-western state. Husbands and wives were interviewed separately in their own homes. Independent variables were age, education, income, body mass index, and self-esteem.The dependent variables were number of servings and variety of vegetables and fruits per week and energy-adjusted intakes of fiber, folate, and vitamins A and C. Self-esteem was measured by the Rosenberg questionnaire, while dietary intake was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Women reported significantly more servings of fruits per week, greater variety in both fruit and vegetable choices, and higher energy-adjusted nutrient intakes than did their husbands. Women met Food Guide Pyramid (FGP) recommendations for fruit intake and approached the recommendation for vegetable servings. Men fell short of FGP recommendations for both fruit and vegetables. After adjustment for age, education, income, and body mass index, self-esteem was a significant predictor of vitamin C and folate intake among women and folate intake among men. No other dietary variables were associated with self-esteem, although for men there was a trend for increased weekly servings of vegetables and increased variety in vegetable choices with higher self-esteem. One implication for practice is that age and education appear to be far stronger factors contributing to fruit and vegetable intake than is self-esteem. Additional research is needed to clarify the strength of self-esteem as a factor in specific food choices, especially among subpopulations.     

护士职业礼仪与整体护理研究

整体护理强调的是以病人为中心，以护理程序为核心，有系统的对病人进行身心整体护理。整体护理是否见效，在很大程度上取决于护士的职业素质。从我院开展的整体护理模式病房工作成效分析，在学习新模式，转变传统护理观念的同时，同样要重视护士职业礼仪的教育，这样既提高整体护理的理论知识，     

Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents and preventative measures

The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children is increasing rapidly. This is alarming because obesity is associated with severe chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity at young age is related to obesity at adult age. Consequently, the prevention of overweight from childhood onwards is an important issue. Apart from diabetes mellitus type 2 there is an increased risk of orthopaedic complications, respiratory problems, fertility problems, cardiovascular diseases and psychosocial consequences in the form of a negative self-image, emotional and behavioural problems and depression. Environmental and behavioural factors are regarded as the most important causes of the rapid increase in the prevalence of overweight and as the most important starting points for prevention. Most prevention programmes are still in the initial stages. Prevention programmes aimed at stimulating breast feeding and daily physical activity (playing outside) and the restriction of sweetened drinks and watching TV are very promising. With such preventive measures the involvement of both the school and the parents is important.