髋关节置换术后翻修原因分析

１９７４年～１９９１年对２６４例老年股骨颈骨折、股骨头缺血坏死、髋关节骨性关节炎患者行髋人工关节置换，其中人工股骨头置换１５０例，全髋关节置换１１４例。术后因假体松动、下沉、脱位，髋臼磨损等原因，引起患者疼痛，功能障碍而行翻修术１５例，翻修率为５．７％，翻修时间为术后５年～１６年，平均７．４年。翻修手术为人工股骨头再置换术３例，全髋关节置换术１２例。翻修术后随访２年～６年，平均４．７年。按Ｊａｃｏｂｓ法评价，优１１例，占７３％；良３例，占２０％；可１例，占７％。翻修原因主要与假体松动、下沉，髋臼磨损，髋臼软骨切取不彻底，臼窝太浅，植入假体时存有血迹等有关。     

自体骨泥植骨在非骨水泥型人工髋关节置换术的应用

目的：探讨自体骨泥植骨在非骨水泥型人工髋关节置换术中的应用。方法：1989年4月～1998年10月，应用术中切下的股骨头松质骨及股骨颈髓腔刮出的松质骨研磨面骨泥，涂抹于股忖假体周围，行人工髋关节置换51例，57髋。结果：51例57髋经7～13年的长期随访，优良率92．16％。假体松动7例，占12．28％。结论：自体骨泥植骨在非骨水泥型人工髋关节置换术，取材方便，对机体无毒副作用，可以获得初始的假体与骨组织的紧密贴合，进而获得初始的假体稳定，并能减少假体松动的发生。     

人工全髋置换术疗效分析

作者对人工全髋置换术后１４５例患者进行随访，共１６０个髋。平均年龄５２．７±１１．７岁，平均随访时间５年９个月，总满意率为９３．４％。作者认为ＴＨＲ适应证取决于疾病种类和程度以及患者所面临的社会生活要求。松动和下沉是晚期主要的并发症。髓腔较大者，松动发生率为３２．５％，假体柄内翻时，松动率为３０％。     

非骨水泥假体在髋关节翻修术中的应用

目的：分析人工关节置换术后翻修的原因。探讨非骨水泥假体在髋关节翻修术中的应用效果。方法：人工髋关节置换术后患者36例42侧髋关节。其中男26例。女10例，年龄35-78岁。平均50岁。人工关节置换术后3个月-16年，平均6年3个月。翻修的原因；髋关节疼痛不伴假体明显松动11例11髋，感染2髋，无菌性松动27髋，假体柄位置异常2例。42个髋臼中无髋臼骨缺损者10髋，GustilloⅠ，Ⅱ型髋臼松动14髋，Ⅲ型髋臼松动10髋，对上述患者直接用纯钛螺旋臼成型或髋臼底加用颗粒植骨，Ⅳ型松动骨缺损8髋。采用颗粒植骨，钛网重建髋臼，骨水泥髋臼假体成型。40侧股骨进行了翻修术。其中假体无松动12髋。GustilloⅠ型，Ⅱ型，Ⅲ型及Ⅳ型假体柄松动分别为6，8，13和1个髋关节，取出假体柄后视情况植入非骨水泥普通假体柄或加长柄，视骨缺损情况进行假体周围植骨，必要时捆绑带固定。结果：髋臼侧进行了钛网重建植骨的8例患者术后3d可以下地非负重柱拐行走，其余患翥 均可于术后3d下地负重行功能练习，术后随访6-66（平均22）个月。无假体自欺欺人多位下沉等不稳迹象，无需要再重新翻修的病例。Harris评分由翻修前的5-54分（平均32.6分）增加到术后的56-98分（平均88.1分）。随访X线片显示部分患者骨质改建，密度增加，未发现假体周围有新出现透亮带的患者。结论：最常见翻修的原因为无菌性松动。其次为股骨头或双动头置换术后金属与髋臼之间摩擦产生的疼痛，采用非骨水泥型假体对髋关节进行翻修术后中，近期可取得良好的手术效果。远期效果有待随访。     

Charnley型人工全髋置换术后10年以上随访的X线分析

目的：通过对骨水泥固定的Charnley型人工全髋置换术患者10年以X线随访，探讨骨水泥型人工全髋的固定效果、松动及影响寿命的因素等。方法：获得10年上随访的38例45髋作研究对象，平均随访14.6年。X线包括术后及最后随访时髋关节正侧位片。结果：髋臼假体松动有24髋（53％），其中明显松动（definite loosening）14髋（13％），可能松动（possible loosening）10髋（22％）。臼杯磨损共35髋（78％），平均磨损率为0.133mm/年；股骨假体柄松动有12髋（27％），其中明显松动8髋（18％），可能松动4髋（9％）。假体柄周围骨溶解18髋（40％）。本组45髋中8髋（18％）行翻修术，其中4髋因髋臼假体松动单纯髋臼假体翻修，其余4例行髋臼和股骨假体全部翻修。结论：骨水泥固定的Charnley型人工全髋置换术后10年以上长期随访结果，股骨假体的固定效果较好，但髋臼假体的固定效果并不满意。聚乙烯臼杯磨损不可避免，作为人工关节材料，聚乙烯对金属的关节组合应重新考虑。采用改良的骨水泥固定方法对人工全髋假体的早期稳定性和长期寿命非常重要。从髋臼假体的固定效果来看，金属臼（metal shell）假体的非骨水泥固定效果优于聚乙烯臼的骨水泥固定效果。     

晚期股骨头坏死的人工关节置换术

[目的]探讨晚期股骨头坏死患者髋关节置换术的选择方法及其临床结果。[方法]对本科于1985年5月～2003年12门行髋关节置换术的119例（138髋）股骨头坏死患者进行了随访。使用人工双极股骨头置换术及THA治疗晚期股骨头坏死者分别为29例（31髋），90例（107髋）。所有手术均采用后外侧人路。[结果]早期使用的国产骨水泥人工双极股骨头假体，86．7％的股骨柄假体出现松动。全骨水泥THA，50％髋出现了髋臼杯似体松动，62．5％髋股骨柄似体松动，25％髋行全髋人工关节翻修术：混合型（Hybrid）THA，未出现髋臼杯及股骨柄似体的松动，非骨水泥THA，除1例外无髋臼杯及股骨柄假体松动或下沉。[结论]使用人工双极股骨头置换术治疗晚期股骨头坏死应慎重选择，可适用于老年、日常活动量小的患者；而对于年轻患者，非骨水泥型THA为最佳选择；对于股骨侧出现骨质疏松或不适合使用生物固定型股骨柄假体的患者，混合型（Hybrid）THA同样可以获得满意疗效；全骨水泥犁THA应很少使用。     

Charnley型人工全髋置换术后10年以上随访的X线分析

目的:通过对骨水泥固定的Charnley型人工全髋置换术患者10年以上X线随访,探讨骨水泥型人工全髋的固定效果、松动及影响寿命的因素等。方法:获得10年以上随访的38例45髋作为研究对象,平均随访14.6年。X线包括术后及最后随访时髋关节正侧位片。结果:髋臼假体松动有24髋(53％),其中明显松动(definite loosening)14髋(13％),可能松动(possible loosening)10髋(22％)。臼杯磨损共35髋(78％),平均磨损率为0.123mm/年;股骨假体柄松动有12髋(27％),其中明显松动8髋(18％),可能松动4髋(9％)。假体柄周围骨溶解18髋(40％)。本组45髋中8髋(18％)行翻修术,其中4髋因髋臼假体松动单纯髋臼假体翻修,其余4例行髋臼和股骨假体全部翻修。结论:骨水泥固定的Charnley型人工全髋置换术后10年以上长期随访结果,股骨假体的固定效果较好,但髋臼假体的固定效果并不满意。聚乙烯臼杯磨损不可避免,作为人工关节材料,聚乙烯对金属的关节组合应重新考虑。采用改良的骨水泥固定方法对人工全髋假体的早期稳定性和长期寿命非常重要。从髋臼假体的固定效果来看,金属臼(metal shell)假体的非骨水泥固定效果优于聚乙烯臼的骨水泥固定效果。     

混合型初次人工全髋关节置换术的临床应用

目的探讨混合型初次人工全髋关节置换术的适应证及临床疗效。方法回顾性研究2004年1月至2007年12月施行混合型初次人工全髋关节置换术42例（45髋）,全部得到随访,临床资料完整,平均随访（34．1±1．2）个月,对假体生存率、Harris髋关节评分、疼痛、步态、大腿痛等方面进行评估。放射学资料完整者39例（42髋）,平均随访（31．5±1．6）个月,对假体放射学松动率、骨水泥鞘分级、异位骨化等方面进行评估。结果假体生存率为97．7％,以髋臼或股骨假体无菌性松动为观察终点,则假体生存率为100％。Harris髋关节评分比术前平均（48±20）分（10～85分）改善为平均（90±8）分（56～100分）,仅1髋股骨头坏死为轻度疼痛,其余44髋均为轻微疼痛或无疼痛。2例为中度跛行,10例为轻度跛行,30例无跛行。无一例出现大腿痛,无一例出现髋臼或股骨假体的放射学松动。2例（2髋）发生异位骨化,均为BrookerⅠ级。结论混合型初次人工全髋关节置换术治疗晚期髋关节疾患效果良好。     

股骨距切除替代转子下截骨在成人髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术中的应用

目的探讨髋关节发育不良需要行关节置换的患者切除股骨距安装假体柄的手术效果及手术风险。方法CroweⅣ型先天性髋关节脱位3例3髋，髋关节后天脱位并发育不良1例2髋，髋关节骨折脱位19年1例1髋。采用外侧前方人路行全髋关节置换手术，所有髋臼均置于原真臼位置，股骨侧则切除股骨距，使得假体柄于髓腔内下沉安装假体柄，因而对股骨进行相对的短缩，所有患者均未行转子下截骨。结果6髋中，3髋股骨近端因为髓腔狭小而劈开，骨皮质安装最小号的假体柄，并使用捆绑带或钢丝固定，其中1例患者术中股骨假体周围骨折延伸到了假体远端，但基本未影响术后负重。患肢长度增加1～4cm，假体柄于髓腔内较正常位置下沉1．5～4．0cm。所有患者均可于术后2～3d逐渐下地无限制负重，随访4个月～5年，未见假体柄松动移位、断裂。结论对于高位脱位且发育不良的髋关节，采用股骨距切除使得假体柄下沉的方法替代转子下截骨，从而相对短缩股骨，从而达到减轻对神经血管的损伤和复位关节的目的，此手术方法相对于转子下截骨可能更简单，但其长期效果有待进一步观察与验证。     

全髋关节置换术髋臼旋转中心的回顾性研究

[目的]通过手术前后对髋臼旋转中心的X线测量，探讨髋臼旋转中心的变化对髋关节平衡稳定性的影响。[方法]追溯调查近年本院收治120例155髋，均为首次行全髋关节置换术患者，对比术前术后双髋关节正位X线片，比较术后髋臼假体的旋转中心（HJC1）与解剖髋臼旋转中心（HJC0）的符合率。[结果]旋转中心恢复者98髋（63．23％）（A组），未恢复者57髋（36．77％）（B组）；A、B两组中因人工髋关节松动、脱位、髋部痛等行髋关节假体翻修术分别为6髋（6．12％）、17髋（29．82％）。[结论]髋臼旋转中心的恢复对人工髋关节置换术后的关节稳定性有直接影响。     

Precoated femoral component in primary hybrid total hip arthroplasty: results at a mean 10-year follow-up

This is a mid-term report at 10 years' mean follow-up of a study of a precoated femoral component used in primary hybrid total hip arthroplasty (THA). Of an original cohort of 98 hips undergoing THA performed by one surgeon, 75 hips in 65 patients (mean age, 67 years) were prospectively followed up for 7 to 12 years (mean, 10 years). All hips had the same porous coated acetabular component and a precoated femoral component (with an oval cross-section) implanted using Simplex bone cement (Howmedica, Rutherford, NJ). There was no femoral component loosening or revision. Two acetabular components in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and protrusio acetabulae had radiographic loosening; however, only 1 was symptomatic and was revised. Acetabular osteolysis was seen in 4 hips (5.3%), and minor femoral osteolysis was seen in 3 hips (4%). Used in this manner in this patient population, precoating is not detrimental to successful fixation at 10 years' mean follow-up of primary hybrid THA.     

变异髋臼初次全髋人工关节置换术前设计及临床意义

目的:探讨变异髋臼初次全髋人工关节置换术中髋臼假体的正确放置位置及手术疗效。方法:对34例(38髋)接受全髋关节置换的髋臼变异的各类髋关节疾病进行术前设计,其中男20例,女14例,平均年龄56.1岁(29~75岁)。股骨头坏死继发骨性关节炎15例(19髋),髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎12例,创伤性骨关节炎5例,髋关节融合术后1例,髋关节人工股骨头置换术后1例。结果:术后患者均获得随访,平均随访11个月(5~38个月)。根据Harris髋关节功能评分评定,优(>90分)12髋,良(80~90分)23髋,尚可(70~79分)3髋,失败0髋(<70分)。评定结果:术前Harris评分平均47.9分,术后平均90.3分。结论:对于髋臼解剖结构异常的髋关节疾病患者行全髋人工关节置换时,通过术前对髋臼正确位置的设计,使髋关节中心置于正确的位置上,既可简化术中操作的难度,又可以使臼杯假体得到牢固固定及良好的骨覆盖,有利于人工全髋关节的长期疗效。     

Effect of osteonecrosis on bone density and its management on the results of revision arthroplasty of the hip]

128 hips after revision arthroplasty in 115 patients which had been operated in our Ward in 1990-2001 were retrospectively evaluated. There were 99 women and 16 men with mean age: 68.9 years old. The mean time of follow-up was 28.6 months (form 3 to 120 months). In 98 hips there were aseptic loosening of the both elements of the prosthesis, in 13 hips there were aseptic loosening of the stem, in 17 hips there were aseptic loosening of the cup only. Cement total hip rearthroplasty was made in 112 cases and cementless total hip rearthroplasty was made in 16 hips. In presented material there were used the acetabular bone grafts in 114 cases, and the femoral bone grafts in 97 cases--all with allogenic frozen bone grafts. The additional implants were used in 31 cases (meshwork, wire, screw). The bone defects in acetabulum and femoral stem was based on Paprovsky classification. There were good and excellent results in 90% and poor or bad results in 10% according to clinical and radiological evaluation. Mean clinical result was 78.5 p. in Harris Hip Score. The radiological results were poor in 13 hips (according to criterion proposed by joined committee of The Hip Society, SICOT and AAOS). Osteointegration of bone allografts was radiologically confirmed in 81% of cases. Complication rates is 20%. There is no correlation between the type of acetabular or femoral bone defects and results of revision hip arthroplasty. Poor results are correlated with use of SKT or Weller stem. Wagner femoral osteotomy and the lack of bone allografts healing.     

髋臼内陷症的全髋关节置换术

目的 探讨全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼内陷症的手术操作方法和临床疗效.方法 2003年6月至2008年5月,采用全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼内陷症31例35髋,男16例18髋,女15例17髋;年龄36～71岁,平均52.2岁.手术均采用后外侧入路,股骨头取出困难时采用逆行取出法,分别处理髋臼环和髋臼底,取自体松质颗粒骨修复骨缺损,采用压配方式植入非骨水泥型全髋关节假体.术后1、3、6、12个月门诊随访,以后每年随访1次,随访时采用Harris髋关节评分评估髋关节功能,摄X线片观察假体是否有松动和再次内陷,植骨是否愈合.结果 全部病例随访19～152个月,平均46.5个月.1例患者术后第2天出现右下肢深静脉血栓,经抗凝处理后痊愈;1例术后2个月出现轻度大腿痛,无特殊处理,术后6个月消失,无其他并发症发生.术前Harris髋关节评分平均(48.9±6.5)分,末次随访增至平均(91.2±5.7)分,较术前平均改善42.3分.X线片显示所有假体均获得骨性稳定,无松动和再次内陷,术后平均6个月植骨愈合.结论 对于内陷髋臼,采用不同于普通全髋关节置换的手术技术,外移髋臼至旋转中心,用植骨修复骨缺损,选择非骨水泥型假体重建髋臼,可获得较好的临床效果,髋臼松动和再次内陷发生率低.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for protrusio acetabuli. Methods Between 2003 to 2008, 31 patients(35 hips) with protrusio acetabuli were treated with THA, including 16 males (18 hips) and 15 females (17 hips). The age ranged from 36 to 71 years (average age 52.2 years). The femoral heads were moved out with retrograde method when necessary via posterior-lateral hip incision. The acetabular loops and bottoms were prepared respectively. Auto-bone grafting was used to repair acetabular defects and cementless prostheses were planted with press-fit skills. At follow-up visit,the hip functions were evaluated by Harris score. The loosening, re-protrusion and the union of graft bone was judged by X-ray. Results The mean follow-up was 46.5 months (19-152 months). One patient developed DVT on the second day post-operatively who recovered well after anticoagulation treatment. One patient complained of gentle thigh pain which disappeared at 6 months. No other complication was found. The mean Harris scores had improved from 48.9±6.5 pre-operatively to 91.2±5.7 post-operatively. All prostheses acquired bone stabilization with no sign of loosening and re-protrusion and the grafts bone were healed at a mean 6 months according to X-ray. Conclusion THA with acetabular bone grafting and cementless component for protrusio acetabuli have acquired excellent results and prevented loosening and re-protrusio effectively.     

变异髋臼初次全髋人工关节置换术前设计及临床意义

目的:探讨变异髋臼初次全髋人工关节置换术中髋臼假体的正确放置位置及手术疗效。方法:对34例（38髋）接受全髋关节置换的髋臼变异的各类髋关节疾病进行术前设计,其中男20例,女14例,平均年龄56.1岁（29⁷5岁）。股骨头坏死继发骨性关节炎15例（19髋）,髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎12例,创伤性骨关节炎5例,髋关节融合术后1例,髋关节人工股骨头置换术后1例。结果:术后患者均获得随访,平均随访11个月（5³8个月）。根据Harris髋关节功能评分评定,优（>90分）12髋,良（80⁹0分）23髋,尚可（70⁷9分）3髋,失败0髋（<70分）。评定结果:术前Harris评分平均47.9分,术后平均90.3分。结论:对于髋臼解剖结构异常的髋关节疾病患者行全髋人工关节置换时,通过术前对髋臼正确位置的设计,使髋关节中心置于正确的位置上,既可简化术中操作的难度,又可以使臼杯假体得到牢固固定及良好的骨覆盖,有利于人工全髋关节的长期疗效。     

Omnifit cementless total hip arthroplasty. A 10-year average followup.

Seventy-six hips in 67 patients were evaluated an average of 119 months (range, 61-150 months) after total hip arthroplasty with porous coated Omnifit femoral and acetabular components. The patients were young (average age, 45 years), and most were male (67%). Two stems and one cup were revised for aseptic loosening, for aseptic revision rates of 2.6% on the femoral side and 1.3% on the acetabular side. Thigh pain was present in three cases, one of which was activity limiting. Twenty-five (35.7%) hips had evidence of osteolysis confined to proximal Gruen Zone 1 or 7 or to the acetabulum (22 proximal femoral, three both). There were no cases of intramedullary osteolysis in surviving stems. Thirteen (17.1%) hips have undergone reoperation for bone grafting of progressive proximal osteolysis without component revision, at an average 93 months after the total hip arthroplasty. At an average 40 months after reoperation, all stems remain well fixed, and there has been no recurrence of osteolysis of grafted femoral lesions. These results suggest that a circumferentially proximally porous coated femoral component in cementless total hip arthroplasty can provide stable fixation for as long as 12 years after implantation and caseal the canal from distal osteolysis. Serious concerns remain about the incidence of proximal femoral osteolysis.     

应用非骨水泥髋臼或金属髋臼支架行髋关节翻修术的临床研究

目的 评估非骨水泥髋臼及金属髋臼支架加植骨修复髋臼骨缺损的效果.方法 我院自2001年9月至2008年9月应用髋臼翻修支架行髋关节翻修术22例(24髋).其中Lima非骨水泥人工翻修髋臼2例(2髋),Kerboull 支架2例(2髋),GAP 髋臼翻修支架18例(20髋).男性6例(6髋),女性16例(18髋).平均年龄62岁(34～79岁).感染性松动2例(2髋),无菌松动20例(22髋).平均随访时间48个月(18～84个月),对其进行临床和影像学评估.Harris评分术前平均为56分(44～75分).结果 末次随访时22例患者Harris评分平均为89分(78～94分).优良率为95.5%(21/22).三种髋臼翻修支架的外展角满意,髋臼旋转中心基本得到了重建.髋臼翻修支架及其聚氯乙烯臼无明显移位,假体周围无透亮线,髋臼植骨愈合良好.结论 应用非骨水泥髋臼或髋臼支架修复髋臼侧巨大骨缺损,重建了髋臼正常旋转中心、提供了翻修假体的初期稳定性、避免了所植骨在血管化时期的过度机械负重,是翻修髋臼巨大骨缺损的可靠方法.     

Die Hakendachschale in der Revision schwieriger gelockerter Hüftprothesenpfannen

The long-term results of acetabular revision after total hip arthroplasty (THA) with the use of a reinforcement ring with hook were evaluated. The study included 57 cases of surgery dating back 10 years or more. Of a total of 54 patients (57 operated hips), 18 patients (19 hips) died during the 10-year period and 2 patients (2 hips) were completely lost to follow-up. At the time of the revision surgery, the mean age of the remaining 34 patients (36 hips) was 62.5 years (range: 47-80). A THA revision was done in 25 cases and an acetabular revision only in 11 cases. The most common acetabular defect was a combined segmental and cavitary defect (n = 19), and in three cases there was pelvic discontinuity. Autologous or homologous cancellous bone grafts were used to fill acetabular cavities in 17 hip joints. Structured bone grafts, predominantly homologous bone, were used in ten cases for acetabular reconstruction. At a mean follow-up of 11.4 years (range: 10-14.5) three hip joints (8%) had undergone further revision. The revisions were done for aseptic loosening of the acetabular component in two cases and a septic loosening of both components in one case. Three further cases (8%) revealed signs of acetabular loosening. Two of these three patients were symptomatic but refused further revision surgery. In the 33 unrevised hip joints, a good or excellent clinical result with a d'Aubingé score of more than 14 points was found in 30 cases (92%). Osseous acetabular reconstruction with the use of a reinforcement ring leads to favorable results compared to other techniques. In the authors' opinion, this technique is preferable to those using oversized cups without osseous reconstruction of the acetabulum.     

非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良伴骨性关节炎

目的：评价非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨的全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎的结果。方法：回顾性分析20例(21髋)患者行全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎。女性18例,男性2例,平均年龄50岁,采用非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨螺钉固定重建髋臼侧。臼杯置于真性髋臼水平,所有病例由于髋臼缺损而需要行自体股骨头植骨。平均植骨块覆盖的臼杯比例为31％(10％～45％)。8髋植骨块覆盖小于25％,13髋位于25％-50％之间。平均随访时间4．7年(1．5—8年)。采用改良Harris评分对结果进行评估。术前及随访时进行摄片观察。结果所有植骨块均获得愈合。无植骨块塌陷和髋假体松动。改良Harris评分由术前平均46分增加到89分。术前除1例双髋发育不良外,下肢不等长均超过2cm,术后只有2例仍有双下肢不等长超过1cm。3髋的植骨块外侧非支撑臼杯部分出现轻微的骨吸收。3髋发现有BrookerⅠ度异位骨化,1髋Ⅱ度异位骨化。结论：使用非骨水泥臼杯加自体股骨头植骨重建髋臼侧的全髋关节置换术治疗髋发育不良继发骨性关节炎可获得良好结果。该方法在植骨块支撑臼杯不超过50％的情况下,髋臼固定可靠,可保留髋臼的骨量。     

类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷的全髋关节置换

目的探讨类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷患者行全髋关节置换术治疗的临床疗效。 方法2011年1月至2014年11月,对解放军兰州总医院收治18例(20髋)类风湿性关节炎的严重髋臼内陷患者进行随访观察,其中男6例,女12例;年龄37～68岁,平均(46±8)岁。纳入病例均类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷,髋臼内陷依Sotello-Garza和Charnley分型：Ⅰ型(内陷1～5 mm)0例,Ⅱ型(内陷6～15 mm)15例(17髋),Ⅲ型(内陷>15 mm)3例(3髋)。排除标准为先天性、创伤性或髋关节骨关节炎所继发的髋臼内陷。手术采用后外侧入路,股骨颈截骨后股骨头逆行取出,取自体松质颗粒骨打压植骨重建髋臼,采用压配方式植入生物型多孔髋臼假体。随访时采用Harris髋关节评分评估髋关节功能,X线平片观察假体是否有松动和再次内陷以及植骨愈合情况。对手术前、后髋关节功能、股骨头中心到Kohler线的距离等计量资料采用t检验分析。 结果手术时间为55～131 min,平均(89±8)min。失血量为165～480 ml,平均(295±11)ml。术中未发生血管、神经损伤以及髋臼和股骨劈裂骨折。随访时间2.5～6年,平均(4.5±1.7)年。术后X线片示4.5个月自体移植骨均与髋臼融合。末次随访的Harris髋关节评分由术前(55±9)分(40～65分)提高至(92±13)分(89～95分),差异有统计学意义(t ＝22.81,P <0.01)。股骨头中心到Kohler线的距离由置换前的(20± 4)mm增加到置换后的(21±3)mm,差异有统计学意义(t ＝2.312,P <0.01);随访期间均无髋臼假体松动发生。 结论类风湿性关节炎继发严重髋臼内陷的髋臼骨质菲薄且局部骨质疏松严重,髋臼形态不规则。采用自体股骨头颗粒骨移植填充髋臼结合生物型钽金属骨小梁髋臼杯假体,可恢复髋关节旋转中心并获得满意的近中期临床效果。