血管新生抑制剂TNP-470对鼠ACHN肾细胞癌增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 :探讨血管新生抑制剂TNP 4 70对ACHN肾细胞癌增殖与凋亡状态的影响。方法 :采用TNP 4 70 (4 0mg·kg-1·0 .2ml-1)皮下注射治疗ACHN肾细胞癌荷瘤裸鼠 ,观察肿瘤生长情况 ,进行细胞增殖与细胞凋亡的研究。结果 :TNP 4 70治疗组与对照组相比 ,ACHN肾癌生长明显减慢 ,肿瘤细胞凋亡指数明显增加 (P <0 .0 1) ,增殖指数无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。肿瘤体积与凋亡指数间存在负相关 (r =- 0 .85 4 0 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :TNP 4 70对ACHN肾癌有显著的抑制肿瘤生长作用 ,可能与肾癌细胞凋亡增加有关     

胰腺癌组织中细胞凋亡与增殖相关性的研究

目的　通过对胰腺癌组织中细胞凋亡与增殖相关性的研究 ,探讨其在胰腺癌发生发展中的作用。方法　采用原位末端标记、增殖细胞核抗原免疫组织化学染色和HE染色的方法对 32例胰腺癌和 14例慢性胰腺炎组织中细胞凋亡指数 (AI)、增殖指数 (PI)和分裂细胞指数 (MI)进行检测。结果　胰腺癌组织中的AI(3.37± 2 .38)、PI(46 .6 8± 2 .2 9)、MI(0 .31± 0 .12 )均明显高于慢性胰腺炎(0 .5 1± 0 .2 3、5 .0 8± 2 .82、0 .0 6± 0 .0 3,P <0 .0 0 1) ,癌组织的PI/AI(2 1.16± 17.44 )高于慢性胰腺炎(9 .6 0± 2 .15 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,癌组织中AI与PI呈负相关 ,随肿瘤进展 ,PI/AI值增大。结论　细胞增殖增多、细胞凋亡相对减少 ,共同促进胰腺癌的发生发展。     

肾细胞癌患者外周血淋巴细胞CD54的变化

目的探讨CD54在肾细胞癌外周血淋巴细胞中的表达及临床意义.方法应用流式细胞免疫学方法检测30例肾细胞癌外周血淋巴细胞中CD54的表达,并与肾良性病变组(20例)和正常对照组(20例)进行对照.结果肾细胞癌30例外周血淋巴细胞中CD54的表达均明显高于肾良性病变组和正常对照组(231±10218±7,231±10218±1;P＜0.01),肾良性病变组和正常对照组之间CD54的表达,差异无显著性(218±7218±1,P＞0.05).T3+T4期和T1+T2期之间CD54的表达比较,差异呈显著住(235±10226±9,P＜0.05).肾癌伴淋巴结转移CD54的表达均高于不伴淋巴结转移,差异呈显著性改变(236±10227±9,P＜0.05).肾癌不同组织类型的CD54的含量差异无显著性(231+1231±8,231+1226±1,231±8226±1;P＞0.05).结论肾细胞癌外周血淋巴细胞中CD54的检测对肾肿瘤性质鉴别、肾癌浸润转移和预后的估计有重要临床价值.     

Fibulin-1基因表达与肾细胞癌的关系研究

目的 检测肾细胞癌组织中Fibulin-1基因表达的改变,探讨其相关的临床意义.方法 选取2014年1月至2016年5月本院收治的肾细胞癌患者手术切除种癌组织83例,以及相应的癌旁正常非瘤肾脏组织.SYBR Green 荧光定量-PCR检测癌组织和非癌组织Fibulin-1基因表达量.结果 肾细胞癌肿瘤组织中Fibulin-1基因表达量为(0.176±0.028),显著低于对照非肿瘤肾组织的(0.384±0.052,P<0.01).肾细胞癌肿瘤组织中Fibulin-1基因表达量在不同性别、不同年龄和组织病理类型间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).有淋巴结转移肿瘤组织Fibulin-1基因表达量为(0.152±0.022),显著低于无淋巴结转移肿瘤组织(0.204±0.035,P<0.05).中、低分化肿瘤组织Fibulin-1基因表达量为(0.160±0.021),显著低于高分化肿瘤组织(0.207±0.036,P<0.05).Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肿瘤组织中的Fibulin-1基因表达量为(0.148±0.019),显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期肿瘤组织(0.199±0.034,P<0.05).结论 肾细胞癌患者fibulin-1基因表达下调,fibulin-1基因表达下调与肾细胞癌有无淋巴结转移、分化程度以及临床分期密切相关.     

热休克蛋白70 mRNA在膀胱癌中的表达及与细胞凋亡的关系

目的　探讨热休克蛋白 70 (HSP 70 )mRNA在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及与细胞凋亡的关系。　方法　应用原位杂交法对 6 0例膀胱癌组织中HSP 70mRNA进行检测 ,原位DNA末端标记法 (TUNEL)检测细胞凋亡情况。　结果　 6 0例标本中 ,HSP 70mRNA阳性表达率为 5 6 .7% (34/ 6 0 )。HSP 70mRNA表达随肿瘤分级增高而增加 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;G1,G2 和G3 各级间两两比较 ,HSP 70mRNA表达差异也有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。随着肿瘤分期增高 ,HSP 70mRNA表达随之增加 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;Ⅰ ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ各期间两两比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。肿瘤细胞凋亡指数 (AIs)随恶性程度的增高显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;HSP 70mRNA表达率和AIs呈负相关 (rs=- 0 .6 85 ,P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　HSP 70mRNA表达随膀胱癌恶性程度增加显著增高 ,细胞凋亡则显著降低 ,提示HSP 70表达能够抑制膀胱癌细胞的凋亡。     

肾细胞癌微血管密度与癌细胞转移的相关性

目的 探讨肾细胞癌（肾癌）微血管密度与癌细胞转移的相关，以寻找判断肾癌细胞转移的可靠指标。方法 用和八因子相关抗原（Ｆｓ因子）的单克隆抗体对３２例肾癌石蜡切片行免疫组织化学染色，计数２００倍视野内染色的微血管数（即微务管密度）。根据临床和术后病理检查是否存在癌细胞转移将患分为两组。结果 有癌细胞转移平均微血管密度为７６±，无癌细胞转移为４４±２０，两间有显性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ｌｏｇｉ     

p16基因修饰的小鼠肾癌细胞体内致瘤性观察

目的　探讨 p16基因修饰后小鼠肾癌细胞体内致瘤性的变化。　 方法　将携带 p16基因腺病毒体外转染的小鼠肾癌Renca细胞 ,p16基因修饰的肾癌细胞、野生型肾癌细胞及对照基因LacZ修饰的肾癌细胞分别接种于小鼠皮下 ,观察肿瘤生长情况及小鼠存活时间 ,每组 10只小鼠。　结果　经p16基因修饰的肾癌细胞在小鼠体内出现肿瘤的时间在Adp16基因实验组比野生型对照组及AdLacZ对照组晚 5天 ,且肿瘤生长缓慢 (P <0 0 5 )。小鼠存活时间 :野生型对照组为 (2 7.0±2 2 )d ,AdLacZ组为 (2 9.0± 2 .5 )d ,Adp16基因实验组为 (5 2 .0± 3 .4)d ,并有 3只小鼠长期存活。肿瘤局部 p16蛋白表达测定显示p16基因已转入肿瘤细胞 ,并在癌体内有效表达。　 结论　p16基因的导入能降低小鼠肾癌细胞的体内致瘤性 ,显著延长荷瘤小鼠的存活期。     

Von Hippel—Lindau病肾癌的临床特征分析

目的 探讨Von Hippel-Lindau（VHL）病肾癌的临床特点。方法回顾分析28例VHL病肾癌患者的临床资料。就初诊年龄、肿瘤部位、同时或异时癌、肿瘤的组织病理等与散发性肾癌进行比较。结果VHL肾癌初诊年龄44．6岁，双肾癌15例、多灶性肾癌16例、伴双侧多发肾囊肿20例。共切除87个实性肿瘤。术后病理：透明细胞癌86个，Fuhrman分级Ⅰ级73个、Ⅱ级12个、Ⅲ级1个；钙化结节1个。TNM分期ⅠA期、ⅠB期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期分别为8例、7例、8例和1例。与散发性肾癌组相比，VHL病肾癌组患者发病年龄早（P〈0．05），双肾多灶性肾癌及伴双侧多发肾囊肿比例高（P〈O．001），高级别肿瘤比例低（P〈O．05）。结论VHL病肾癌不同于散发性肾癌，有其独特的临床病理特征，这对该病诊断治疗具有一定指导价值。     

肾癌伴静脉癌栓外科治疗的疗效观察

目的探讨外科治疗肾癌伴静脉癌栓患者的预后。方法自1994年8月至2004年7月共33例患者行肾癌根治术及静脉癌栓取出术,其中男性26例、女性7例,中位年龄60岁(20~82岁)。肾静脉癌栓15例,下腔静脉癌栓Ⅰ级(肝下水平)9例、Ⅱ级(肝后水平)5例、Ⅲ级(肝上水平)1例、Ⅳ级(右心房水平)3例。采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行生存分析。结果29例患者得到随访,14例死亡,平均生存(16·4±2·9)个月(1~42个月),15例存活,平均随访(17·3±4·6)个月(3~67个月)。1例患者术后第2天死亡,3例失访。5年生存率为16%。肾静脉癌栓患者平均生存(49·9±9·8)个月,明显高于Ⅰ级下腔静脉癌栓患者的(16·7±1·9)个月(P<0·05)。结论肾癌根治性切除加癌栓取出术是治疗肾癌伴静脉癌栓的有效方法,肾静脉癌栓患者的预后好于腔静脉癌栓患者。     

肾嫌色细胞癌临床病理特征及预后分析

目的 分析肾嫌色细胞癌的临床病理特征及预后,提高对肾嫌色细胞癌的认识. 方法 对1998年2月至2009年7月行根治性肾切除术后病理诊断为嫌色细胞癌的75例患者资料进行回顾性研究.男42例,女33例.平均年龄56(25～74)岁.均为单发肿瘤,左肾36例,右肾39例.比较患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、分级、分期与预后的关系,Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析生存关系.结果 肿瘤平均直径7.3(2.5～17.0)cm,大体切面以灰黄、灰红色为主(50/75例),肿瘤细胞多为体积较大的多角形嫌色细胞和小圆形嗜酸细胞.T1N0M0 30例,T1N0M11例,T2N0M0 26例,T2N0M11例,T3N0M0 11例,T3N0M1 3例,T3N1M0 1例,T4N0M1 1例,T4N1M11例.依照Fuhrman分级系统,Ⅰ级3例,Ⅱ级24例,Ⅲ级46例,Ⅳ级2例.平均随访44(9～93)个月,死亡7例,其余均无瘤生存.3、5年生存率分别为93.3%和90.7%.单因素分析示肿瘤大小(P=0.028)、TNM分期(P=0.000)和肿瘤侵袭、预后有关;多因素分析显示,TNM分期可作为肾嫌色细胞癌独立的预后因素.结论 肾嫌色细胞癌是一种具有特殊形态的少见肾癌类型,多数瘤体较大,预后较好;细胞核分级较高,不适用Fuhrman分级系统;TNM分期可作为肾嫌色细胞癌预后的独立因素.     

Mantle cell lymphoma with plasma cell differentiation

The differentiation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells (PCs) is an antigen-mediated process that largely depends on the interaction between B cells and regulatory factors in their microenvironment. Long-lived PCs are derived from activated B cells in the germinal center (GC), whereas PC differentiation from naive B cells occurs in the extrafollicular areas and the PCs are short-lived. Consequently, lymphomas arising from post-GC B cells often exhibit plasmacytic differentiation, whereas lymphomas arising from naive B cells less commonly show plasmacytic differentiation. Herein, we report 2 cases of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) with clonal PC differentiation. Both cases presented with the typical cytologic features of MCL and were characterized by a nodular and mantle-zone growth pattern. Clusters of clonal PCs with monotypic kappa light chain expression were identified in the centers of the tumor nodules and within reactive GCs. FICTION (Fluorescence immunophenotyping and Interphase Cytogenetics as a Tool for the Investigation Of Neoplasms) analysis demonstrated the characteristic t(11;14)(q13;q32) in both the MCL cells and clonal PCs, indicating that both cell types were derived from the same B-cell clone. These findings indicate that the clonal PC differentiation may occur within GCs in some cases of MCL.     

Small cell squamous and mixed small cell squamous--small cell anaplastic carcinomas of the lung

Five patients are presented who had neoplasms which, by light microscopy and in two cases cytologically, appeared to be small cell anaplastic (polygonal and fusiform cell type) carcinomas of the lung. However, by electron microscopy, four of the carcinomas exhibited squamous characteristics including desmosomes and tonofilament bundles, and lacked demonstrable neurosecretory granules, suggesting that they were small cell squamous carcinomas. The fifth carcinoma contained cells with neurosecretory granules as well as cells demonstrating squamous differentiation. One patient died within 3 months of presentation. Three patients survived for approximately 18 months each; two received chemotherapy but one was treated by surgical resection alone. The fifth patient had a peripheral coin lesion which was treated by surgical resection only; he is alive without evidence of recurrent carcinoma 1 year after operation. We suggest that some carcinomas of the lung with the light-microscopic and cytologic appearance of small cell anaplastic carcinoma are actually small cell variants of squamous cell carcinoma and lack the characteristic neurosecretory granules of classic small cell carcinoma. The behavior of these tumors needs to be determined.     

Renal cell carcinoma with non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia

We report a case of an elderly gentleman with renal cell carcinoma presenting with the rare entity of non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH). Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia syndrome is caused by the tumor producing insulin-like growth factor II, causing hypoglycemia. The syndrome is most commonly associated with very large fibromas or fibrosarcomas.     

番茄红素抑制前列腺癌LnCaP细胞增殖

目的:探讨人体血清中番茄红素(1ycopene)水平与前列腺癌发病相关性.方法:将在加入0.5μmol/L,5 μmol/L,10μmol/L,15 μmol/L不同浓度番茄红素溶液的培养基中生长48 h后的LnCaP细胞,与在相对应浓度番茄红素溶剂-四氢叶酸酯中以及RPMI1640培养基中生长的各组细胞增殖率进行比较.观察体外培养条件下不同浓度番茄红素对前列腺癌LnCaP细胞系增殖的影响.结果:与在相对应浓度溶剂中生长的细胞相比,番茄红素溶液的培养基中生长的LnCaP细胞,细胞增殖分别减少了2.66%,4.29%,3.73%,13.66%(P＜0.05).与在RPMI培养基中生长的细胞相比,在加入5μmol/L,10μmol/L,15 μmol/L番茄红素溶液的培养基中生长的LnCaP细胞,细胞增殖分别减少了8.12%,6.33%,12.00%(P＜0.05).结论:番茄红素在体外培养条件下对前列腺癌LnCaP细胞的增殖有显著的抑制作用.     

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for renal cell carcinoma

Although the prognosis for patients with metastatic kidney cancer remains poor, a number of promising immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of metastatic disease have been developed over the past decade. The response of some patients to cytokines such as interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha, and more recently, vaccination with dendritic cell/tumor fusions has laid the ground work for ongoing immune-based investigational approaches. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a potent form of immunotherapy capable of delivering potentially curative immune-mediated anti-tumor effects against a number of different hematological malignancies. Knowledge of renal cell carcinoma's unusual susceptibility to immune attack has led to the hypothesis that tumor rejection, mediated through immunocompetent donor T-cells, might be generated against this solid tumor following the transplantation of an allogeneic immune system. Although clinical trials are early and ongoing, the recent observation of metastatic disease regression following non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation has identified renal cell carcinoma as being susceptible to a graft-versus-tumor effect. Disease responses following such therapy have ranged from partial to complete and have been observed even in patients who have failed conventional cytokine based strategies. This article reviews the design, methodology and early clinical results of studies investigating the use of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.     

胚胎干细胞分化为软骨细胞的研究现状与展望

胚胎干细胞具有多向分化潜能,在组织修复治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景.近年研究表明,胚胎干细胞在细胞因子、激素、微环境等作用下能够分化为软骨细胞.本文对近年来胚胎干细胞向软骨细胞定向分化中的各种因素进行综述.