Vaspin对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的保护作用及机制研究

目的 观察内脏脂肪组织特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（visceral adipose tissue derived serine protease inhibitor，Vaspin）对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的保护作用，并探讨潜在的机制。方法 30只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组（Sham）、去卵巢组（OVX）以及OVX+Vaspin治疗组，每组10只，OVX组及OVX+Vaspin治疗组均给予去卵巢手术构建绝经后骨质疏松模型，OVX+Vaspin组大鼠每天给予Vaspin 1 μg/kg腹腔注射治疗，Sham及OVX组给予等量生理盐水腹腔注射，干预12周后，检测血清1型胶原前N末端前肽(P1NP)、骨钙素(OCN)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)、1型胶原C末端肽(CTX)、白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)的水平；再分别进行骨病理组织学检查、生物力学分析、microCT检查，评价骨微观结构和骨强度，并通过qRT-PCR和Western blot检测Vaspin对骨组织中OPG及RANKL的mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果 Vaspin干预治疗12周后，与OVX组相比，OVX+Vaspin组大鼠的血清P1NP和OCN明显升高，血清TRAP、CTX及IL-1β、TNF-α明显降低(P<0.05)，骨强度和显微结构特征改善, 大鼠骨组织中OPG的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均上调，RANKL的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均下调。结论 Vaspin可能通过上调OPG的表达、下调RANKL的表达介导对OVX大鼠骨代谢的调节作用，改善骨微观结构和提高骨强度，从而发挥抗骨质疏松的作用。     

虾青素对去卵巢糖尿病大鼠骨质流失的防治作用

目的探讨虾青素能否防治去卵巢糖尿病大鼠的骨质流失以及可能的机制。方法 3月龄雌性SD大鼠分为3组(每组6只):对照组CON(假手术),模型组OVX/T1DM(去卵巢糖尿病大鼠),药物组OVX/T1DM-ASX(去卵巢糖尿病大鼠,给予虾青素100 mg/(kg·d)。结果连续治疗60 d后,与OVX/T1DM组相比,OVX/T1DM-ASX组骨密度(BMD)明显升高(P0.01),血清I型胶原蛋白(CTX-1)、骨钙素、I型前胶原蛋白n端前肽(PINP)、抗酒石酸磷酸酶5b(TRACP 5b)水平均显著升高(P0.01)。虾青素治疗能抑制去卵巢糖尿病大鼠骨组织形态学的改变,减少骨髓脂肪细胞增加,提高OPG/RANKL的比值。结论虾青素对绝经后糖尿病骨质流失有保护作用,这种作用与调控OPG/RANKL轴有关。     

二甲双胍对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的影响及机制研究

目的 以雌二醇为对照,观察二甲双胍(metformin, MF)对去卵巢大鼠骨密度及骨矿含量的影响,并从细胞、分子水平探究MF可能的骨保护机制。方法 将60只雌性SD大鼠随机均分4组：假手术（SHAM）组、去卵巢（OVX）组、去卵巢+二甲双胍（OVX+MF）组和去卵巢+雌二醇(OVX+E2 )组。分组灌胃给药60 d后测量大鼠右侧胫骨骨密度和骨矿含量;分离培养各组大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）并诱导其向成骨细胞分化,用MTT法测定细胞活性及增殖能力;测定各组碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性、矿化结节数目、钙含量以及I型胶原（collagen type I）、骨钙素（OC）、骨保护素 (OPG)、NFκB受体的配体 (RANKL)、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）基因表达水平。结果 与OVX组相比,OVX+MF组和OVX+E2组成骨细胞的增殖能力与ALP活性明显增强,骨密度、骨矿含量以及钙沉积量显著增加(P均<0.05),且两组collagen type I、OC、OPG mRNA的表达水平显著升高,而RANKL、IL-6mRNA表达明显受到抑制;但OVX+MF组去卵巢大鼠成骨细胞的增殖能力、ALP活性、钙沉积量、collagen type I、OC、OPG mRNA表达水平低于OVX+E2组,RANKL、IL-6mRNA表达高于OVX+E2组（P均<0.05）;与SHAM组比较,OVX+MF组的collagen type I、OC、OPG mRNA的表达水平更高（P<0.05）。结论 二甲双胍可能通过OPG/RANKL/RANK信号通路促进BMSCs向成骨细胞分化,有效逆转去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的状态,这种潜在的骨保护作用可能会改善糖尿病引起的骨质疏松。     

GYY4137对去卵巢诱导的骨质疏松大鼠的实验研究

目的探讨GYY4137对去卵巢诱导的骨质疏松大鼠的影响。方法将80只大鼠随机分为4组,采用雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢全切除术(OVX)或假手术(Sham),建立骨质疏松模型,通过骨密度的检测确认模型建立成功,随后OVX大鼠给予腹腔注射GYY4137和阿仑膦酸钠治疗。测定血浆硫化氢(H2S)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性、骨钙素(OCN)、降钙素、甲状旁腺激素和瘦素水平。采用双能X线骨密度仪测定左侧股骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)。采用股骨三点弯曲试验获得股骨骨折的最大应力。结果成功建立OVX骨质疏松模型。OVX-GYY组在观察期内注射GYY4137显著提高血浆H2S水平(P 0.05)。12周时OVX-GYY组大鼠股骨密度增加(P0.05),OVX组股骨BMD值明显降低(P0.05)。双侧卵巢切除可引起大鼠生化骨代谢和血浆激素水平的改变(P均0.05)。卵巢切除还可以降低血钙、血磷和降钙素,增加甲状旁腺激素和瘦素。阿仑膦酸钠组和GYY4137组则显著改善上述指标(P均0.05)。结论 GYY4137对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松有积极的治疗作用。     

辅酶Q10对去卵巢大鼠股骨显微结构及生物力学的影响

目的应用骨生物力学和micro-ct技术,探讨Co Q10对去卵巢大鼠的股骨显微结构及生物力学的影响。方法 48只3月龄SPF级SD雌性未孕大鼠,随机分为假手术组(Sham)、去卵巢模型组(OVX)、小麦胚芽油组(WGO)、WGO+辅酶Q10组(高、低剂量)、戊酸雌二醇组(EV),连续给药90d。实验结束后,取右侧股骨进行生物力学检测,然后进行Micro CT扫描及三维重建。结果与Sham组比较,OVX组大鼠股骨的微观参数:骨体积分数、骨小梁数量、骨小梁厚度和骨密度明显减少,骨小梁分离度和结构模型指数明显增高;而股骨的骨生物力学参数:最大载荷、断裂载荷及弹性载荷明显减少,刚度明显减少。与OVX组相比,EV组大鼠股骨的骨微观参数均得到了良好地修复,骨生物力学参数中最大载荷、断裂载荷、弹性载荷及刚度得到了明显修复。而小麦胚芽油+低剂量CoQ10组大鼠股骨的微观参数骨小梁数量、骨小梁分离度、结构模型指数及骨密度和骨体积分数则得到一定程度的修复。结论辅酶Q10(15 mg/kg)能够修复OVX大鼠股骨微观结构破坏,辅酶Q10(15 mg/kg)可以预防去卵巢手术导致大鼠股骨松质骨结构破坏和股骨生物力学性能的下降,其他剂量组对此无明显的预防作用。提示辅酶Q10的抗骨质疏松作用具有良好的研究前景。     

高脂饮食通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号介导对骨质疏松大鼠骨密度和骨修复的负面影响

目的 评估高脂饮食（HFD）对骨质疏松大鼠骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD)及骨修复的影响并探讨可能的机制。方法 将雌性SD大鼠随机分为三组：假手术卵巢切除组（Sham）、手术卵巢切除模型组（OVX）、手术卵巢切除模型+HFD（OVX+HFD）;随后所有大鼠在双侧去卵巢手术或假手术后12周基础上制作双侧股骨干建立骨缺损模型,OVX+HFD组大鼠在股骨上接受HFD干预4周。随后使用影像学、血清学、骨生物力学以及基因水平检测来评估骨修复效果。结果 与Sham组相比,OVX和OVX+HFD组的血清E2、ALP水平均显著降低( P<0.05),而TRAP水平均显著升高(P<0.05);OVX和OVX+HFD组之间有显著差异(P<0.05)。Micro-CT检测显示OVX+HFD组骨修复效果较OVX和Sham组明显降低;定量检测结果显示OVX+HFD组的BMD、Tb.N和Tb.Th显著小于OVX组(P<0.01),而Tb.Sp(P<0.05)在OVX+HFD组中明显大于在OVX组。生物力学显示HFD干预后明显降低了去卵巢大鼠骨缺损部位的机械强度,包括大鼠股骨的极限载荷、刚度、能量吸收和弹性模量(P均<0.05);基因检测表明与OVX组相比,OVX + HFD组Smad2、Smad3和GSK-3βmRNA表达显著增加(P<0.01),而Wnt1和β-cateninmRNA表达均显著降低(P<0.01)。结论 HFD对骨质疏松状态下骨缺损愈合有负面影响,而这种影响可能是通过对Wnt/β-catenin信号传导抑制来实现的。     

骨疏康颗粒对去卵巢小鼠体重、血清骨代谢指标和组织形态学的影响

目的通过检测骨疏康颗粒(GSK)对去卵巢(OVX)小鼠的体重、血清骨代谢指标和组织形态学的作用,进一步阐述GSK延缓OVX小鼠骨量丢失的药理学作用。方法 3月龄雌性C57BL/6 J小鼠去卵巢造模后,一周内给予GSK灌胃3个月:低[2 g/(kg·d)]、中[4 g/(kg·d)]、高[8 g/(kg·d)]。干预期间,分别在1、2、3月内,称量各组小鼠体重。实验结束后,采集各组小鼠血液检测骨吸收β胶原降解产物(β-CTX)的水平和骨生成指标:I型前胶原氨基端肽(PINP)、血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨钙素(OCN)的水平;同时,阿尔新蓝染色观察腰椎骨量变化。结果 GSK干预1、2、3个月后,小鼠体重未见明显的变化。GSK干预3月后小鼠血清中β-CTX的表达水平下降;骨生成指标PINP、ALP和OCN水平升高。GSK干预后OVX小鼠腰椎的骨量增加、腰椎结构相关参数优化。结论 GSK同时调控OVX小鼠的骨吸收和骨生成指标的表达,延缓OVX诱导的骨量丢失,提高OVX小鼠的骨量。     

不同治疗时间脉冲电磁场对去势大鼠股骨骨密度的影响

目的 通过采用不同治疗时间脉冲电磁场(pulsed electromagnetic fields, PEMFs)干预去势大鼠骨质疏松模型,观察大鼠股骨骨密度变化,探索PEMFs治疗骨质疏松症的最佳治疗时间.方法 将50只雌性3月龄SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、卵巢切除(ovariectomy, OVX)对照组、OVX后不同时间治疗组(OVX Ⅰ组、OVX Ⅱ组及OVX Ⅲ组),每组10只.假手术组大鼠仅切除卵巢周围部分脂肪组织,不切除卵巢;余各组大鼠均切除双侧卵巢,制备去势大鼠骨质疏松模型.OVX Ⅰ组、OVX Ⅱ组和OVX Ⅲ组大鼠每天分别用强度3.8×10-10A/m、频率8Hz干预20、40及60min,共30d;假手术组和OVX对照组不干预.观察各组大鼠一般情况,并于干预结束后次日处死大鼠,作左侧股骨骨密度测定.结果 术后OVX对照组大鼠毛发逐渐稀疏,活动迟缓,精神萎靡不振,反应较为迟钝;其余4组大鼠毛发光洁,精神及活动正常.假手术组、OVX对照组、OVX Ⅰ组、OVX Ⅱ组及OVX Ⅲ组股骨骨密度分别为(0.226±0.011)、(0.210±0.011)、(0.231±0.013)、(0.231±0.017)及(0.229±0.013)g/cm2,OVX对照组骨密度低于其他组(P<0.05),假手术组、OVX Ⅰ组、OVX Ⅱ组及OVX Ⅲ组组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 每日采用PEMFs对去势大鼠治疗20～60min能阻止其骨密度下降,接近正常水平,对骨质疏松症有良好的预防作用,且3种治疗时间对骨密度的维持效果相同.     

番茄红素联合跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松模型的影响

目的通过观察番茄红素和跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠骨代谢指标的影响,探究番茄红素联合运动对去势大鼠骨代谢的作用机制。方法 6月龄雌性Wistar大鼠,按体质量随机分为6组:假手术组(Sham组)、去卵巢组(OVX组)、去卵巢+运动组(OVX+E组)、去卵巢+番茄红素组(OVX+L组)、去卵巢+运动+番茄红素组(OVX+E+L组)、去卵巢+阿伦磷酸钠组(OVX+AL组)。在12周后取材进行相关指标测试。结果 (1)单纯性的跑台运动能降低去势大鼠脂肪量,提高骨小梁数目的同时提高骨形成标志物骨钙素(osteocalcin,OC)水平,促进骨形成。(2)单纯性的番茄红素疗法能提高去势大鼠的子宫重量、血清甲状腺激素水平,提高相对骨体积、骨小梁厚度和骨内膜骨形成率,增强骨密度的同时降低骨代谢标志物Ⅰ型胶原氨基末端交联肽(NTx)水平,抑制骨吸收。(3)运动和药物交互作用能降低去势大鼠的脂肪百分比,提高血清雌二醇水平,降低尿8-OHd G和尿脱氧吡啶酚(DPD)水平。改善去势大鼠骨小梁结构参数,提高骨外膜骨形成率、骨强度和抗性变能力,改善全身骨密度。结论 (1)适度的跑台运动可以防止去势大鼠骨丢失,改善去势大鼠骨健康。(2)12周的番茄红素对去势大鼠骨代谢的治疗作用与阿仑膦酸钠效果类似,提高骨强度,降低体内氧化还原反应、加强抗氧化系统功能,维持骨代谢平衡。(3)番茄红素和运动表现出良好的协同作用,对去势大鼠骨重建具有积极的作用。     

柚皮苷通过HIF-1α/VEGF信号促进H型血管抗骨质疏松的研究

目的 观察柚皮苷对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨组织HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路和H型血管形成的影响,探讨柚皮苷防治骨质疏松症的作用机制。方法 建立去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠模型（随机将36只大鼠分为去卵巢组、假手术组和柚皮苷治疗组）。柚皮苷治疗３个月后,检测血清和骨髓上清骨代谢指标和HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路变化,检测骨密度(bone mineral density, BMD)、骨微结构及H型血管变化。结果 柚皮苷治疗组大鼠血清中成骨代谢指标[骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、骨钙素(BGP)、I型原胶原分子N 端前肽(PINP)]升高;而骨吸收标志物血清C端交联肽（CTX）降低;HIF-1α在血清和骨髓上清中表达均升高;VEGF在骨髓上清中表达升高,而血清中无明显改变;BMD和Micro-CT结果显示柚皮苷治疗组大鼠骨密度和骨量增加;同时股骨近端H型血管表达升高。结论 柚皮苷可以调节骨代谢,改善骨质疏松大鼠骨密度,发挥抗骨质疏松作用,其作用机制可能是通过调节HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路、促进H型血管形成来实现的。     

Impaired bone healing pattern in mice with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis: A drill-hole defect model

ObjectiveTo establish a drill-hole defect model in osteoporotic mouse femur by comparing temporal cortical bone healing pattern between OVX-induced osteoporotic bone and sham-operated bone.Methods3-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into an ovariectomy group (OVX) and a sham-operated group (Sham). At 6 weeks post-surgery, 7 mice from each group were sacrificed to examine the distal femur and femoral shaft by both micro-CT and mechanical testing for confirming established osteoporosis induced by OVX. In the remaining mice, a cortical bone defect 0.8 mm in diameter was created on the mid-diaphysis of the right femur. The local repair process at days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 after creation of the drill-hole was in vivo monitored by high-resolution micro-CT scanning. At each time point, each animal was scanned four times and was removed from the scanner between scans to determine reproducibility. Mice were sacrificed at each time point (n = 12 at days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14; n = 20 at day 21). Before sacrifice, sera were collected to examine expression of bone formation marker P1NP (procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide) and bone resorption marker CTX (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen). After sacrifice, callus samples were collected and subjected to the following analyses: micro-CT-based angiography; histological examination; immunohistochemical staining to determine estrogen receptor expression; quantitative real-time PCR analysis of collagen type I, collagen type II, collagen type X, osteocalcin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) gene expression; and three-point mechanical testing.ResultsAt 6 weeks post-surgery, OVX mice had significantly lower bone mass, impaired bone micro architecture and compromised mechanical properties compared to the Sham mice. In vivo micro-CT analysis revealed that the bone volume fraction in the defect region was significantly lower in the OVX group from day 10 to day 21 post-injury as compared to the Sham group, and was significantly lower in the intra-medulla region in the OVX group from day 7 to day 14 as compared to the Sham group, consistent with the histological data. Analysis of bone biochemical markers indicated that circulating P1NP levels normalized by baseline in the OVX mice were significantly lower than in the Sham mice from day 7 to day 10, and that temporal expression of circulating CTX levels normalized by baseline was also lower in the OVX mice as compared to the Sham mice. These results were consistent with quantitative real-time PCR analysis. ER alpha mRNA expression was significantly lower in the OVX mice, whereas ER beta mRNA expression was significantly higher in the OVX mice as compared to the Sham mice at all time points examined, consistent with immunohistochemical staining. The restoration of femoral mechanical property, determined based on ultimate load and energy-to-failure, was significantly lower in the OVX mice than in the Sham mice. In addition, in vivo micro-CT scanning for quantifying new bone formation in the defect site was highly reproducible in this model.ConclusionThe bone healing of the drill-hole defect was impaired in mice with OVX-induced osteoporosis. The present study provides a model to investigate the functional role of specific gene in osteoporotic bone healing and may facilitate development of novel therapeutic strategies for promoting osteoporotic bone healing.     

Short-Term Changes in Serum PINP Predict Long-Term Changes in Trabecular Bone in the Rat Ovariectomy Model

Serum procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) is a sensitive bone formation marker in humans. We have developed a nonradioactive immunoassay for rat PINP and studied PINP as a bone formation marker in the rat ovariectomy (OVX) model. Two OVX studies were performed with 3-month-old rats, both including measurement of PINP, C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and N-terminal mid-fragment of osteocalcin. A pilot 14-day study contained a sham-operated control group and an OVX group, and an extensive 8-week study contained a sham-operated control group and OVX groups receiving vehicle and 17β-estradiol (E₂, 10 μg/kg/day s.c.). The bone markers were measured before the operation and at days 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 in the pilot study and before the operations and at 2 and 8 weeks in the extensive study. Trabecular bone parameters were determined by peripheral quantitative computed tomography and histomorphometry from tibial metaphysis in the extensive study. The rat PINP immunoassay had the following characteristics: intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) 2.8%, interassay CV 7.5%, dilution linearity 95%, and recovery 107%. PINP increased significantly during the first 2 weeks after OVX and returned to sham level at 8 weeks. E₂ prevented the increase caused by OVX. Changes in PINP at 2 weeks correlated strongly with changes in CTX and osteocalcin at 2 weeks and with trabecular bone parameters at 8 weeks. As a conclusion, short-term changes in PINP predict long-term changes in trabecular bone parameters, suggesting that PINP is a reliable marker of bone formation in the rat OVX model.     

Relationship among bone mineral density, collagen composition, and biomechanical properties of callus in the healing of osteoporotic fracture

Objective： To study the change and relationship among bone mineral density （BMD）, collagen composition and biomechanical properties of the callus in the healing process of osteoporotic fracture. Methods： The osteoporotic rat model and fracture model were established through bilateral ovariectomy （OV＇X） and osteotomy of the middle shaft of the right hind tibiae, respectively. Ninety female SD rats were randomly divided into OVX group and sham group. With the samples of blood and callus, roentgenoraphic and histological observation were performed for the assessment of the healing progress of the fracture, and the serum concentration of TRAP-5b, proportion of type I collagen, BMD and biomechanical properties of the callus were measured. Results： The OVX group experienced a significant delay of fracture healing. The mean serum concentration of TRAP-5b of rats in the OVX group was much higher than that in the sham group after the operation （P 〈 0.05）, but the difference at the same time point after fracture was smaller than that before fracture （P 〈 0.05）. The BMD of the callus in both groups reached the peak value at the 6 th week after fracture while the proportion of the type I collagen and the biomechanical strength reached the peak at the 8th week. Conclusions. The deficiency of estrogen after the ovariectomy could induce the up-regulation of the osteoclasts activities, whereas the potency of further activation after fracture was depressed. Although the synthesis of collagen together with its mineralization determines the biomechanical properties of new bone, the accumulation of collagen could be assessed as an index in the prediction of biomechanical strength of bones independent of the bone mineral deposition.     

Increased cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase expression in bone of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on bone metabolism was evaluated using the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat 1 week after the induction of diabetes. The urinary excretion of cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) in diabetic rats increased to 3.6-fold and 1.2-fold the control level, respectively. The amount of hydroxyproline and calcium in the distal femur of diabetic rats significantly decreased to 76% and 90% of the control, respectively. The levels of serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the distal femur of the diabetic rats were significantly reduced to about 40% and 70% of the control levels, respectively. The decrease in the expression osteocalcin was observed in distal femur of the diabetic rats, although the level of ALP mRNA was unchanged. The activity and the mRNA level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) increased to 1.5- and 2.3-fold the control level, respectively, in distal femur of the diabetic rats. The activity, protein, and mRNA levels of cathepsin K of diabetic rats also elevated to about 2-, 2.3-, and 2-fold the control levels, respectively. These results suggest that IDDM contributes to bone loss through changes in gene expression of TRAP and cathepsin K in osteoclasts as well as osteocalcin in osteoblasts resulting in increased bone resorptive activity and decreased bone formation.     

绝经后骨质疏松小鼠模型肝脏铁调素表达增加

目的 观察去卵巢小鼠铁代谢及铁调素表达量的改变,探讨铁代谢紊乱在绝经后骨质疏松中的作用机制。方法 16w龄雌性C57BL/6小鼠分为双侧去卵巢手术（OVX组）和假手术（SHAM组）两组,6w后处死,取血清、子宫、肝脏、脾脏、股骨等组织。检测股骨生物力学指标、血清骨代谢标志物、血清铁及肝脾铁的水平,肝脏铁调素的表达采用PCR技术进行检测。结果 与SHAM组相比,OVX组股骨最大弯曲应力及弹性模量降低,血清骨钙素降低,1型胶原C端肽升高,同时,血清铁降低,肝脾铁含量升高,肝脏铁调素表达升高。结论 雌激素不足增加铁调素的表达,导致组织内铁过载,与绝经后骨质疏松的发生发展有密切联系。     

白茅苷对去卵巢大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞功能和骨量的影响

目的观察白茅苷治疗去卵巢大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞功能和骨量的影响并初步探索可能机制。方法通过双侧去卵巢建立骨质疏松大鼠模型;随后随机分为假手术组(Sham)、去卵巢组(OVX)以及白茅苷组(BMG),每组10只;其中BMG组去卵巢大鼠每天给予白茅苷(20 mg/kg)灌胃治疗;待12周治疗结束后分离培养各组大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs),使用碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和茜素红(ARS)染色并使用蛋白质印迹检测BMP-2、Runx2、OPN、OCN、ALP和Col1蛋白表达;进一步使用Micro-CT和骨生物力学检测观察治疗效果。结果 OVX组大鼠BMSCs向成骨细胞分化后ALP和ARS染色阳性面积以及BMP-2、Runx2、OPN、OCN、ALP和Col1表达较Sham组明显降低(P0.05);而经过BMG治疗,BMG组大鼠BMSCs向成骨细胞分化后ALP和ARS染色阳性面积以及BMP-2、Runx2、OPN、OCN、ALP和Col1表达较OVX组明显增加(P0.05)。OVX组股骨最大载荷和弹性模量、BMD、BV/TV、Tb.N和Tb.Th较Sham组明显降低,而Tb.Sp则明显升高(P0.05)。BMG组左侧股骨最大载荷和弹性模量、BMD、BV/TV、Tb.N和Tb.Th均明显高于OVX组(P0.05),而Tb.Sp明显低于OVX组(P0.05)。结论白茅苷通过促进BMSCs诱导成骨分化来减少去卵巢大鼠骨骨密度、骨量和骨强度下降。