Orem自护模式对脑卒中病人护理结局的影响

[目的]探讨Orem自护模式对脑卒中病人护理结局的影响。[方法]采用自身前后对照,对2014年6月—2015年6月120例脑卒中病人进行自理能力的评估,分别给予完全补偿系统、部分补偿系统、支持—教育系统的护理模式,参考《护理结局分类》选取自理状态、焦虑水平、关节活动、脑卒中预防与管理知识4个护理结局作为评价指标。[结果]脑卒中病人在采用Orem自护模式后自理状态、关节活动能力和脑卒中预防管理知识均有所提高,焦虑水平有所下降,自身前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]Orem自护模式可提高脑卒中病人自理能力,有利于恢复肢体功能,降低病人焦虑情绪,从而能够改善病人的生活质量。     

图文式临床护理路径在脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人中的应用

[目的]观察图文式临床护理路径在脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人中的应用效果。[方法]将124例脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人随机分为对照组和观察组各62例,对照组病人接受常规吞咽功能障碍康复护理,观察组病人按图文式临床护理路径表进行吞咽障碍训练,对两组病人吞咽功能改善情况、并发症发生率、护理满意度情况进行比较。[结果]观察组吞咽障碍改善总有效率高于对照、并发症发生率低于对照组、护理满意度评分高于对照组,经比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]采用图文式临床护理路径对脑卒中病人进行护理,可促进病人吞咽功能的恢复,减少并发症的发生。     

临床护理路径在脑卒中恢复期假性延髓性麻痹病人中的应用研究

[目的]探讨临床护理路径在脑卒中恢复期假性延髓性麻痹病人中的应用效果。[方法]将60例病人随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用现行治疗护理模式,观察组采用临床护理路径模式治疗护理,在病人入院、出院时分别对两组病人进行吞咽及语言功能评分。[结果]观察组病人吞咽、语言功能改善明显高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]在脑卒中恢复期假性延髓性麻痹病人中实施临床护理路径模式,可以缩短病人住院日,提高临床疗效。     

50例脑卒中后吞咽困难病人的康复护理

[目的]观察康复护理对脑卒中后吞咽困难病人吞咽功能的影响。[方法]50例脑卒中后吞咽困难病人给予吞咽功能康复训练,即基础训练和摄食训练,4周后观察病人吞咽功能的改善情况。[结果]50例病人中痊愈19例,显效16例,有效10例,无效5例,总有效率为90%。[结论]康复护理有助于脑卒中后吞咽困难病人吞咽功能的恢复。     

吞咽康复护理对脑卒中病人吞咽功能的影响

[目的]探讨吞咽康复护理方法对脑卒中后吞咽障碍病人的作用。[方法]选择脑卒中病人270例,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规药物治疗及常规护理,观察组采用常规药物治疗及吞咽康复护理。两组病人治疗前后均进行洼田饮水试验评估。[结果]观察组治疗有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]吞咽康复护理方法能有效提高脑卒中后伴吞咽障碍病人的吞咽功能。     

50例脑卒中后吞咽困难病人的康复护理

[目的]观察康复护理对脑卒中后吞咽困难病人吞咽功能的影响。[方法]50例脑卒中后吞咽困难病人给予吞咽功能康复训练,即基础训练和摄食训练,4周后观察病人吞咽功能的改善情况。[结果]50例病人中痊愈19例,显效16例,有效10例,无效5例,总有效率为90%。[结论]康复护理有助于脑卒中后吞咽困难病人吞咽功能的恢复。     

急性缺血性脑卒中病人延误就医原因的质性研究

[目的]探讨影响急性缺血性脑卒中病人及时就医的原因,旨在为建立减少病人延误就医的干预策略提供依据。[方法]本研究主要采用质性研究方法,通过立意抽样法选取20例急性缺血性脑卒中病人,采用深度访谈法收集资料,Clolaizzi法分析资料并形成主题,采用奥马哈护理问题分类法归纳主题。[结果]运用类属分析法,归纳出影响急性缺血性脑卒中病人就医决策的领域主题:心理社会、健康相关行为、环境。[结论]为减少急性缺血性脑卒中病人延误就医的发生,应在心理社会、健康相关行为、环境这一系统框架的指导下,提出针对性的干预策略。     

Friedman家庭评估模式在脑卒中吞咽障碍病人康复护理中的应用效果

[目的]观察Friedman家庭评估模式应用于脑卒中吞咽障碍病人康复护理中的效果。[方法]随机将脑卒中吞咽障碍病人89例分为对照组（44例）和观察组（45例）,对照组病人接受常规康复护理,观察组在对照组的基础上接受Friedman家庭评估模式康复护理,干预3个月后比较两组病人的干预效果。[结果]干预后观察组、对照组总有效率分别为86.67%和47.73%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。[结论]Friedman家庭评估模式可改善脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人的吞咽功能,保证营养的摄入,促进病人康复。     

Friedman 家庭评估模式在脑卒中吞咽障碍病人康复护理中的应用效果

[目的]观察 Friedman 家庭评估模式应用于脑卒中吞咽障碍病人康复护理中的效果。[方法]随机将脑卒中吞咽障碍病人89例分为对照组(44例)和观察组(45例),对照组病人接受常规康复护理,观察组在对照组的基础上接受 Friedman 家庭评估模式康复护理,干预3个月后比较两组病人的干预效果。[结果]干预后观察组、对照组总有效率分别为86.67%和47.73%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。[结论] Friedman 家庭评估模式可改善脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人的吞咽功能,保证营养的摄入,促进病人康复。     

脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人的护理干预效果评价

[目的]观察脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人的护理干预效果.[方法]对40例脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人进行护理干预,观察护理干预前后病人吞咽功能情况、营养状况及并发症发生情况.[结果]护理干预后病人吞咽功能明显提高(P＜0.05);干预前后,经口或经胃管进食病人营养状况及并发症发生情况比较差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).[结论]护理干预可改善脑卒中吞咽功能障碍病人的吞咽功能,提高病人生活质量.     

Research and the configuration of nursing services

• ? This paper is concerned with the way in which nursing research has influenced changes in the organization of nursing services, particularly the shift from so-called traditional nursing to new nursing. To this end published research and professional literature are selectively reviewed.
• ? The case is made to support the view that change in nursing has been driven forward by the evangelical zeal of opinion leaders rather than evidence.
• ? It is suggested that holistic care as embodied in new nursing is no longer affordable. Market pressures have precipitated a revisiting of the task basis of nursing. An effective anchor would have been a solid body of research evidence pointing up the value new nursing may have. Regrettably not enough research was done prior to the diffusion of new nursing. What was done was not always adequate, and what was adequate was not effectively deployed by nurse leaders.
• ? Nursing is the largest workforce in the NHS and has attracted a great deal of policy interest. It is suggested that it will become increasingly important for nursing to be more strategic, and develop its own professionally driven research agenda.
• ? The future of the nursing profession is uncertain. It is clear that evidence-based practice is centre stage, and there is a need for nursing to re-negotiate its professional boundaries and to develop intellectual partnerships in order to move the knowledge base of practice forward.

     

提升护理服务综合价值的研究

目的:研究护理综合价值的提升。方法:分析护理价值研究背景,阐述护理价值研究进展结果:提出护理价值研究途径。结论:有利于达成一种共识,使广大护理人员认识护理价值、研究护理价值、开发护理价值,重视护理综合价值研究和提升。 护理服务价值是护理服务劳动产品的价值和服务本身所创造的价值的总和,即使用价值与价值的统一。目前日本、美国、德国和中国都在加强护理价值研究的探索,但仍存在使用价值与价值研究分离问题。因此,我们应不断加强护理综合价值研究,以适应卫生事业改革对护理管理的挑战。本研究主要在分析国内外护理价值研究的基础上,提出综合护理价值研究途径,以达到合理评价护理价值的目的。     

基层医院整体护理的实施与对策

目的:总结实施整体护理的经验,提高护理质量。方法:全面综合分析实施整体护理的对策和措施。结果:经验:领导的高度重视和大力支持,是实现整体护理模式转变的坚实基础;提高人员整体素质,确保整体护理的有效开展;多做少写,以点带面,实行非模式病房开展整体护理工作;积极开展健康教育,巩固整体护理效果;实施整体护理质量管理的措施。体会:领导的重视和支持,是开展整体护理工作的根本保证;提高了社会公众对护理工作的认可程度和护士的社会地位;显示了护士的自身价值;改善了护患关系,提高了病人满意度,同时也密切了医护关系;护理队伍整体素质提高,敬业精神增强。结论:实施整体护理,促进了护理学科的发展。     

Towards an aesthetics of nursing

Towards an aesthetics of nursing This paper re-appraises the work of Barbara Carper on aesthetics and the art of nursing. It identifies serious flaws in Carper's original arguments and the way in which she and subsequent authors have conflated the concepts of art and aesthetics in nursing. The paper explores a broader approach to aesthetics and proposes a way in which a theoretical approach to nursing aesthetics could be developed. The paper concludes that nursing is a fit object of aesthetic appreciation and that aesthetic quality is a necessary attribute of good nursing practice.     

Putting policy into practice: pre- and posttests of implementing standardized languages for nursing documentation

Aims and objectives. To describe the change in documentation of the nursing process in all inpatient wards in a 900‐bed university hospital. Major research question was what are the differences between before and after implementation of documentation policy related to the steps of the nursing process? Background. Implementation of standardized languages has been shown to be difficult to accomplish in clinical practice. Patients are the source of data and their conditions, responses and well‐being should be reflected in the nursing record. As such, nursing documentation can create the premises for the development of new knowledge in nursing and the improvement of nursing performance and can provide data and information necessary for nursing researchers to evaluate the quality of interventions and participate in the formulation of healthcare policy. This study is part of longitudinal project to prepare nurses for electronic documentation within the interdisciplinary health record and to improve documentation of nursing using standardized languages. Design and method. A cross‐sectional study design was used: a pretest (n = 355 nursing records) for baseline status of nursing documentation, an intervention and a post‐test (n = 349 nursing records) to obtain data on nursing documentation. The year‐long intervention comprised planned work in groups, and educational and supporting efforts. Results. A statistically significant improvement was found in the use of Functional Health Patterns for documentation of nursing assessment, NANDA for nursing diagnoses and Nursing Interventions Classification for nursing interventions in documentation of daily nursing care for inpatients. Conclusion. At all organizational levels intervention aimed at putting policy regarding documentation into clinical practice considerably improved daily use of standardized nursing languages. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses need to use standardized language to document patient care data in the electronic health record and to demonstrate contributions to nursing care.     

临床护理成本与效益分析

笔者根据临床护理服务价格偏离成本的事实,提出关注护理成本,改革现行的医疗护理服务收费制度和医疗费用结构比,提升护士的劳务价值,以期深入发展护理经济研究形成系统的护理成本核算体系,以低成本、高效益的优质护理服务来赢得市场。     

我院专科护理门诊的实施与体会

目的探讨专科护理门诊的实施方法与体会。方法确定专科项目及服务内容、选拔护理门诊人员并明确工作职责、设置合理的诊室、制订相关制度,规范就诊流程,建立门诊护理日志,拓展服务功能。结果开设专科护理门诊以来,已接待门诊患者27000余人次,得到了患者、家属、医生及护士的认可。护理门诊就诊综合满意率为96．54％。结论开设专科护理门诊有利于提高护理专业地位,满足不同患者的健康需求,促进专科护士成长。     

Towards an international theory of nursing

Abstract During the latter half of the 20th century, the development of numerous nursing theories has enriched nursing scholarship and education worldwide, a movement initially led by North American scholars. Recently, nurses outside of North America have begun to reformulate these theories in order to make them relevant in other contexts. This study summarizes those movements in developing an international theory of nursing and suggests future directions for such a theory.     

适应时代发展要求 丰富护理服务内涵

做好护理服务,提高护理质量,丰富护理服务的内涵,是时代的要求。分析新形势下病人的需求,以做好基础服务、理想服务、感动服务为切入点,提出具体的做法和观点,探讨做好这些服务对丰富护理服务的内涵,提高护理质量的意义。     

我院护理差错分析及对策

为了加强对护理安全的管理,对6年中发生的33起护理差错及与护理管理有关的主要因素进行分析,认为差错主要发生在护士,其中合同护士发生率较高;与护理管理相关的主要因素有:规章制度不健全占27.3%;业务知识欠缺占36.3%;与临床教学有关、未严格执行查对制度各占18.2%。通过建立健全各项护理规章制度,加强岗前护理安全教育、护士的规范化培训、对临床教学以及对合同护士的管理等综合措施,有力地保证了护理安全。