对社区2型糖尿病患者实施健康教育的需求与措施

目的了解某社区2型糖尿病患者对社区健康教育的需求与方式。方法对社区2型糖尿病患者实施以饮食控制为主的健康教育。结果干预组健康教育后，对糖尿病相关知识了解高于对照组。干预组健康教育后，食物摄入更合理，参加运动的人也多于对照组。结论对社区糖尿病患者进行健康教育是切实可行的。     

2型糖尿病病人的社区个体化护理干预效果评价

[目的]评价2型糖尿病病人的社区个体化护理干预效果,探讨有效的社区护理模式。[方法]对106例2型糖尿病病人进行社区个体化护理干预,包括饮食指导、运动指导、并发症的预防、药物指导等。[结果]个体化社区护理干预后2型糖尿病病人饮食、运动、相关指标(空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、体重指数、收缩压)均得到改善,病人对糖尿病知识的知晓情况明显提高。[结论]对2型糖尿病病人实施社区个体化护理干预,可控制病情、提高病人对糖尿病知识的知晓情况。     

社区护理干预对糖尿病患者治疗依从性的影响

目的：探讨社区护理干预对2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性的影响。方法：将100例门诊治疗的2型糖尿病患者随机分为常规组（52例）和干预组（48例），两组均予以基础治疗，干预组在此基础上实施以社区健康教育为基础，饮食、运动、心理护理为干预重点的社区护理干预。结果：1年后社区护理干预组患者在治疗依从性、控制饮食、规律运动和治疗效果等方面显著优于常规组（均P〈0．01）。结论：对2型糖尿病患者实施社区护理干预是提高疗效及改善患者生活质量的一种行之有效的方法。     

不同干预模式在2型糖尿病健康教育中的应用

综述目前国内外2型糖尿病健康教育中常见的8种干预模式应用现状。指出2型糖尿病病人健康教育干预模式的种类较多,与传统教育模式比较,这些干预模式均能发挥积极作用,各有侧重点。今后应采用多种模式相结合的形式,充分发挥社区医疗优势,积极构建网络干预模式。     

社区干预模式在2型糖尿病患者中的作用

目的探讨2型糖尿病(diabetes mellitu,DM)患者应用社区干预模式的效果,为糖尿病患者的社区护理提供参考。方法将2型糖尿病患者随机分为对照组和研究组各50例,所有病例均维持原2型糖尿病治疗方案,研究组在此基础上实施为期10个月的社区干预模式(包括成立社区2型糖尿病健康俱乐部、制作并发放宣传材料、定期开展糖尿病讲座、开展知识有奖竞赛、组织收看糖尿病相关录像、定期上门进行心理辅导、定期举办联谊会、进行电话随访等)。结果干预后,研究组的知识评分及社区管理各项评分与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组在社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度方面,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组糖尿病患者的血清胰岛素抵抗指数均低于干预前(P<0.05),研究组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采取社区干预模式能有效提高糖尿病人群的健康知识、态度和行为水平,增强患者的自我管理技能,提高社区糖尿病患者的整体健康水平。     

2型糖尿病患者的护理干预

目的:探讨社区护理在糖尿病患者中的意义。方法:从心理、饮食、运动、药物、健康教育五方面对62例2型糖尿病患者进行社区护理干预。结果:62例2型糖尿病患者空腹血糖均有明显下降。结论:社区护理干预对2型糖尿病患者的病情控制有很大帮助。     

医联体联动模式下的糖尿病健康教育对社区糖尿病患者管理的效果分析

目的探讨医联体联动模式下的糖尿病健康教育对社区糖尿病患者的治疗及控制效果。方法选择北京市某社区20~65岁的2型糖尿病患者100例作为研究对象。采取医联体联动模式下的社区糖尿病管理方式对研究对象进行为期1年的跟踪管理,对患者进行相关健康知识教育、用药指导及监测血压等综合措施进行干预,观察管理1年前后患者血压、体质量、腰围、足背动脉搏动情况、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、生化全项、眼底、周围神经检查、尿微量清蛋白的变化情况。统计分析医联体联动模式下的社区糖尿病管理模式的有效性。结果干预后的患者血糖、血脂各项指标均明显优于干预前,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后患者健康教育知晓率明显优于干预前,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论医联体联动模式为社区糖尿病的防治工作提供一个新的思路和方向,为慢病防治工作提供新的循证医学证据,进而促进糖尿病的有效社区管理,改善糖尿病保健、预防和延缓糖尿病并发症的发生,提高糖尿病患者的生活质量。     

“社区护士-患者-志愿者”一体化护理模式在2型糖尿病患者中的应用

目的:研究对2型糖尿病患者出院后提供"社区护士-患者-志愿者"一体化护理模式的应用效果。方法:本次研究对象选取2015年7~8月深圳市某区五个社区健康服务中心就诊的920例2型糖尿病患者,按照随机数字表法等分为对照组和干预组,对照组患者接受社区医院常规糖尿病随访护理;干预组接受"社区护士-患者-志愿者"一体化护理模式进行护理干预,观察两组患者糖尿病知识掌握情况,出院后遵医行为及血糖控制情况。结果:干预组患者的糖尿病诱发因素、机体表现、饮食原则、并发症等知识掌握程度高于对照组(P0.05)。干预组患者在饮食控制、坚持运动、健康生活方式、服药与血糖监测方面依从性高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者在干预前空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖值差异无统计学意义(P0.05),经过社区一体化护理干预后干预组上述指标值均低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:通过对2型糖尿病患者实施"社区护士-患者-志愿者"一体化的护理服务模式,大部分患者遵医行为较好,对疾病知识掌握度较高,血糖控制情况良好。     

社区护理干预在2型老年糖尿病患者中的应用及效果观察

目的:探讨社区护理干预在2型老年糖尿病患者中的应用及临床效果.方法:对60例2型老年糖尿病患者实施基础护理的同时给予社区护理干预,包括心理护理、饮食护理、运动护理、用药护理、按时复诊.比较患者护理干预前、干预6个月、干预1年的空腹血糖(FPG)和餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG),统计分析患者干预1年后对糖尿病相关知识的掌握程度及对社区护理工作的满意率.结果:患者干预6个月、干预1年的FPG和2 hPG均低于干预前(P＜0.05);患者干预1年后对糖尿病相关基础知识掌握率为91.67%,饮食知识掌握率为95.00%,运动知识掌握率为85.00%,血糖监测知识掌握率为93.33%,生活习惯知识掌握率为90.00%;患者干预1年后对社区护理服务态度满意率为95.00%,健康教育满意率为96.67%,沟通交流满意率为93.33%,技术水平满意率为96.67%.结论:社区护理综合干预能提高2型老年糖尿病患者的自我保健意识,对血糖控制有重要临床意义.     

社区2型糖尿病病人足部护理健康教育进展

分析我国现有的关于社区2型糖尿病病人足部护理健康教育的方式、内容及评价,以期为社区2型糖尿病病人的相关工作提供依据。建议加强社区健康教育体系,以获得更好的护理干预效果,减少糖尿病足的发生。     

Resourcefulness and health practices of diabetic women

More than one fourth of the millions of Americans with Type 2 diabetes experience depression, of which two thirds are women. Unless the individual is resourceful, coexisting diabetes and depression adversely affect one' health practices. The effects of diabetic and depressive symptoms on health practices and the mediating and moderating role of learned resourcefulness in this relationship were examined in 90 women with Type 2 diabetes. Regression analyses showed direct negative effects of diabetic and depressive symptoms on health practices. The effects of depressive, but not diabetic, symptoms were partially mediated by resourcefulness; no moderating effects were found. The results suggest the need to test interventions to minimize symptoms associated with diabetes, particularly depression. Teaching resourcefulness to Type 2 diabetic women may promote their positive health practices by minimizing their depression.     

Postpartum depression is a family affair: addressing the impact on mothers, fathers, and children

The purpose of this paper is to present research on the effects of postpartum depression (PPD) on mothers, fathers, and children that point to a re-conceptualization of PPD as a mental health condition that affects the whole family. As such, the objectives of this paper are to discuss: (1) the incidence and effects of PPD on mothers and fathers; (2) common predictors of PPD in mothers and fathers, and (3) the effects of PPD on parenting and parent-child relationships, and (4) the effects of PPD on children's health, and their cognitive and social-emotional development. Finally, the implications for screening and intervention if depression is re-conceptualized as a condition of the family are discussed.     

教育干预对2型糖尿病合并高血压患者的效果评价

目的探讨教育干预对2型糖尿病合并高血压患者的效果评价。方法对100例2型糖尿病患者实施个体化糖尿病教育,评估教育干预前后患者对糖尿病合并高血压相关知识掌握情况、饮食、运动、自我管理能力、代谢控制指标等变化。结果教育干预前后患者对糖尿病合并高血压相关知识掌握、饮食、运动、自我管理能力、FBG、PBG、血压等代谢控制指标明显改善。结论个体化糖尿病教育干预对2型糖尿病合并高血压患者知识水平的提高、行为和代谢控制指标的改善有重要意义。     

健康教育及康复训练对残疾人健康的影响

目的 了解罗湖区残疾人健康教育及康复训练的方法,探讨健康教育及康复训练对残疾人健康的影响,总结残疾人健康教育及康复训练的经验.方法 将罗湖区240例听力、肢体及视力等方面有障碍的残疾人随机分为对照组(不进行健康教育及康复训练)、实验1组(单纯健康教育组)和实验2组(健康教育加医学康复训练),每组各80例.比较健康教育前后对3组残疾人健康的影响.结果 经过3年的健康教育及康复训练干预,实验1组、实验2组的高血压、糖尿病、肥胖等症状明显改善,健康状况显著好于对照组,其中以实验2组效果最好.结论 人性化的健康教育及康复训练对提高残疾人的健康水平有重要意义.

Abstract：

Objective To acquaint the methods of health education and rehabilitation training to the handicapped, explore the influence of health education and rehabilitation training on the handicapped and sum up the experiences of the health education and rehabilitation training for the handicapped. Methods 240cases of handicapped were randomly divided into the control group (no training in health education and rehabilitation), the experimental group 1 (simple health education group) and the experimental group 2 (health education plus medical rehabilitation), 80 patients in each group. The effects of health education on the persons with disabilities were compared before and after health education among three groups. Results After 3 years of health education and rehabilitation training intervention, symptoms of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and other symptoms of the experimental group 1, the experimental group 2 improved significantly better than that of the control group, the experimental group 2 showed best result. Conclusions The humanized health education and rehabilitation training had an important significance to improve the health levels of the handicapped.     

Postpartum Depression is a Family Affair: Addressing the Impact on Mothers,Fathers, and Children

The purpose of this paper is to present research on the effects of postpartum depression (PPD) on mothers, fathers, and children that point to a re-conceptualization of PPD as a mental health condition that affects the whole family. As such, the objectives of this paper are to discuss: (1) the incidence and effects of PPD on mothers and fathers; (2) common predictors of PPD in mothers and fathers, and (3) the effects of PPD on parenting and parent-child relationships, and (4) the effects of PPD on children's health, and their cognitive and social-emotional development. Finally, the implications for screening and intervention if depression is re-conceptualized as a condition of the family are discussed.     

A randomized clinical trial of a wellness intervention for women with multiple sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of a wellness intervention program for women with multiple sclerosis (MS) on health behaviors and quality of life (QOL). DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Community setting in the southwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of 113 women with physician-confirmed MS (mean age, 45.79y). INTERVENTIONS: The 2-phase intervention program included lifestyle-change classes for 8 weeks, then telephone follow-up for 3 months. Participants were followed over an 8-month period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A series of self-report instruments to measure barriers, resources, self-efficacy for health behaviors, health promotion behaviors, and health-related QOL were completed at baseline, 2 months (after the classes), 5 months (after telephone follow-up), and at 8 months. Principal outcomes measures were health-promoting behaviors (scores on the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II) and QOL (scores on the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey [SF-36] scales). RESULTS: Hierarchical linear modeling techniques revealed a statistically significant group by time effect for self-efficacy for health behaviors, health-promoting behaviors, and the mental health and pain scales of the SF-36. CONCLUSION: These data provide initial support for the positive effects of wellness interventions to improve health behaviors and selected dimensions of QOL for women with MS.     

Effects of fetuin-A with diverse functions and multiple mechanisms on human health

Fetuin-A (Alfa 2-Heremans-Schmid) is a glycoprotein that is mainly synthesized by hepatocytes and then released into the bloodstream. While fetuin-A, a multifunctional protein, has inhibitory effects on health in the processes of calcification, mineralization, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and kidney stone formation by various mechanisms, it has such stimulatory effects as obesity, diabetes, and tumor progression processes. Fetuin-A produces these effects on the organism mainly by playing a role in the secretion levels of some inflammatory cytokines and exosomes, preventing unwanted calcification, inhibiting the autophosphorylation of tyrosine kinase, suppressing the release of adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), activating the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), triggering the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3) kinase/Akt signaling pathway and cell proliferation, and mimicking the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) receptor. In the present review, fetuin-A was examined in a wide perspective from the structure and release of fetuin-A to its effects on health.     

112例2型糖尿病患者社区康复效果观察

目的探讨社区管理对2型糖尿病患者康复的影响。方法选择已确诊的112例2型糖尿病患者,采用健康知识教育、量化饮食、量化运动和指导合理用药的手段,进行为期12个月的强化管理,同时观察化验指标变化。结果经过12个月的管理,糖尿病患者的健康意识明显提高,各项指标均有不同程度好转,其中总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)改变不明显(P>0.05),而血压、体重、腰围、空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三脂(TG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)等指标均有明显好转(P<0.01)。结论以饮食、运动、能量平衡为核心的社区综合护理对2型糖尿病治疗取得了一定效果。     

健康教育对恢复期精神疾病病人的康复作用

目的 探讨健康教育对恢复期精神疾病病人的康复作用.方法 将124例恢复期精神疾病病人随机分为观察组和对照组各62例.对照组按常规抗精神病药物治疗,观察组在此基础上实施健康教育,分别于治疗前及治疗后6周采用BPRS、NOSIE量表进行效果评定.结果 观察组病人BPRS评分明显低于对照组(p＜0 01),NOSIE评分高于对照组(p＜0.05).结论 对恢复期精神疾病病人实施健康教育,有助于改善病人的精神症状,减轻焦虑、抑郁情绪,增强社会功能,减少复发,降低残疾程度.