克罗恩病:临床面临的挑战

炎症性肠病(IBD)是一组慢性特发性疾病,以肠道炎症为特征,并可反复发作。克罗恩病(Crohn’sdisease,CD)为IBD的一种,可发生于肠道的任何部位,根据发病部位和发病形式不同,其临床表现呈多样化,并有多种肠外表现。CD的病因尚不明确,可能因素包括:遗传易感性、环境因素诱发、内在因素(如肠道通透性改变)以及免疫异常等。第二次世界大战后,不但在高发区有发病率增高的趋势,而且在全世界其他地区其发病率也有所增高。CD的诊断也面临着挑战,与溃疡性结肠炎(UC)不同,可出现在消化道的任何部位。约30%～40%的患者仅累及小肠,30%～40%可累及回…     

信息支持在炎症性肠病患者中的应用现状

正炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一组慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,主要分为溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)两种类型。近20年来,我国IBD发病率迅猛增加,我国UC与CD的患病率分别约为11.6/10万和1.4/10万~([1])。发病高峰介于20~40岁之间,具有发作期与缓解期交替的特点,可能导致各种并发症,需要患者持续服药、频繁就诊以及     

髓过氧化物酶对炎症性肠病病情活动监测的临床价值

目的：探讨髓过氧化物酶（MPO）作为炎症性肠病（IBD）病情活动监测指标的临床价值。方法：分别观察了15例IBD活动组患者[其中活动期溃疡性结肠炎（UC）10例．活动期克罗恩病（CD）5例]、15例IBD非活动组患者（其中缓解期UC10例，缓解期CD5例）、12例对照组患者结肠粘膜病理变化．按Oshitani评分标准和D＇haens评分标准进行UC和CD组织学评分，测定结肠黏膜MPO活性。结果：IBD活动组、IBD非活动组病理组织评分均比对照组高，IBD活动组病理组织评分亦较IBD非活动组高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。IBD活动组、IBD非活动组肠粘膜MPO活性均较对照组高，IBD活动组MPO活性较IBD非活动组高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：MPO活性与IBD病情活动程度呈正相关，可作为IBD病情活动的临测指标。     

炎症标志物对炎症性肠病活动性的诊断价值研究进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)主要是由肠道微生物群和免疫系统紊乱而引起的慢性非特异性肠道炎性疾病,包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)[1].IBD在全球范围内影响较大,据统计,IBD患病在美国约10...     

炎症性肠病－－炎症性肠病的中医治疗

1　何谓“炎症性肠病”　　广义的“炎症性肠病”是指以肠道炎症为主要表现的不同疾病的总和 ;狭义的“炎症性肠病”(inflammatoryboweldisease ,IBD)包含了两个独立的疾病 :溃疡性结肠炎 (ulcerativecolitis ,UC)和克罗恩病 (Crohn’sdisease ,CD ) [1] 。IBD在西方国家相当常见 ,患病率达 40 /10万～ 10 0 /10万 ,在中国发病率比欧美低 ,但近年来该病的发病率有增加的趋势。近 2 0年来CD的增加更为明显 ,与UC的发病率、患病率几乎相当。国内由于过去一直认为本病少见而重视不够 ,但仅近 10年来医学文献报道即己逾千篇 ,累计病例超过…     

氟罗氏尿管用于炎症性肠病保留灌肠的效果观察

炎症性肠病(IBD)专指病因未明的结肠炎症,包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD).近年来,IBD的发病率持续增高,病程呈慢性经过,反复发作.     

炎性肠病的肠外表现研究进展

<正>炎性肠病(IBD)是以反复发作的慢性肠道炎性反应为特点的一组疾病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD),多以腹痛、腹泻为主要症状,炎性肠病常伴发一些肠外表现,有些肠外表现可在肠道表现之前出现。有文献报道IBD患者的肠外表现发生率高达21.9%~42.9%[1]。近年研究发现,肠外表现的发病机制可能与机体免疫反应、肠道炎性活动、     

益生菌与炎症性肠病

炎症性肠病(IBD)包括克罗恩氏病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)，其病因和发病机制目前尚不清楚。临床研究发现，炎症性肠病患者肠道内存在菌群失调，正常细菌的数鼍减少，若给患者补充正常细菌即益生菌，使肠道内菌群失调得到纠正，可使病情缓解。1992年Fuller将益生菌定义为：经饮食摄取的能促进宿主机体微生态平衡的活微生物。本文就肠道菌群在炎症性肠病发病中的作用、益生菌对炎症性肠病的治疗作用作一简要综述。     

炎症性肠病的影像学诊断

炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease,IBD）是一种病因不明的慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,包括克罗恩病（Crohn’s disease,CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis,UC）。影像学检查是诊断IBD的重要手段,目前主要包括X线钡剂检查和CT、MRI,其不仅可确诊IBD、鉴别CD与UC,还能评价病变的累及范围和严重程度；判断有无肠外并发症．并对临床疗效进行随访。     

炎症性肠病患者生活质量的研究现状

炎症性肠病（InflammatoryBowelDisease,IBD）是一组病因尚未明确的慢性非特异性肠道炎症,包括溃疡性结肠炎（UlcerationColitis,UC）和克罗恩病（Crohn。Disease,CD）两种类型。该病多发于青壮年,临床表现为慢性腹泻、黏液血便、腹痛、腹部包块、发热、     

血清学抗体检测对炎症性肠病的诊断价值

目的 测定抗酿酒酵母菌抗体（ASCA）、抗胰腺腺泡抗体（PAB）、抗小肠杯状细胞抗体（GAB）、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（pANCA）在炎症性肠病（IBD）中的表达,探讨其对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和克罗恩病（CD）的诊断价值.方法 2006年1月至2011年7月收集天津市人民医院住院患者510例,分成UC组、CD组及对照组,UC组358例,男192例,女166例,平均年龄（45.7±15.8）岁,CD组31例,男20例,女11例,平均年龄（42.8±19.2）岁,对照组121例,男69例,女52例,平均年龄（56.8±13.2）岁.空腹采集静脉血2ml,采用间接免疫荧光法检测血清中IgA型和IgG型ASCA、PAB、GAB和pANCA 4种抗体的表达.结果 ASCA-IgA和IgG 1种以上亚型阳性在CD组、UC组和对照组阳性率分别为12.9％、3.6％、1.7％,CD组与后两组比较差异有统计学意义.PAB各组无一例阳性表达.GAB在UC组和CD组比较差异无统计学意义.pANCA在UC组中阳性率为54.7％,显著高于CD组（3.2％）和对照组（2.5％）,UC组和后两组比较差异有统计学意义.ASCA（＋）诊断CD的敏感性、特异性、阳性和阴性预测值分别为12.9％、96.4％、23.5％、92.7％,pANCA（＋）诊断UC的敏感性、特异性、阳性和阴性预测值分别为54.7％、96.8％、99.5％、15.6％.结论 IBD相关抗体检测的特异性较高,但敏感性低.pANCA对于诊断UC较有价值,同时检测IgA型和IgG型ASCA可提高CD诊断的敏感性,PAB对于诊断IBD意义不大.     

酿酒酵母菌抗原在炎症性肠病结肠组织中的表达及意义

目的研究酿酒酵母菌抗原在炎症性肠病(IBD)结肠黏膜组织中的表达,评价酿酒酵母菌抗原在IBD诊断中的作用,初步探讨其在IBD发病中的意义。方法随机抽取航天中心医院2003年1月至2009年4月47例有完整临床资料的IBD患者的蜡块标本,其中克罗恩病(CD)22例、溃疡性结肠炎(UC)25例,另取非IBD结肠炎患者的蜡块标本20例作对照组。采用免疫组织化学法对标本石蜡切片进行染色,检测酿酒酵母菌抗原在肠黏膜组织中的表达,采用χ2检验分析酿酒酵母菌抗原在不同肠病中表达的差异性。结果免疫组织化学分析表明酿酒酵母菌抗原在CD阳性表达率为86.4%(19/22),在UC中为80.0%(20/25),在非IBD结肠炎中为70.0%(14/20),三组之间的阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.716,P=0.424)。结论酿酒酵母菌抗原在IBD中的表达无疾病特异性,暂不能作为诊断及鉴别诊断IBD的指标;酿酒酵母菌抗原在CD、UC患者及非IBD结肠炎患者结肠黏膜内的较广泛表达,也提示此类抗原蛋白在IBD的发生发展中发挥着不确定的作用。     

Diagnostic value of the serum platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity in inflammatory bowel disease

Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) is an enzyme hydrolyzing platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent inflammatory mediator, but the relationship between this enzyme and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to examine the usefulness of the serum PAF-AH activity in order to differentiate ulcerative colitis (UC) from Crohn's disease (CD). The serum PAF-AH activity was measured in 57 patients with IBD (39 UC and 18 CD patients) and 13 control subjects by a spectrophotometric method. The serum PAF-AH activity was thus found to be significantly lower in patients with CD (median 265.5 U/l) than in those with UC (355 U/l) or control subjects (374 U/l). This marker at a cutoff level of 386 U/l demonstrated a sensitivity of 46%, a specificity of 100%, and a positive predictive value of 100% regarding its ability to distinguish UC from CD. Moreover, the marker responded inversely to the changes in the disease activity of IBD. These results suggest that measuring the serum PAF-AH activity is a useful diagnostic modality for making a differential diagnosis between UC and CD.     

粪便钙卫蛋白在肠易激综合征和炎症性肠病鉴别诊断中的意义分析

目的　探讨粪便钙卫蛋白（ fecal calprotectin,FC）在肠易激综合征（ irritable bowel syndrome,IBS）和炎症性肠病（ in.ammatory bowel disease,IBD）鉴别诊断中的意义。方法　选择 2018年 1月～ 7月江苏省中医院门诊及病房收治的 IBS患者 38例,IBD患者 114例。IBD病例中包含溃疡性结肠炎 (ulcerative colitis,UC)63例,克罗恩病 (Crohn’s disease,CD)51例。收集同期健康体检者 55例作为健康对照。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ ELISA）测定 FC水平,并同时检测 IBD患者红细胞沉降率（ ESR）及 C反应蛋白（ CRP）,分析各组之间 FC水平差异,以及 FC,ESR和 CRP与疾病活动指数的相关性。结果　IBD患者 FC水平显著高于 IBS组及健康对照组 , 差异有统计学意义（ q=15.897,18.523,均 P <0.01）,UC组 FC水平高于 CD组,差异有统计学意义（ q=5.204,P <0.01）;IBS组 FC水平和健康组相比,差异无统计学意义（ q=0.318,P >0.05）。受试者工作曲线（ ROC）分析显示 FC升高的临界值为 159.5μg/g,对应诊断 IBD的最佳灵敏度和特异度分别为 91.2%和 94.7%。UC组 FC,ESR和 CRP与 Mayo评分均呈正相关性（ r=0.851,0.752和 0.531,均 P <0.01）;CD组 FC,ESR和 CRP与克罗恩病活动指数（ CDAI）评分相关系数均呈正相关性（ r=0.796,0.693和 0.476, 均 P <0.01)。活动期 UC和 CD组患者经过治疗后,FC水平显著降低（t=17.543,11.313,均 P <0.01）。结论　 FC可作为鉴别 IBS和 IBD以及判断 IBD活动性和疗效的一个良好指标。     

Potential role of soluble angiopoietin-2 and Tie-2 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis has been suggested to play an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum markers of angiogenesis angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and soluble angiopoietin receptor Tie-2 in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serum Ang-2 and Tie-2 serum levels were measured in 160 IBD patients (79 UC and 81 CD) and in 80 matched healthy controls using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels were correlated with the disease activity, as well as the type, localization and treatment of the disease. RESULTS: Median serum Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels were significantly higher in both the UC patients and the CD patients compared with the healthy controls (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The IBD patients with early disease (diagnosis < 2 years) had significantly higher (P = 0.04) median serum Ang-2 levels but significantly lower (P = 0.02) median serum Tie-2 levels as compared with IBD patients with late disease (diagnosis > 2 years). The CD patients with active disease had significantly higher levels of Ang-2 compared with non-active disease (P = 0.02). Serum levels of both Ang-2 and Tie-2 were not correlated with laboratory markers such as ESR, CRP, white blood cell count, platelet count and albumin. CONCLUSIONS: Serum Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels are elevated in patients with IBD. These markers may mediate angiogenesis and vascular permeability in the mucosa of patients with IBD.     

载脂蛋白M在炎症性肠病中的测定及意义

目的 探讨血清载脂蛋白M (apolipoprotein M,apoM)在炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)患者血清中的表达及意义。方法 采用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay,ELISA)检测101例IBD患者及69例健康对照组的血清apoM和肿瘤坏死因子a(tumor necrosis factor-a,TNF-α)水平,分析其与IBD疾病活动度的相关性。结果 溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)组、克罗恩病(Crohn＇s disesse,CD)组和健康对照组的血清apoM水平分别为(13.5±8.8) mg/L,(10.2±5.8) mg/L和(2.0±1.3) mg/L,且UC组血清apoM水平高于CD组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);UC和CD患者血清apoM水平均随着疾病活动度的增加而升高,各等级间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);IBD组血清apoM水平与血清TNF-α水平呈正相关(r=0.314,P=0.001),以CD组为著(r=0.365,P=0.010)。结论 UC、CD患者血清apoM水平与疾病活动度相关,在评估IBD疾病活动度上有潜在的运用价值。     

Advances in clinical laboratory tests for inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a generic term that refers to Crohn's disease and chronic ulcerative colitis (UC). The CD and UC are considered to be distinct forms of IBD; but there is a subgroup of CD with a UC-like presentation. The genetic factors play a significant role in IBD. IBD is associated with a strong familial pattern. Recent studies support the hypothesis that IBD patients have a dysregulated immune response to endogenous bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. The serologic responses seen in Crohn's disease include antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mycobacteria, bacteroides and E. coli. The pANCA antibody seen in UC and CD has been demonstrated to react with epitopes of H1 histone, Bacteroides caccae (Ton-B linked outer membrane protein), Pseudomonas fluorescens-associated bacterial protein I-2, mycobacterial histone 1 homologue called Hup B. In recent years, several serologic markers have been found to be useful for the diagnosis and differentiation of CD and UC. These markers include the following antibodies: (a) pANCA, (b) ASCA, (c) anti-pancreatic antibody, (d) OmpC antibody and (e) I-2 antibody and antibodies to anaerobic coccoid rods. The application of a panel of markers with the use of an algorithm (i.e. IBD First Step) can identify specific subtypes of IBD that have different clinical courses and progression of the diseases. The serologic markers are useful for the diagnosis and management of CD and UC patients.     

Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by leukocytapheresis

Studies about leukocytapheresis have emerged with the need of search for alternatives to conventional treatment in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Leukocytapheresis is a novel non-pharmacologic approach for active ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), in which leukocytes are mechanically removed from the circulatory system. Patients with active IBD treated with leukocytapheresis using a Cellsorba E column between 2012 and 2015, were enrolled in Turkey. In our experience, the results of leukocytapheresis therapy in 6 patients with CD and 20 patients with active UC were overviewed. Leukocytapheresis (10 sessions for remission induction therapy, 6 sessions for maintenance therapy) was applied to the patients with their concomitant medications. Intensive leukocytapheresis (≥4 leukocytapheresis sessions within the first 2 weeks) was used in 30% patients with active severe UC. The overall clinical remission rate in patients with UC was 80%, and the mucosal healing rate was 65%. Patients were followed for an average of 24 months. It was observed that clinical remission has continued in 65% of patients with UC. Mild relapse was observed in 3 patients with UC during follow up period. In 5 patients with CD significant clinical remission was achieved except only one patient. Surgical needs were disappeared in 3 patients with obstructive type Crohn’s disease. Adverse events were seen in only 4.3% of 416 sessions. Any concomitant medications did not increase the incidence of adverse events. Our results indicate that leukocytapheresis is efficacious in improving remission rates with excellent tolerability and safety in patients with IBD.     

血小板相关参数对评估炎症性肠病活动性的临床意义

目的探讨血小板相关参数评估炎症性肠病(IBD)活动性的价值。方法回顾性收集2010年1月至2019年6月九江学院附属医院消化内科住院的溃疡性结肠炎(UC)及克罗恩病(CD)患者共206例,另选取于九江学院附属医院健康体检50例健康人员作为对照;收集研究对象临床资料,并依据病史、Myao活动指数、蒙特利尔分级及克罗恩病活动指数(CDAI)对患者进行分组及疾病严重程度分级。收集患者首次诊断时的血常规检测指标。结果IBD患者的血小板相关参数除P-LCR外与对照组比较均有明显差异(P<0.05);CD患者PCT及PLT显著高于UC(P分别0.007、<0.001);IBD活动期患者血小板参数与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.05);且UC患者病情与血小板参数存在相关性,重度患者PLT高于轻度患者(P<0.05)、MPV低于轻度患者(P=0.001);将MPV、PDW、P-LCR、PCT、PLT联合诊断IBD的活动性,得到AUC=0.857,95%CI 0.803~0.912,P<0.05。结论MPV、PDW在IBD活动期降低;PLT、PCT则增高;血小板相关参数联合诊断可较好反映IBD活动性。     

Blockade of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis ameliorates murine experimental colitis

Recent studies indicate that the CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction is involved in several inflammatory conditions. However, it is unclear whether this interaction has a role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated the significance of this interaction in patients with IBD and in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and the effect of a CXCR4 antagonist on experimental colitis. First, we measured CXCR4 expression on peripheral T cells in patients with IBD. Furthermore, we investigated CXCR4 expression on leukocytes and CXCL12 expression in the colonic tissue of mice with DSS-induced colitis, and we evaluated the effects of a CXCR4 antagonist on DSS-induced colitis and colonic inflammation of interleukin (IL)-10 knockout (KO) mice. Colonic inflammation was assessed both clinically and histologically. Cytokine production from mesenteric lymph node cells was also examined. CXCR4 expression on peripheral T cells was significantly higher in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) compared with normal controls, and CXCR4 expression levels of UC patients correlated with disease activity. Both CXCR4 expression on leukocytes and CXCL12 expression in colonic tissue were significantly increased in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Administration of a CXCR4 antagonist ameliorated colonic inflammation in DSS-induced colitis and IL-10 KO mice. CXCR4 antagonist reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma production from mesenteric lymph node cells, whereas it did not affect IL-10 production. The percentage of mesenteric Foxp3+CD25+ T cells in DSS-induced colitis was not affected by CXCR4 antagonist. These results suggest that blockade of this chemokine axis might have potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of IBD.