关节镜下射频汽化术治疗臀肌挛缩症的护理及康复指导

目的 探讨关节镜技术在臀肌挛缩症手术治疗后的早期康复训练对患者功能恢复的影响。方法 对13例患者术后下床时间、伤口愈合情况、住院时间、功能训练方法进行统计分析。结果 术后下床时间为24h内,手术后平均住院3d,伤口10d内全部愈合。术后1个月随访,所有患者活动自如,功能恢复良好。结论 关节镜下射频汽化术治疗臀肌挛缩症的早期康复护理,有利于正确指导功能训练,减少并发症,减少住院天数。     

关节镜下软组织松解治疗臀肌挛缩症的康复与护理

目的　探讨关节镜技术在臀肌挛缩症和弹响髋治疗后 ,早期康复对手术后功能的影响。方法　对 1 3例患者的下床时间、伤口愈合情况、住院时间、功能训练方法进行统计分析。结果　术后下床为 2 4h内 ,手术后平均住院 3天 ,伤口 1 0天内全部愈合。术后平均 1 4个月随访所有患者活动自如 ,功能恢复效果良好。结论　关节镜下软组织松解治疗臀肌挛缩症的早期康复与护理 ,对于正确指导功能训练 ,减少并发症 ,减少住院天数 ,减轻患者经济负担 ,且功能恢复快 ,是一种安全、有效的方法     

关节镜下治疗臀肌筋膜挛缩症的围手术期护理

目的 探讨关节镜下治疗臀肌筋膜挛缩症的围手术期护理.方法 对2008年7月～2010年8月18例在该科关节镜下手术治疗的臀肌筋膜挛缩症患者进行规范化的手术前、后护理,并对患者进行出院后随访指导至术后6～18个月.结果 18例均获随访,随访时间6～18个月,18例患者术前均能积极配合,术后康复锻炼的依从性良好.于术后5～7 d顺利出院,切口Ⅰ期愈合,伤口未遗留明显瘢痕,未发生并发症,双下肢功能根据黄添耀等的评定标准,优良率达94.4%.结论 关节镜下治疗臀肌筋膜挛缩症,创伤小、出血少,细致的围手术期护理可使患者积极主动接受并配合手术治疗,减轻手术痛苦,手术后康复锻炼依从性加强.围手术期护理是治疗臀肌筋膜挛缩症成功的重要环节.     

四步强化练功法在关节镜下臀肌挛缩松解术术后康复中的应用

目的探讨四步强化练功法对关节镜下臀肌挛缩松解术患者术后康复功能的效果。方法2007年1月至2008年3月共收治臀肌挛缩症患者44例,施行关节镜下臀肌松解治疗,术后早期、系统地实施“四步强化练功法”,并行随访,根据步态、并膝下蹲、交腿试验、弹跳感等进行综合评价疗效。结果44例臀肌挛缩症患者,男15例,女29例,年龄12～39岁,平均21．2岁。双侧发病43例,单侧发病1例,共87侧;平均住院时间6．7d,随访时间3～12个月,平均7．9个月,优41例,良3例,髋关节功能恢复,步态恢复正常。结论四步强化练功法在关节镜下臀肌挛缩松解术的患者康复运用中效果显著。     

关节镜下治疗臀肌挛缩症的术后护理及功能锻炼体会

目的:探讨关节镜下手术治疗臀肌挛缩症的术后护理及功能锻炼方法。方法:采用关节镜监视下手术治疗臀肌挛缩症,术后进行早期分步骤的系统功能锻炼。结果:本组均康复出院,无1例感染。出院后随访3~6个月,髋关节无弹响,其中优11例,良1例,髋关节功能恢复达到满意效果。结论:关节镜监视下手术治疗臀肌挛缩症能达到彻底松解挛缩组织的目的,配合早期分步骤的功能锻炼治疗臀肌挛缩症可以取得满意疗效。     

关节镜下手术治疗儿童臀肌挛缩症的护理

目的总结关节镜手术治疗儿童臀肌挛缩症的护理。方珐我科对2005年5月至2008年5月收治的22例臀肌挛缩症患儿采用关节镜下治疗挛缩的臀肌及筋膜．对其进行精心护理．指导其术后早期功能锻炼。结果所有患儿术后住院时间3～8d,平均（5．1±0．4）d。17例患儿获得成功随访,其中优12例．良4例,可1例。术后随访时间6～14个月,平均（8．2±0．5）个月。5例患儿因失访未联系,具体情况不详。结论关节镜下手术治疗儿童臀肌挛缩症是一种便捷、安全、有效、微创、美观的手术方法,且围术期的细心护理和早期正确的功能训练,有助于患儿的康复。     

微创治疗臀肌挛缩症的康复护理

目的:探讨关节镜下射频汽化术治疗臀肌挛缩症围手术期康复护理的疗效.方法:臀肌挛缩患者90例,随机分为观察组与对照组各45例,均采用关节镜下射频汽化术手术,手术前后观察组配合心理护理、功能锻炼等系统康复护理,对照组仍给予常规护理.结果:治疗1个月后,观察组患者留置导尿管时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05),功能恢复优良率均显著高于对照组(95.6%与82.2%,P<0.05).结论:加强围手术期康复护理,有利于提高臀肌挛缩症术后患者的功能康复.     

关节镜治疗臀肌挛缩症的疗效

目的探讨关节镜下治疗臀肌挛缩症的疗效。方法 2008年1月开始该院采用关节镜下治疗臀肌挛缩症18例患者35侧病变。手术在组织腔室内操作,对挛缩组织逐层进行切割松解,术后尽早行功能锻炼。结果所有患者均获得了随访2～16个月,优良率88.89%。术后无伤口血肿、感染及神经损伤等合并症。结论关节镜下治疗臀肌挛缩症,切口小,创伤小,出血少,并发症少,术后恢复快。     

关节镜下软组织松解治疗臀肌挛缩症

目的探讨关节镜技术在臀肌挛缩症及弹响髋微创外科治疗的可行性。方法对临床病例进行对比研究,了解手术时间、伤口愈合时间、症状改善程度等指标。结果10例患者20侧病变,弹响髋2例,臀肌挛缩症8例。手术前8例不能并膝下蹲,另2例重症患者分膝也不能下蹲。手术后当天所有患者弹响消失,完全下蹲。手术后平均住院时间2.8d,无伤口血肿、神经损伤等合并症。结论关节镜下阔筋膜张肌腱膜、臀肌肌膜及肌肉内的变性束带等软组织松解治疗臀肌挛缩症及弹响髋,是一种安全、有效、美观经济的手术方法。作者创造了一种在人为分离形成的组织腔室内进行关节镜手术的外科技术。     

关节镜下软组织松解治疗臂肌挛缩症

目的 探讨关节镜技术在臂肌挛缩症及弹响髋微创外科治疗的可行性。方法 对临床病例进行对比研究，了解手术时间伤口愈合时间、症状改善程度等指标，结果 10例患20例病变，弹响髋2例，臀肌挛缩症8例，手术前8例不能并膝下蹲，另2例重症患分膝也不能下蹲。手术后当天所有患弹响消失，安全下蹲，手术后平均住院时间2.8d，无伤口血肿、神经损伤等合并症。结论 关节镜下阔筋膜张肌腱膜、臀肌肌膜及肌肉内的变性束带等软组织松解治疗臀肌挛缩症及弹响髋，是一种安全、有效美观经济的手术方法。作改造了一种在人为分离形成的组织腔室内进行关节镜手术的外科手术。     

Prevalence and severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and effect of vitamin supplementation.

OBJECTIVE: Although nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is the most common medical condition during pregnancy, there are many unanswered questions regarding its cause, epidemiologic features and optimal management. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of nausea and vomiting in a sample of Canadian women, to characterize the distribution of their severity and to investigate the role of vitamin B6 deficiency in their etiology. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Antenatal counselling service for pregnant women. PATIENTS: Three cohorts of women: a prospective, population-based cohort of 193 women, to estimate the rate and severity of nausea and vomiting (cohort A); a cohort of 555 women who sought advice for nausea with or without vomiting, to study the correlation between the maximal daily number of episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss (cohort B); and a prospective cohort of 301 women who reported vomiting, to correlate vitamin supplementation with vomiting (cohort C). INTERVENTIONS: All 3 cohorts were interviewed during the counselling session, and cohort B was followed up prospectively. OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of nausea and vomiting, weight loss, maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting, rate of multivitamin supplementation. RESULTS: Overall, 67% of the women in cohort A reported experiencing nausea or vomiting, or both; 22% reported vomiting, and 9% experienced weight loss. In cohort B there was a significant correlation between the maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss, although there was wide variation (r2 = 0.25, p < 0.001). There was a highly significant correlation between the number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss (r2 = 0.99). In cohort C, vomiting was significantly associated with lack of supplementation with multivitamins before 6 weeks' gestation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The relation between number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss may serve as a clinical tool to assess the severity of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and the success of anti-emetics and rehydration regimens. Further study is needed to elucidate the biologic basis of the observed association between vomiting and lack of multivitamin supplementation in early pregnancy.     

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题。随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快。由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义。     

骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现:9例报告并文献复习

目的探讨骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现。方法收集手术病理证实的9例骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的临床及影像学资料,9例术前8例接受CT扫描,3例接受MRI检查。结果9例中骨脂肪瘤6例,骨血管脂肪瘤3例。6例骨脂肪瘤发生于骨内4例,骨旁2例。骨内脂肪瘤跟骨1例,距骨1例,眶骨1例,肱骨1例。骨旁脂肪瘤颅骨1例,股骨1例。骨血管脂肪瘤发生于肋骨1例,颅骨1例,椎骨1例。骨内脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈轻度膨胀性改变,边缘见轻度硬化环,病灶内见脂肪密度及条弧形、结节状钙化,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,PDWI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。骨旁脂肪瘤CT呈不均匀高密度团块,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,T1WI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。3例骨血管脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈显著膨胀性改变,骨破坏边缘及内部见多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁,高密度骨针呈放射状、簇状或不规则排列。结论骨内脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤CT及MRI表现均以脂肪成分为主要特征,骨旁脂肪瘤CT以骨化性团块为特征,骨血管脂肪瘤骨质膨胀性改变较骨内脂肪瘤显著,病灶边缘及中心以多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁为特征。      

Attitude differences of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of susceptible and nonsusceptible hypnotic subjects

A form of the Semantic Differential, containing 9 concepts related to hypnosis and research, was administered to 96 hypnotically inexperienced male Ss. The Ss were later asked to volunteer for a hypnotic experiment, and the hypnotic susceptibility of all volunteers (N = 51) was then determined. Semantic Differential responses of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of highly susceptible and unhyp-notizable Ss were compared. Differences between groups, in both comparisons, were generally not statistically significant, a finding which suggests that there is no simple relationship between paper-and-pencil measures of attitudes and volunteering for hypnotic experiments or hypnotizability.     

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题[1].随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快[2].由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义.     

Rates and risks of transmission of smallpox and mechanisms of prevention

In 1980, the World Health Organization declared smallpox eradicated from the world; the last known natural case had occurred in Somalia in 1977, and the United States had stopped routinely vaccinating its citizens in 1972. However, with increasing concerns regarding domestic and international terrorism, smallpox has resurfaced as a potential threat to global health. We review the direct and indirect modes of smallpox transmission and how patterns of transmission vary substantially, depending on the severity of circulating disease, vaccination status, environmental and socioeconomic factors, and the setting of an outbreak. We examine mechanisms for controlling outbreaks of disease and preventing further transmission in the event of an outbreak, with an emphasis on smallpox vaccination.