皮能快愈敷料加自体刃厚皮片修复深部组织外露创面的护理

目的 观察皮能快愈敷料加自体刃厚皮片修复深部组织外露创面的效果,并总结护理体会.方法 回顾性分析2008年10月～2010年12月本院30例使用皮能快愈敷料加自体刃厚皮片修复深部组织外露创面患者的临床资料,并总结术后的护理要点.结果 术后随访6～ 12个月1,所有患者植皮区存活,其中愈合优28例,良2例;皮片均光滑平整,色素沉着和瘢痕增生不明显,皮肤的弹性功能恢复良好.结论 皮能快愈敷料加自体刃厚皮片修复深部组织外露创面是一种安全和有效的治疗方法,而术后对创口进行严密的观察和护理是保证皮片存活及具有良好功能和外观的关键.     

一种治疗皮肤软组织缺损伴肌腱外露的新技术

目的探讨应用皮能快愈敷料技术治疗皮肤软组织缺损伴部分肌腱外露创面的治疗效果。方法将皮肤软组织缺损伴部分肌腱外露创面40例随机分为:治疗组20例,应用皮能快愈敷料覆盖创面;对照组20例,应用一次性负压封闭引流技术覆盖。均复合自体刃厚皮片移植。对比评估两组修复效果。结果治疗组移植皮片存活良好,而对照组肌腱外露未封闭。结论皮能快愈敷料技术是治疗皮肤软组织缺损伴部分肌腱外露的有效新技术。     

泡沫敷料联合水胶体敷料治疗深度烧伤创面的临床疗效

目的探讨泡沫敷料联合水胶体敷料治疗深度烧伤创面的临床疗效。方法选取2018年3月～2019年3月我科收治的深度烧伤患者86例,根据随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,各43例。两组均行自体皮移植治疗,对照组移植术前采用泡沫敷料进行治疗。观察组采用泡沫敷料联合水胶体敷料进行治疗。比较两组治疗效果、术后换药次数、创面愈合时间、疼痛评分、并发症发生率及患者治疗满意率。结果观察组治疗优良率及患者满意率高于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组创面愈合时间、上皮组织覆盖创面时间、住院时间短于对照组(P0.01),术后换药次数少于对照组,疼痛评分低于对照组(P0.01)。结论泡沫敷料联合水胶体敷料应用可促进深度烧伤患者创面愈合,减轻患者创面疼痛感,降低并发症发生率,提高患者治疗效果及治疗满意率。     

异体表皮干细胞与猪脱细胞真皮构建复合皮移植6例

2005-01/2006-10在南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤科就诊的深度烧伤患者6例,均为四肢Ⅲ度烧伤创面.异种(猪)脱细胞真皮与异体表皮干细胞构建的复合皮由南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤中心提供.清创消毒后,6例患者均进行复合皮移植、自体刃厚皮移植,共移植复合皮12块,自体刃厚皮96块.复合皮移植是将复合皮剪成1.5 cm×1.5 cm,粗糙面向下、光滑面向上植于创面上;自体刃厚皮移植是将大片自体刃厚皮铺于矾土林纱布上,剪成1.5cm×1.5 cm,植于复合皮的四周.移植后3 d揭去创面外层纱布,见复合皮及自体刃厚皮与创面粘连好、湿润,呈淡红色:7 d复合皮及自体刃厚皮大部分成活,随后成活的皮片向四周扩展,至14 d大部分皮片接近融合,21 d时创面已基本愈合.移植的复合皮、自体刃厚皮成活数量比较,差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).因复合皮扩展情况不如自体刃厚皮,所以复合皮移植后的创面愈合面积小于自体刃厚皮移植(P＜0.01).在临床观察中6例患者暂末发生不良事件和副反应.提示表皮干细胞和(猪)脱细胞真皮构建的人工复合皮移植到受区,可建立血液循环,并保持一定的活力,达到覆盖创面、防止感染、防止体液流失的目的.     

脱细胞异体真皮在手深度烧伤中的应用

目的:评价脱细胞异体真皮在深度手烧伤治疗中的应用价值.方法:2004年1月至2006年8月对20例深Ⅱ度以上手烧伤患者进行了切削痂后脱细胞异体真皮和刃厚皮片复合移植.结果:20例复合移植皮片均成活,2例皮片边缘滑脱,创面换药后愈合,1年后随访患手颜色和外观与正常接近,功能无明显受限.结论:脱细胞异体真皮是手深度烧伤修复时理想的材料.     

脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植在烧伤整形中的应用

目的：探讨烧伤后全层皮肤缺损创面新的修复手术方法。方法：回顾分析2000～20HD4年16例26个部位深度烧伤及烧伤后期 瘢痕整形患者的脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮片复合移植手术效果。结果：复合皮成活良好，成活率95%以上，外观及功能接近正常 皮肤，取得良好效果。结论：脱细胞异体真皮与自体刃厚皮片复合移植可有效保证移植部位外观及功能，减轻供皮区瘢痕。     

痊愈妥敷料在烧伤患者刃厚皮供皮区的应用

皮片移植是烧伤科治疗创面愈合最常用的手段之一,能达到永久覆盖创面.刃厚皮片是其中最常运用的,皮片厚约0.15～0.3 mm,除表皮外还有薄层真皮,其优点是容易存活.但是供皮区会形成相应创面,选用合适的创面覆盖物促进供皮区创面的愈合对治疗烧伤患者,特别是大面积烧伤患者具有重要意义.凡士林纱布是最常用于供皮区创面,一般10～14 d刃厚皮供皮区能愈合,其缺点是凡士林纱布与创面黏合牢固,不易去除,而且强行去除可能破坏新生上皮,导致创面疼痛和出血,不利于供皮区创面愈合.本研究选用一种新型敷料痊愈妥应用于供皮区,通过与传统的凡士林油纱布比较对其进行评价.     

组织工程同种异体脱细胞真皮复合自体刃厚皮微粒皮移植

为观察组织工程同种异体脱细胞真皮复合自体刃厚皮、微粒皮移植的临床应用效果,选择2005-04/2008-06海南省农垦三亚医院烧伤整形科严重烧伤和瘢痕患者8例12个创面,采用脱细胞真皮复合自体刃厚皮片、脱细胞真皮复合自体微粒皮移植修复创面.12创面中,10个创面复合皮完全成活,1个创面出现散在点状坏死,经换药8 d愈合.1例植皮部分成活,经补充游离植皮后创面愈合.随访6～12个月,复合移植皮肤质地柔软,弹性良好,无瘢痕增生,类似全厚皮片.提示采用脱细胞真皮复合自体刃厚皮、微粒皮移植修复严重烧伤创面,疗效满意,没有排斥反应,是理想的治疗方法.     

生物敷料A治疗深度烧伤创面疗效观察

目的 探讨应用生物敷料A治疗深度烧伤创面的临床疗效.方法 将50例中小面积深度烧伤患者随机分为观察组和对照组各25例,对照组应用凡士林油纱覆盖术后创面,观察组应用生物敷料A覆盖术后创面,观察两组创面皮片扩展速度、创面感染情况及术后瘢痕增生等情况.结果 对照组患者皮片生长慢,有5例创面发生创面感染,创面愈合后瘢痕增生明显;观察组患者创面均一期愈合,无创面感染的发生,创面愈合后柔软、无明显瘢痕增生.结论 生物敷料A具有良好的组织相容性,能够有效减少创面感染,加速创面愈合,对于中、小面积深度烧伤的创面覆盖及愈合具有显著疗效.     

异体脱细胞真皮联合自体皮复合移植在创面修复中的应用及远期疗效观察

目的寻找功能部位深度烧伤创面与瘢痕畸形修复的理想覆盖材料。方法将功能部位的深度烧伤、瘢痕切除后创面或溃疡创面行脱细胞异体真皮＋自体刃厚皮复合移植。结果30例患者复合皮全部成活,复合皮光滑柔软,局部弹性好,关节功能恢复良好。结论脱细胞异体真皮＋自体皮是功能部位创面修复的理想覆盖材料。     

人工真皮修复骨外露创面23例效果评价

背景：近年来有应用人工真皮修复骨外露创面的报道,但其治疗效果尚不明确。目的：评价应用人工真皮修复23例骨外露创面的治疗效果。方法：选取北京积水潭医院烧伤科23例骨外露患者,男18例,女5例。骨外露创面清创后,进行人工真皮移植,待其成活后,进行自体薄断层皮片移植,观察人工真皮及自体断层皮片的成活情况和供皮区瘢痕增生情况。结果与结论：所有骨外露患者中除1例女性颅骨外露部分修复外,其余患者人工真皮及自体皮片成活良好,骨外露创面均完全修复,供皮区未见瘢痕。结果提示,人工真皮修复骨外露创面效果较好。     

人工真皮修复骨外露创面23例效果评价

背景:近年来有应用人工真皮修复骨外露创面的报道,但其治疗效果尚不明确。目的:评价应用人工真皮修复23例骨外露创面的治疗效果。方法:选取北京积水潭医院烧伤科23例骨外露患者,男18例,女5例。骨外露创面清创后,进行人工真皮移植,待其成活后,进行自体薄断层皮片移植,观察人工真皮及自体断层皮片的成活情况和供皮区瘢痕增生情况。结果与结论:所有骨外露患者中除1例女性颅骨外露部分修复外,其余患者人工真皮及自体皮片成活良好,骨外露创面均完全修复,供皮区未见瘢痕。结果提示,人工真皮修复骨外露创面效果较好。     

Noncontact laser Doppler imaging in burn depth analysis of the extremities

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy and practical utility of a noncontact laser Doppler imager (PIM-II, Lisca Development AB, Link?ping, Sweden) in the estimation of burn depth in the upper and lower extremities. At 48 hours after burn injury, we performed scans of 35 burns in 22 patients and obtained histological samples for burn determination with hematoxylin and eosin and vimentin immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, sequential scans and tissue specimens were obtained on 10 burns at 24, 48, and 72 hours. A statistically significant inverse relationship was noted between burn depth and the laser Doppler perfusion index. Laser Doppler perfusion index values greater than 1.3 predicted a superficial dermal burn with 95% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Superficial dermal burns exhibited increased perfusion in the early burn period. Wounds showed a progressive decline in perfusion and a progressive increase in the depth of injury during a 72-hour period. This study demonstrates the advantage and accuracy of using a noncontact laser Doppler to differentiate deep dermal from superficial partial thickness burns in the extremities.     

脱细胞异体敷料皮在烧伤治疗中的应用

目的:探讨脱细胞异体敷料皮在烧伤创面应用的效果。方法:2003—2004年在15例烧伤患者中应用脱细胞异体敷料皮覆盖烧伤创面及切削痂创面,分期自体植皮。结果:所有创面顺利愈合,取得良好效果。结论:脱细胞异体敷料皮使用简便,能促进创面愈合及提高植皮成功率,是一种良好的创面覆盖材料。     

人工真皮修复软组织缺损20例

为了研究及评价人工真皮在皮肤、组织缺损中的应用,北京积水潭医院烧伤科对2008-01/2009-04期间收治的皮肤、组织缺损患者20例应用人工真皮进行修复治疗.对有皮肤缺损、深部组织(肌腱、关节及骨外露)患者行清创、人工真皮移植,待其成活后,进行自体薄断层皮片进行移植,观察人工真皮及自体断层皮片的成活情况.移植后20例患者深部组织被有效覆盖,所有人工真皮成活,自体皮片移植成活,未见有明显瘢痕组织生成.提示应用人工真皮修复组织缺损、深部组织暴露,可以减少手术风险,减轻手术损伤,减轻瘢痕生成.     

The correlation between time to skin grafting and hypertrophic scarring following an acute contact burn in a porcine model

One sequelae of burn injury remains the development of hypertrophic scarring. This appears more likely when the healing has been prolonged. Early excision of deep dermal burns and subsequent split skin grafting (SSG) may provide a more favorable result. The optimal timing of grafting for deeper dermal burns remains controversial. This study sought to establish evidence for the optimal grafting time using a porcine model. Five Large White female pigs were exposed to four contact burn injuries for duration of 20 seconds at 92°C. Each site was randomized to a treatment arm: dressing only as the control, SSG day 3, SSG day 14, and SSG day 21. Burn wound biopsies were obtained at days 0, 3, 14, 21, and 99 after the burn injury, together with microbiological swabs. Digital photographs were taken to assess scarring using the Vancouver scar scale. All biopsies were subject to histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Vancouver scar scale scores and histopathological analysis indicated that areas grafted on day 3 had the least fibrosis and scarring (P = 0.031). There was a strong correlation between the histological evaluation of the degree of fibrosis and α-smooth muscle actin levels (r = .60, P = .014). A greater degree of fibrosis was observed in the presence of infection (P = .028). Sites grafted on day 3 consistently exhibited the best clinical and histological scar outcome. The increased fibrosis observed in delayed grafting may have been be related to progression of burn depth and infection. These results suggest that early grafting of deep dermal burns may be preferential.     

Reduced wound contraction after grafting of full-thickness burns with a collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate (GAG) dermal skin substitute and coverage with biobrane

Full-thickness burns destroy both the epidermal and dermal tissues of the skin. This study evaluates a collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate dermal skin substitute (graft) that was applied to excised full-thickness burns and covered with Biobrane. Experimental conditions included: (a) no burn, subcutaneous implantation of the graft; (b) burn, excision, graft, coverage with Biobrane and bandages; (c) burn, excision, no graft, coverage with Biobrane and bandages; (d) burn only. forty-one days post-surgery, subcutaneous implantation (N = 3) of the graft caused no detectable contraction or necrosis of the overlying skin, whereas all burn wounds contracted. Measurements of wounds (percentage of original wound size) showed statistically significant differences between the following treatments; (a) graft plus Biobrane (N = 10), 34%; (b) no graft plus Biobrane (N = 9), 25%; (c) untreated burns (N = 6), 16%. Semi-quantitative evaluation of time to healing indicated by spontaneous detachment of Biobrane from wounds showed that grafted, excised wounds healed in an average of 2.7 weeks, while ungrafted, excised wounds required an average of 4.3 weeks to heal. Histological appearance of healed wounds after grafting and coverage with Biobrane resembles undamaged skin without epidermal adnexal structures. Excision of full-thickness burn eschar, followed by grafting with a collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate dermal skin substitute and coverage with Biobrane provides reduced wound contraction within a six-week period of observation compared to non-excised wounds. Both more rapid and more complete wound healing took place compared to excised wounds that were not grafted.     

Histologic study of artificial skin used in the treatment of full-thickness thermal injury

Integra artificial skin is an effective means of treatment for full-thickness burns. In extensive burn injury the use of such skin substitutes may become the treatment of choice. The artificial skin consists of a dermal substitute of bovine collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate and an epidermal layer of synthetic polysiloxane polymer (Silastic). Serial biopsy specimens were obtained from 131 patients during a period of 7 days to 2 years after application. In this histologic study, six sequential phases of repair were discerned. In addition, there were occasional unusual histologic features, eosinophilic infiltration, and/or macrophage-derived giant cell formation in the wound area; however, such findings did not clinically correlate with a negative response to Integra artificial skin. Good repair was obtained, with rare exceptions. An intact dermis was achieved as well as definitive closure of a complete epidermal layer with a minimum of scarring.     

全层皮肤缺损创面移植异种脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮重塑基底膜的实验观察

背景异种脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植修复全层皮肤缺损创面取得了良好的效果,但对移植后基底膜的重塑尚不十分清楚.目的观察异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植模型中基底膜重塑的变化规律.设计随机对照实验研究.地点和材料动物实验在上海市烧伤研究所完成,指标检测在上海第二医科大学细胞生物学教研室完成.清洁级雄性SD大鼠(由中国医学科学院上海实验动物中心提供),体质量200～250 g.干预将SD大鼠随机分为两组,每组42只.所有动物均饲养在层流房间内,恒定的湿度与温度,单笼饲养.A组单纯移植薄自体皮组;B组脱细胞猪真皮基质(江苏启东医疗用品研究所提供)+薄自体皮复合移植.将异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植于大鼠创面,分别于移植后1,2,3,4,8,12,16周留取标本,采用免疫组化、透射电镜等方法.主要观察指标观察基底膜中层粘连蛋白的变化规律及12周时基底膜的超微结构,同时以单纯薄自体皮移植进行对照.结果B组移植后1,2,3,4,8,12,16周,层粘连蛋白的表达分别为88.32±2.72,89.22±2.16,88.84±3.43,93.49 ±4.59,87.57±3.33,95.87±1.84,86.57±2.45,A组分别为78.96±1.68,85.37±5.41,82.49±3.73,84.27±2.69,72.88±3.57,88.19±3.36,82.82±2.86,12周时复合皮移植组基底膜结构清晰连续,而单纯移植薄自体皮组基底膜模糊、不连续.结论异种脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植后,基底膜中层粘连蛋白表达增高,可能有利于复合皮移植后基底膜的重塑,增强表皮和真皮之间的连接,进而改善创面愈合质量.