我国灾害护理学及灾害护理教育现状分析与启示

通过反思我国灾害护理学及灾害护理教育的现状,建议借鉴日本灾害护理学发展经验,促进我国灾害护理学的构建和灾害护理教育的发展.     

我国灾害护理学及灾害护理教育现状分析与启示

通过反思我国灾害护理学及灾害护理教育的现状,建议借鉴日本灾害护理学发展经验,促进我国灾害护理学的构建和灾害护理教育的发展。     

护理专业加强灾害护理教育的思考

面对各种灾害和挑战,加强灾害护理教育迫在眉睫,笔者论述了护理专业开展灾害护理教育的必要性及意义,就在护理专业开展灾害护理教育提出了初步设想:将灾害护理学设置为必修课;将灾害护理内容纳入继续教育;加强灾害护理教师队伍建设;加强国际间灾害护理学的交流.推进我国灾害医学和灾害护理学的发展.     

日本灾害护理学的发展与现状

近年来,世界范围内各种灾害的发生逐渐呈大规模、长期化的趋势.在灾后的救援活动中,由于护理人员所具有的专业知识与技能,护士总是同其他专业人员共同战斗在救灾活动的第一线.在9·11恐怖事件之后,世界各国在灾害护理方面也开始有了新的动向.现阶段灾害护理学还是一门新的学科,起步较晚,正处于理论的发展、形成和壮大的时期.本文将重点介绍灾害护理学形成的历史背景、灾害和灾害护理的定义,以及日本灾害护理的发展、现状以及今后所面临的课题.     

日本灾害护理学的发展对我国灾害护理教育的启示

日本作为自然灾害多发的国家,对灾害护理的研究处于领先地位。本文通过借鉴日本灾害护理学建立和发展的经验,反思我国灾害护理教育的现状,为我国灾害护理学的构建和灾害护理教育的发展提供理论依据。     

护士在灾害应对中的作用研究进展

介绍了护士在灾害应对中的作用研究进展,为明晰护士在灾害应对中的角色、行为及职责提供了依据,有助于灾害护理教育内容的确立、灾害护理教育体系的构建并推进灾害护理学的发展.     

我国灾害护理研究进展

本文在中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库中,对国内期刊正式发表的灾害护理文献进行检索,综述了灾害护理的相关概念及近年来我国灾害护理相关研究进展,包括灾害护理教育相关研究,护理人员灾害护理认知水平、态度及需求相关研究,灾害护理能力相关研究,以期为我国灾害护理学的进一步研究和发展提供理论依据。     

关于灾害护理学纳入护理教育体系的思考

随着全世界灾害事件数目的增多和影响的扩大,灾害医学渐渐引起了人们的注意,它的出现和发展为护理人员开拓了一个全新的领域,提出了一个全新的课题,作为一门新兴学科,灾害护理学逐渐受到世界各国的重视[1].     

日本灾害护理博士培养项目介绍及启示

该文介绍了日本灾害护理博士培养项目(共同灾害护理专攻项目),此项目整合有限的灾害护理师资力量,为培养具有全球视野的灾害护理学博士人才提供了新的教育思路。我国灾害护理学博士教育可以借鉴这种创新的培养模式得以发展。     

构建灾害护理学教育体系的思考

灾害护理,即系统、灵活地应用有关灾害护理独特的知识和技能,同时与其他专业领域开展合作,为减轻灾害对人类的生命、健康所构成的危害而开展的活动[1].近30年来,伴随着各种高新技术的迅速发展,各种危重急症、意外伤害、突发事件、灾害事故不断发生.灾害护理学就是伴随着越来越多的突发事件而产生的.然而灾害护理学作为一门新的学科,起步较晚,现正处于理论的形成、发展和壮大阶段.因此,护理人员应认识到构建灾害护理学教育体系的必要性和紧迫性,为我国的灾害救援输送合格人才.     

A proposed model for military disaster nursing

There is a dearth of literature examining models related to nursing disaster preparedness and response, particularly in military nursing. Several recent articles address lessons learned by nurses who worked through wars and disasters, and these experiences can be used as a basis for a proposed model of military disaster nursing. This article will (a) review the literature about disaster nursing, including general disaster responses by nurses, disaster responses in military nursing, and research about military nurses and disaster response, (b) describe the uniqueness of the military environment, and (c) propose a model for military disaster nursing that can be evaluated for future implementation. Research about individual nurse readiness for deployment during disasters is also incorporated into the proposed model. Future research is needed to test the model and examine its relevance to military, as well as civilian nursing for future disasters.     

Disaster nursing in a ubiquitous society

This plan, in order to develop a center of excellence on disaster nursing in a ubiquitous society, focuses on preparing for disasters, the period immediately after disasters, and the mid‐ to long‐term period after disasters. The purpose of this project is to develop self‐care abilities of communities and individuals to independently regenerate and recover from the consequences of disasters. This project consists of three research sections: (i) establishment of an information base; (ii) establishment of nursing support networks; and (iii) development of nursing care strategies. By using questionnaires, interviews and the action research method, the research will be conducted to cover three sections. The six outcomes such as to construct an information liaison system, to develop nursing care strategies, and others will be expected 5 years later.     

汶川地震后护理人员灾害康复护理继续教育需求的调查研究

目的了解汶川地震灾后护理人员灾害康复护理继续教育的需求,分析其原因,并提出对策。方法自行设计护理人员灾害康复护理继续教育需求问卷调查表,对四所医院包括骨科、康复科、ICU、内科、外科、急诊科的170名护理人员进行调查。结果汶川地震灾后护理人员灾害康复护理知识匮乏,有继续教育需求者总体百分率为81.8%,各子条目的继续教育需求百分率为84.7%～91.8%。显示继续教育需求较高。结论中国灾害康复护理的发展需要一支高效的、专业的灾害康复护理队伍;在经历了地震灾害救援和漫长的康复过程之后,有待进一步总结经验,探索中国灾害康复护理的发展之路。     

Earthquake relief: Iranian nurses' responses in Bam, 2003, and lessons learned

BACKGROUND: Man-made or natural disasters appear to be occurring more frequently around the world. It is important that nurses in all specialties should be prepared to care for people affected by disasters. AIM: To explore Iranian Registered Nurses' experiences in disaster relief in the Bam earthquake, Iran in 2003. METHODS: This study was qualitative with 13 participant nurses. Data were obtained through semi-structured serial interviews and analysed using the latent content method. FINDINGS: Three general themes emerged: (a) the need for previously prepared practical protocols, (b) the need for qualified and real teamworking in the situation, and (c) the need to establish periodic comprehensive training programmes in disaster relief nursing. CONCLUSION: It has become urgent for health agencies and related public services to collaborate, and for all health professionals to become knowledgeable about disaster preparedness. Crisis management, which has become more prevalent for many organizations, is an important strategic initiative for nursing, helping them provide the infrastructure to respond effectively to emergencies and unpredictable events. It is important in today's world that hospital and nursing organizations develop a strategic system to handle disaster situations.     

护理管理应急预案体系在救治突发灾害群体伤患者中的应用

目的探讨运用护理管理应急预案体系在救治突发灾害群体伤患者中的应用效果。方法建立应急预案体系,包括建立院内转运无缝隙工作模式,实施病房护理管理规范化、危重患者护理专科化和护理个性化的护理。结果本组139例患者均治愈出院,有效抢救时间(33.5±19.6)min,抢救成功率100.0%。结论护理管理应急预案体系的建立和实施使突发灾害群体伤患者能得到及时有效的抢救和护理,提高了抢救成功率。     

Nursing in disasters: A review of existing models

BackgroundSince nurses play an important role in responding to disasters, evaluating their knowledge on common patterns of disasters is a necessity. This study examined researches conducted using disaster nursing as well as the models adopted. It provides a critical analysis of the models available for disaster nursing.MethodsInternational electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), and Google Scholar were investigated with no limitation on type of articles, between 1st January 1980 and 31st January 2016. The search terms and strategy were as follows: (Disaster¹ OR Emergenc¹) AND (Model OR Theory OR Package OR Pattern) AND (Nursing OR Nurse¹). They were applied for titles, abstracts and key words. This resulted in the generation of disaster nursing models.ResultsOut of the 1983 publications initially identified, the final analysis was conducted on 8 full text articles. These studies presented seven models. These evinced a diverse set of models with regard to the domains and the target population.ConclusionsAlthough, disaster nursing models will inform disaster risk reduction strategies, attempts to systematically do so are in preliminary phases. Further investigation is needed to develop a domestic nursing model in the event of disasters.     

非现役文职护士灾害救护核心能力体系的构建

目的构建非现役文职护士灾害救护核心能力体系。方法运用Delphi专家咨询法,对21名专家进行3轮问卷调查,构建非现役文职护士灾害救护核心能力体系。结果确定的非现役文职护士灾害救护核心能力体系包括4个一级指标（自身能力准备、急救护理能力、灾害救护应对能力、灾后护理能力）、33个二级指标;咨询专家积极系数为100％,权威程度为0．89,33个条目的变异系数为0．026-0．122,专家协调系数达到可接受程度。结论Delphi法构建的非现役文职护士灾害救护核心能力具有较高的科学性和可靠性,可为编制应急预案、编写灾害护理教材、实施有针对性的培训以提高军队医院的卫勤保障救护能力提供依据。     

We Stop for No Storm: Coping with an Environmental Disaster and Public Health Research

Coping with natural disasters is part of the public nurses' role, and the public health nursing (PHN) researcher is doubly challenged with continuing to conduct community‐based research in the midst of the disaster. The PHN may provide service along with attempting to continue the research. The challenges faced by public/community health nurse researchers as a result of hurricane Ike are discussed to provide lessons for other public/community health researchers who may be affected by natural disasters in the future. It is important to consider challenges for recruitment and retention of research subjects after a disaster, impact of natural disasters on ongoing research, and opportunities for research to be found in coping with natural disasters. A community‐based study that was in progress at the time of hurricane Ike will be used as an example for coping with a natural disaster. We will present “lessons learned” in the hope of helping researchers consider what can go wrong with research studies in the midst of natural disasters and how to proactively plan for keeping research reliable and valid when natural disasters occur. We will also discuss the opportunities for collaborations between researchers and the community following any disaster.