皮肤鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌中细胞凋亡及c-fos、BNIP1表达

目的观察皮肤鳞状细胞癌(鳞癌)和基底细胞癌(基癌)中细胞凋亡及其与c-fos、BNIP1表达的关系。方法应用原位末端标记和原位杂交技术检测48例皮肤鳞癌和41例基癌标本中细胞凋亡及C-fos、BNIP1 mRNA表达。结果鳞癌中凋亡指数(AI)、c-fos mRNA表达明显高于基癌(P＜0．01),但BNIP1 mRNA表达在二者间的差异无显著性(P＞0．05)。AI在高分化鳞癌中明显增多(P＜0．05),但C-fos表达以低分化鳞癌更为明显(P＜0．05)。鳞癌中AI与c-fos、BNIP1表达呈显著正相关(P＜0．05)。结论鱗癌中细胞凋亡增多与c-fos表达上调相关,BNIP1在鳞癌和基癌中可能起促凋亡作用。     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌中Basigin/CD147表达与肿瘤进展的相关性

目的 探讨Basigin/CD147在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(鳞癌)进展中的作用及其机制.方法 运用免疫组化方法检测36例浸润和复发/转移情况不同的原发皮肤鳞状细胞癌标本中Basigin和基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)的表达.运用免疫印迹和免疫荧光法观察Basigin在培养角质形成细胞和鳞状细胞癌细胞中的表达和定位.结果 有浸润和伴复发/转移的原发鳞癌肿瘤细胞中Basigin、MMP-1、MMP-2和MT1-MMP的表达显着增高.肿瘤细胞周围成纤维细胞中MMP-1、MMP-2和MT1-MMP的表达亦与原发鳞癌的复发/转移密切相关.肿瘤细胞膜上Basigin的表达与成纤维细胞中MMP-1、MMP-2、MMP-3和MT1-MMP的表达间显着相关.增高表达的Basigin主要分布于鳞癌细胞膜的微绒毛上.结论 鳞癌细胞膜上增高表达的Basigin/CD147可能与周围成纤维细胞作用,诱导其MMPs产生,并通过这一机制在鳞癌进展中发挥重要作用.     

基底鳞状细胞癌1例

基底鳞状细胞癌是指基底细胞癌中有鳞状细胞癌（简称鳞癌）的成分，占基底细胞癌的10%-20%，生长较快，临床表现同基底细胞癌，但转移同鳞癌，本病临床较为少见，1996年世界卫生组织将其列为独立病种。现将我们诊治的1例报告如下。     

组织蛋白酶D在皮肤鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌和脂溢性角化病的组织表达及其意义

目的：观察组织蛋白酶D（cathepsinD，CD）在皮肤鳞状细胞癌（SCC）、基底细胞癌（BCC）、脂溢性角化病（SK）的组织表达，分析其表达差异及其意义。方法：用免疫组化SP染色法检测CD在15例SCC、15例BCC、14例SK及10例正常对照皮肤组织中的表达。结果：CD在正常皮肤组织表达为阴性．在SK、BCC、SCC瘤组织中表达依次升高，在SCC、SK之间表达有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；CD在SK、BCC、SCC间质细胞表达阳性率分别为85．7％、66，7％、33．3％。结论：CD的表达水平可能与SCC侵袭和转移有关。     

Merkel细胞癌多瘤病毒阳性的皮肤原发性Merkel细胞癌二例

【摘要】 目的 报道Merkel细胞癌多瘤病毒阳性的Merkel细胞癌2例。 方法 对诊治的2例Merkel细胞癌进行光镜观察及免疫组化标记,聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测Merkel细胞癌多瘤病毒并测序。 结果 2例均为男性,例1右下肢胫前肿物1年余,皮肤科检查见右胫前密集粉红色结节,融合成10 cm × 8 cm肿块,质硬,部分表面糜烂伴渗出及结痂,肿块周围亦可见多个大小不一的红色结节,活动性差。例2左膝肿物6月余,皮肤科检查见左膝内侧5 cm × 4 cm紫蓝色结节型肿物,质硬,边界不清,活动性差。2例患者皮损组织病理表现相似,肿瘤细胞大小一致,细胞核大、深染,染色质细腻,核分裂象易见;胞质少,红染。免疫组化：广谱细胞角蛋白（pan-CK）、细胞角蛋白20（CK20）、突触素（Syn）、嗜铬素（CgA）和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）均阳性,Ki-67（≥60%）阳性;细胞角蛋白7（CK7）、S100蛋白、HMB45、CD34、甲状腺转录因子1（TTF-1）和白细胞共同抗原（LCA）表达均阴性。2例Merkel细胞癌均经PCR检测到Merkel细胞癌多瘤病毒,而5例皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、2例正常人皮肤和2例T细胞淋巴瘤细胞系MAC1和MAC2A均未检测到Merkel细胞癌多瘤病毒。 结论 Merkel细胞癌具有特征性的临床和组织病理表现,免疫组化标记、PCR检测Merkel细胞癌多瘤病毒对明确诊断具有重要作用。 【关键词】 癌,Merkel细胞; 多瘤病毒属     

体外培养人皮肤鳞状细胞癌A431细胞Smad2和Smad3 mRNA的表达

目的:探讨体外培养的人皮肤鳞状细胞癌(简称鳞癌)细胞的转化生长因子(TGF)β受体活化Smad--Smad2和Smad3 mRNA的表达水平.方法:采用反转录-实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应,分别检测体外培养的人皮肤鳞癌A431细胞与人皮肤角质形成细胞(HaCaT细胞)中Smad2和Smad3 mRNA的表达水平.结果:人皮肤鳞癌A431细胞Smad2和Smad3的mRNA表达水平均显著低于对照的角质形成细胞.结论:Smad2和Smad3表达下调不但见于人类皮肤鳞癌的在体形成过程中,还见于能持续传代的体外培养的鳞癌细胞中.Smad2和Smad3表达下调可能代表了鳞癌细胞所固有的TGF-B信号转导通路的异常变化.有助于鳞癌的形成.     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中HPV16 E6/E7的检测

目的 了解１６型人乳头瘤病毒Ｅ６／Ｅ７（ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６／Ｅ７）与皮肤鳞状细胞癌的关系。方法 原位杂交及免疫组织化学染色（ＳＡＢＣ）。结果 ６例患者的癌细胞中检测到ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６／Ｅ７,阳性信号主要出现在癌细胞的胞浆中。结论 ＨＰＶ１６Ｅ６／Ｅ７可能在皮肤鳞癌的发病中具有重要作用。     

ABCG2在人皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织及A431侧群细胞中的表达及意义

【摘要】 目的 探讨干细胞相关因子三磷酸腺苷（ATP）结合转运蛋白G超家族成员2（ATP-binding cassette transporter 2,ABCG2）在人皮肤鳞状细胞癌（鳞癌）组织及A431侧群细胞中的表达。方法 培养人A431细胞,流式细胞仪分选侧群细胞,噻唑蓝（MTT）实验比较侧群、非侧群细胞生长的增殖能力,逆转录PCR检测ABCG2在两者中的表达。免疫组化MaxVision法检测人鳞癌组织中ABCG2表达情况。结果 A431细胞系中存在侧群细胞,约占总细胞数的1.1%。侧群细胞具有较强的生长能力以及克隆形成能力,侧群组和非侧群组24孔板内每孔克隆形成数分别为114.8 ± 4.95和44.5 ± 3.67（t = 27.92,P ＜ 0.01）,且侧群细胞ABCG2 mRNA表达量明显高于非侧群细胞（t = 5.22,P ＜ 0.01）。在人鳞癌组织中存在少量ABCG2阳性细胞,ABCG2蛋白主要表达在细胞胞质和胞膜上。结论 人鳞癌细胞A431中存在具有干细胞特性的侧群细胞,高表达ABCG2。ABCG2可作为鳞癌干细胞的表面标志物之一。     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌中细胞外基质的分布形式与意义

目的 观察细胞外基质中纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(鳞癌)中的分布形式,探讨其与癌生物学行为的关系.方法 用纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白、增殖细胞核抗原、p53抗体对50例皮肤鳞癌作免疫组化染色.结果 纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白在皮肤鳞癌中显示3种分布形式,不连续巢周型、碎片型、血管间质型,这3种分布形式与癌生长、分化、增殖密切相关,3例分化好的膨胀巢状生长,在癌巢周有连续线状纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白分布.结论 皮肤鳞癌中纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白明显减少,浸润性癌中不一定均有基膜缺乏,癌浸润后可能需经过灶性组织分化,再进一步浸润与转移,纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白的分布形式反应了癌的恶性程度.     

色素痣冷冻后发生基底细胞癌2例

色素痣冷冻后发生基底细胞癌２例邹勇莉，李金兰，孙冬菊（昆明医学院附一院皮肤科，６５００３１）冷冻一般认为是治疗色素痣较为安全，有效的方法之一；对基底细胞癌，鳞状细胞癌及表皮内鳞癌亦有卓越疗效，治愈率达８０％以上。但是我们有２例色素痣经冷冻治疗却发生基...     

CD-10 immunostaining differentiates superficial basal cell carcinoma from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are common entities in clinical practice. Their distinction can be difficult clinically as well as histologically. CD10 or common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) is a metallomembrane endopeptidase expressed on a variety of normal and neoplastic cells. We sought to determine if the CD10 immunostain could have diagnostic utility in distinguishing between early superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CD10 was strongly expressed in 14 out of 14 superficial BCCs and failed to express in 2 out of 2 deeply infiltrative BCCs. CD10 was negative in the tumor cells in 13 out of 13 superficially invasive SCCs and SCC in situ. CD10 expressed weakly in the surrounding stromal cells of 2 out of 13 SCCs. These findings support the utility of CD10 as a marker for early BCC, especially when SCC cannot be excluded clinically or by conventional stains. Furthermore, these results implicate CD10 in the pathogenesis of BCC.     

Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: dual differentiations to rare basosquamous and spindle cell variants

Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is defined as a tumor containing the areas of both basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a transition zone linking the two. Spindle cell squamous carcinoma (SCSC) may have a variable component of conventional SCC and spindle cells. We present a case of an 89-year-old woman with an eruption on the scalp for several decades. Grossly, the lesion measured 8.5 x 6.0 x 1.8 cm and consisted of a gray-white and focally black tumor. Microscopically, a non-ulcerated upper part of the tumor consisted of large polygonal squamoid cells with occasional keratinization (SCC), trabecular growth of basaloid cells with peripheral palisading (BCC), and an area in which both the components were intermingled. The rest of the tumor was a myxoid area with elongated fusiform spindle cells, which appeared to arise from conventional SCC. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells in the SCSC (both conventional and spindle cell) area co-expressed CAM5.2, and vimentin. Ber-EP4 was positive in the BCC area with the transition zone of SCC and BCC showing diminished staining. Epithelial membrane antigen was focally positive in the conventional SCC area. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of SCC of the skin that has dual differentiations to BSC and SCSC.     

Multiple lesions of granular cell basal cell carcinoma: a case report

Granular cell change in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) occurs rarely. Only 11 such cases have been reported; all of them were solitary nodular BCC. We report herein a case of multiple granular cell BCC with infundibulocystic features. The tumors presented as papules on the anterior neck of a 44‐year‐old female with a prior history of a well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue and radiation involving the area in which BCC developed. Microscopically, the tumors were circumscribed small dermal nodules composed of epithelial cords with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and entrapped infundibular keratocysts. Given the eosinophilic appearance of the tumor, history of SCC and the lesions multiplicity, the initial biopsy was first interpreted as metastatic SCC. The correct diagnosis of granular cell BCC was established upon rereview of the slides at a cancer center. Given the diagnostic controversy, immunohistochemical stains were performed. The tumor cells expressed Ber‐EP4, CD63 (NKI/C3) and CD68. The tumors were compared to the prior SCC finding different morphologies. Extensive clinical evaluation showed no evidence of recurrent SCC. This report expands the clinicopathologic spectrum of granular cell variant of BCC and documents for the first time eruption of multiple such tumors in a localized area.     

Heat shock protein 105 is overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma and extramammary Paget disease but not in basal cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Heat shock protein (HSP) 105 is a 105-kDa protein, recently discovered by serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries prepared from tumour cells (SEREX), and is still undergoing intensive research. SEREX can define strongly immunogenic tumour antigens that elicit both cellular and humoral immunity. Previous studies have shown that HSP105 is a cancer testis antigen and is overexpressed in various internal malignancies. The expression of HSP105 has not been studied in skin cancers. OBJECTIVES: To assess the expression of HSP105 in skin cancers including extramammary Paget disease (EMPD), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). METHODS: Samples of EMPD (n = 25), SCC (n = 23, of which three were metastatic lesions) and BCC (n = 23) were collected from patients treated in our department between January 2002 and December 2004. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining methods were used to investigate the expression of HSP105. RESULTS: Results of Western blot analysis showed overexpression of HSP105 in EMPD and SCC, and minimal expression in BCC. Immunohistochemistry results showed that 56% of EMPD, 60% of primary and 100% of metastatic SCC highly expressed HSP105 while only 13% of BCC lesions showed increased staining. CONCLUSIONS: EMPD and SCC overexpress HSP105 while BCC does not. Tumours overexpressing HSP105 present ideal candidates for vaccination by HSP105-derived peptides or DNA.     

Marjolin''s ulcer: immunohistochemical study of 17 cases and comparison with common squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens of 17 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of Marjolin's ulcer (SCC-MU), 6 cases of common SCC (SCC), and 5 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) were stained with three monoclonal antikeratin antibodies (CAM 5.2, MAK-6, and MA-903), a monoclonal antivimentin antibody (V9), and a polyclonal anticarcinoembryonic antigen antiserum (A115). Neoplastic cells of SCC-MU, SCC, and BCC showed consistently negative staining for CAM 5.2. A wide range of reactivity, from negative to diffuse strong positivity, among neoplastic cells of SCC-MU and SCC was noted with MAK-6. Alternatively, neoplastic cells of SCC-MU, SCC, and BCC consistently showed diffuse moderate to strong reactivity with MA-903. These findings imply that SCC-MU has largely high-molecular-weight keratins. They also showed a wide range of reactivity with V9. However, neoplastic cells of five of the six SCC and five cases of BCC were negative for V9. These findings suggest that neoplastic cells of SCC-MU contain vimentin in higher frequency than in the more usual SCC.     

SGK1在日光性角化病、基底细胞癌及鳞状细胞癌中的表达

目的：检测SGK1在日光性角化病（AK）、基底细胞癌（BCC）及鳞状细胞癌（SCC）中的表达。方法：采用免疫组化SABC法检测SGK1在25例正常皮肤(NS)、25例AK、28例BCC、28例皮肤鳞状细胞癌标本中的表达。结果：NS、AK、BCC和SCC标本中,SGK1阳性细胞率分别为（40.03±14.42）%,（36.63±14.28）%,（52.82±18.73）%和（52.58±20.13）%。BCC组和SCC组分别与NS组比较,差异均有统计学意义（Ps<0.05）。各组SGK1染色阳性细胞率>50%的标本分别为6例（24%）,3例（12%）,16例（57.14%）和14例（50%）,BCC组和SCC组分别与NS组比较,差异均有统计学意义（Ps<0.05）。结论：SGK1的高表达可能与基底细胞癌及鳞状细胞癌的发病有关。     

Overexpression of phosphorylated-STAT3 correlated with the invasion and metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

In order to evaluate the possible effects of STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of E-cadherin on metastasis of some human epidermal non-melanoma cutaneous tumors, the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and E-cadherin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and seborrhoeic keratosis (SK). An immunohistochemistry staining technique was employed to measure the expression of p-STAT3 and E-cadherin protein in 30 cases of cutaneous SCC, 20 cases of BCC, 20 cases of SK, and 20 specimens of normal skin. The results were as follows: 1) p-STAT3 protein was abnormally increased in SCC as compared to normal skin and SK (p<0.001). Expression of p-STAT3 in SCC was also significantly higher than in BCC (p<0.05). 2) Expression of p-STAT3 was higher in poorly-differentiated SCC than in well-differentiated ones (p<0.05). The positive rate of the expression of p-STAT3 correlated well with the depth of tumor invasion and with metastasis (p<0.05), but there was no correlation between the positive rate and tumor size. 3) E-cadherin was strongly expressed on the cell membranes of normal skin and SK, especially on basal cells. E-cadherin was weakly expressed on cell membranes of SCC and BCC (p<0.001), whereas its expression was significantly lower in SCC than in BCC (p<0.05). In SCC, the intensity of E-cadherin expression was correlated with the extent of tumor differentiation, but there was no correlation between the expression intensity and the depth of tumor invasion or tumor size. 4) There was a negative correlation between the expression intensity of p-STAT3 and E-cadherin in SCC (rs=-0.372, p<0.05). We concluded that the overexpression of p-STAT3 may have an important role in the development of epidermal tumors. Abnormal activation of STAT3 may be related to metastasis potential in SCC and the simultaneous detection of p-STAT3 and E-cadherin may contribute to predicating the prognosis in SCC.     

Expression of CD10 in basal cell carcinoma

We investigated the expression of CD10 by an immunohistochemical method in 51 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), eight pilomatricomas, five trichoblastomas, two trichofolliculomas, three sebaceomas, five sebaceous carcinomas, ten syringomas, two spiradenomas, ten poromas, four porocarcinomas, one eccrine duct carcinoma (not otherwise specified, NOS), six mixed tumors of apocrine origin, and nine squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). We detected strong expression of CD10 in tumor cells of BCC (86%), and found that the smaller the number of positive tumor cells, the larger the number of positive stromal cells, in particular in sclerosing BCCs. Spearman's rank correlation test revealed a significant negative correlation in BCCs between the expression of CD10 in tumor cells and that in stromal cells (P = 0.001). In all pilomatricomas (100%) and in four trichoblastomas (80%), strong expression was also detected in tumor cells. There was no detectable expression in trichofolliculomas. One sebaceoma (33%) and two sebaceous carcinomas (40%) expressed CD10 in a similar fashion to BCCs. All tumors of eccrine gland origin, including syringoma, spiradenoma, poroma, porocarcinoma, and eccrine duct carcinoma (NOS), did not express CD10. Five mixed tumors (83%) were immunopositive. In SCC, CD10 was overexpressed only in the stromal cells. These findings support the hypothesis that BCC is derived from the folliculo-sebaceous apocrine unit, especially having the same origin as trichoblastoma and pilomatricoma. CD10 might be an indicator of tumor invasiveness if it is expressed in stromal cells, while it might be a marker of follicular differentiation if it is expressed in the actual tumor cells of cutaneous epithelial neoplasms.     

七种细胞角蛋白在皮肤上皮性肿瘤中的表达

目的 观察7种细胞角蛋白在皮肤上皮性肿瘤中的表达,并探讨其意义.方法 应用免疫组化S-P法对54例不同的皮肤上皮性肿瘤和20例正常皮肤进行细胞角蛋白7(K72.2)、细胞角蛋白8(C-51)、细胞角蛋白10(DE-K10)、细胞角蛋白14(LL002)、细胞角蛋白17(E3)、细胞角蛋白18(DC10)、细胞角蛋白19(KS19.1)标记,观察不同细胞角蛋白的表达.结果 54例皮肤上皮性肿瘤包括,鳞状细胞癌10例、基底细胞癌10例、毛发肿瘤19例、皮脂腺癌2例、汗腺肿瘤13例.皮肤上皮性肿瘤中7种细胞角蛋白的表达和分布有所不同.鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌和毛发分化的肿瘤中细胞角蛋白多数呈弥漫表达;而汗腺分化的肿瘤中,不同部位表达不同细胞角蛋白,每种肿瘤各有特点.结论 选择地检测一组细胞角蛋白的联合表达,有助于皮肤上皮性肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断.