慢性自发性荨麻疹患者血清特异性IgE抗体与自体血清皮肤试验的关系

目的：比较慢性自发性荨麻疹(CSU)患者血清特异性IgE抗体检测结果与自体血清皮肤试验(ASST)的关系,探讨ASST的临床意义。方法：对305例慢性自发性荨麻疹患者同时进行血清特异性IgE抗体检测及自体血清皮肤试验(ASST),对两组的阳性率进行统计分析。结果：305例CSU患者螨虫组合(屋尘螨/粉尘螨)血清特异性IgE抗体与ASST总阳性率分别为47.87%和58.03%,ASST阳性组和阴性组中螨虫组合血清特异性IgE抗体阳性率分别为34.46%和66.41%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ASST阳性程度与对应螨虫、屋尘、狗、大豆、虾血清特异性IgE抗体检测水平呈负相关性(P<0.05)。结论：CSU患者部分常见变应原血清特异性IgE抗体与自体血清皮肤试验结果呈负相关,建议将ASST纳入常规CSU临床检测,ASST阳性的患者可以不进行血清特异性IgE抗体检测。     

奥马珠单抗治疗难治性慢性自发性荨麻疹的疗效预判分析

目的探索预测奥马珠单抗治疗难治性慢性自发性荨麻疹(CSU)疗效的因子。方法收集2019—2021年苏州大学附属第二医院皮肤科门诊和病房收治的经奥马珠单抗治疗的难治性CSU患者40例, 收集患者的临床资料、治疗前7天荨麻疹活动度评分(UAS7)、皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)。治疗前测定基线免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、嗜酸性粒细胞及嗜碱性粒细胞数、IgG型抗甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)抗体、平均血小板体积、C反应蛋白、D-二聚体、补体C3、C4、白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17A、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平、CD4+ T细胞及CD8+ T细胞百分比, 并进行自体血清皮肤试验(ASST)。奥马珠单抗治疗12周后, 根据UAS7评分将40例CSU患者分为应答良好组和应答不佳组, 比较两组患者上述指标的差异。采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析两组间差异有统计学意义的连续型变量指标, 测定预测因子的准确度并确定连续型变量指标的最佳临界值;对组间差异有统计学意义的分类变量, 计算其预测应答不佳的灵敏度和特异度;采用Pearson相关分析法分析各...     

自体血清皮肤试验在慢性荨麻疹的应用进展

自体血清皮肤试验(ASST)是筛选慢性荨麻疹患者是否存在自身反应的特异性和敏感性方法之一,但目前尚无统一的试验操作流程和标准的结果判定方法.经典的判断标准是以自体血清皮内注射后诱导的风团或红晕与原有皮丘或阴性对照的平均直径差≥1.5 mm定义为阳性,这种方法的缺陷是不能对结果进行阳性程度分级.ASST阳性的慢性荨麻疹比ASST阴性者风团更大、瘙痒更明显、病程更长、治疗需用的抗组胺药更多,且与多种自身免疫性疾病有更密切的关系.临床应用中慢性荨麻疹患者进行ASST检测对慢性荨麻疹的病因探讨、临床分型和治疗均有重要指导作用.     

178例急性自发性荨麻疹转归为慢性的危险因素回顾性分析

目的：分析影响急性自发性荨麻疹（ASU）转归为慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU）的危险因素。方法：回顾性分析本院2018年11月至2019年10月178例ASU患者的人口学信息、发病季节、初发病程、自诉可疑过敏原、自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）、7日荨麻疹活动度评分（UAS7）、血常规、血清总IgE测定、治疗药物，Logistic回归分析ASU转归为CSU的危险因素。结果：178例ASU中42例（23.60%）转归为CSU,单因素分析自诉食物过敏（P<0.001）、 ASST试验阳性（P<0.001）、初发病程（P＜0.001）与ASU患者转归为CSU具有相关性；多因素Logistics回归分析示自诉食物过敏（P=0.029）、ASST试验阳性（P=0.043）、初发病程长（P＜0.001）均是影响ASU转归为CSU的独立危险因素。结论：食物过敏、ASST试验阳性、初发病程长是ASU患者转归为CSU的危险因素。     

136例慢性荨麻疹自体血清皮肤试验及实验室检测

目的：分析自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）及部分实验室检查指标与慢性荨麻疹（CSU）临床严重性？的相关性。方法：收集136 例CSU患者的临床资料,并进行ASST、血清总IgE、血浆D-二聚体、甲状腺功能及甲状腺抗体检测。结果：136例患者中总IgE升高37例,ASST阳性54例（39.7%）,其中ASST阳性患者病程45.27±65.67个月,明显长于ASST阴性患者的35.24±42.54个月（P＜0.01）。血浆D-二聚体升高49例（36%）,且与活动度评分（英文全称UAS）成正相关（P＜0.01, r=0.469）。患者抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体阳性24例(17.6%);甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体阳性14例(10.6%)。25例甲状腺功能异常患者中有9例ASST阳性。结论：ASST、血浆D-二聚体与CSU患者病情相关,而血清总IgE水平与病情无关。     

IL-17／IL-23炎症轴在慢性自发性荨麻疹中的表达及临床意义

目的：研究IL-17／IL-23炎症轴在慢性自发性荨麻疹（ CSU ）中的表达及临床意义。方法：用ELISA法检测并比较158例慢性自发性荨麻疹患者和121例健康者血清中IL-17、IL-23的表达水平;同时用自体血清皮肤实验（ASST）将CSU患者分成ASST（＋）和ASST（－）两组,检测并比较两组血清中IL-17、IL-23的表达水平。结果：CSU患者血清IL-17、IL-23水平较正常对照组表达明显升高（ t值分别为13.02、3.87,P值均＜0.01）,ASST（＋）的CSU患者血清中IL-17、IL-23水平较ASST（－）的CSU患者表达升高（t值分别为8.36、4.96,P值均＜0.01）。结论：IL-17／IL-23炎症轴在CSU的发病中起着重要作用,并可影响患者的自身免疫水平。     

慢性自发性荨麻疹患者自体血清皮肤试验与白细胞介素-18的关系

 目的:了解慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU）患者自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）与白细胞介素-18（IL-18）的关系，探讨慢性荨麻疹的发病机制。方法：对60例CSU患者（病例组）和30例健康者（对照组）分别进行ASST检查及采用ELISA法测定血清IL-18水平，并比较两组间的差别；同时比较病例组ASST阳性与阴性患者的血清IL-18水平。结果：病例组ASST阳性率为53.3%,对照组为3.3%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（X²=21.50，P<0.01）。病例组血清IL-18水平为(64.7±41.9) pg/mL,对照组为(44.9±15.7) pg/mL，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=2.50,P<0.05）。病例组ASST阳性32例，血清IL-18水平为(72.4±47.6) pg/mL,ASST阴性28例，IL-18水平为(48.7±25.3) pg/mL，两者差异有统计学意义（t=3.27,P<0.05）。结论：慢性自发性荨麻疹患者ASST阳性率及血清IL-18水平均升高， IL-18可能参与了慢性自发性荨麻疹的免疫发病机制。     

自体血清皮肤试验对诊断慢性荨麻疹的临床意义

目的 探讨慢性荨麻疹自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）的不同红斑风团反应读出结果与患者血清激发嗜碱粒细胞组胺释放和血清IgG型抗高亲和力IgE Fc受体α链（抗Fc?着RI）自身抗体含量的关系。方法 60例患者均符合慢性荨麻疹的诊断标准,ASST试验阳性结果判定参照Sabroe报告的标准,又依据红斑风团反应不同,进一步将Sabroe标准ASST阳性分为风团 + 红斑模式和单纯风团模式,将Sabroe标准ASST阴性分为单纯红斑模式与无反应模式。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对患者血清激发正常人外周血嗜碱粒细胞组胺释放能力和血清中抗Fc?着RI自身抗体含量进行测定。结果 60例慢性荨麻疹患者ASST测试阳性19例（31.7%）,其中表现风团 + 红斑模式16例和风团模式3例;ASST阴性41例,其中无反应模式38例和红斑模式3例。慢性荨麻疹患者ASST阳性血清刺激嗜碱粒细胞组胺释放率（33.83% ± 9.83%）较ASST阴性血清（4.06% ± 1.44%）显著升高（t = 5.13,P < 0.01）,且几乎是10 μmol/L趋化三肽（18.67% ± 1.77%）的2倍。仅ASST阳性（风团和红斑模式）的血清能检出高滴度的抗Fc?着RI自身抗体（757.64 ± 168.99 ng/L）,正常对照血清自身抗体含量仅为43.25 ± 16.63 ng/L。结论 ASST阳性（风团和红斑模式）提示血清中含有高滴度的抗Fc?着RI自身抗体,可考虑自身免疫性慢性荨麻疹的临床诊断。     

自体全血注射对自体血清皮肤试验阳性的难治性慢性自发性荨麻疹患者嗜碱性粒细胞FcεRⅠ与CD63表达的影响

【摘要】 目的 评估自体全血注射（AWBI）联合抗组胺药治疗对自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）阳性的难治性慢性自发性荨麻疹患者的临床疗效,并检测其对嗜碱性粒细胞高亲和力IgE受体（FcεRⅠ）以及CD63表达水平的影响,探讨AWBI治疗ASST阳性慢性荨麻疹的机制。方法 2017年11月至2018年6月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院皮肤科门诊收集ASST阳性的慢性难治性荨麻疹患者80例,随机数字表法分成AWBI组（40例）及对照组（40例）,两组均常规口服氯雷他定和依巴斯汀治疗,AWBI组同时接受AWBI治疗每周1次,共12次。治疗前及12周后评估两组周荨麻疹活动程度评分（UAS7）以及皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）。AWBI组30例在治疗前及第4、8、12周用流式细胞仪检测外周血嗜碱性粒细胞FcεRⅠ、CD63表达水平。采用GraphPad Prism7.00软件进行统计分析,两组UAS7和DLQI比较采用t检验,FcεRⅠα表达水平比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,不同时点指标两两比较采用Wilcoxon′s配对秩和检验,指标相关性采用Spearman相关分析。结果 AWBI组在治疗前及治疗后第12周UAS7分别为27.15 ± 4.53、14.25 ± 7.56,DLQI分别为16.88 ± 6.01、8.48 ± 4.15;对照组UAS7分别为26.90 ± 5.22、19.93 ± 6.32,DLQI分别为17.08 ± 6.79、13.93 ± 5.43。两组治疗前UAS7与DLQI评分差异均无统计学意义;治疗后两组UAS7与DLQI均较治疗前明显降低（均P < 0.01）,且AWBI组UAS7及DLQI评分显著低于对照组（均P < 0.01）。AWBI组患者治疗前和第4、8、12周时嗜碱性粒细胞FcεRⅠα荧光强度中位数（P25,P75）分别为22 532（16 740,29 220）、16 911（10 240,21 816）、13 282（7 600,16 848）与11 466（7 161,14 578）,ASST阳性血清诱导的CD63阳性嗜碱性粒细胞比例中位数（P25,P75）分别为35.25%（26.75%,49.13%）、25.95%（19.37%,37.54%）、13.57%（7.79%,19.57%）与9.87%（6.43%,16.52%）,治疗第4周时嗜碱性粒细胞FcεRⅠα与CD63表达水平均较基线显著降低,且第8周较第4周亦显著降低（均P < 0.01）。AWBI治疗前至第4周、第4 ~ 8周以及第8 ~ 12周FcεRⅠα的变化值与ASST阳性血清诱导的CD63变化值均呈不同程度正相关,r值分别为0.364、0.422、0.455,均P < 0.05。结论 AWBI联合抗组胺药有助于改善ASST阳性难治性慢性自发性荨麻疹的临床症状,并且可能通过影响嗜碱性粒细胞FcεRⅠ以及CD63表达水平发挥作用。     

慢性荨麻疹患者粉尘螨变应原皮肤点刺反应与自体血清皮肤反应的关系

目的 探讨自体血清的自身反应和粉尘螨诱发的变态反应在慢性荨麻疹（CU）发病中的作用和相关性。方法 对831例CU患者同时进行自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）及粉尘螨皮肤点刺实验（SPT）,对ASST与粉尘螨变应原阳性之间的相关性进行分析。结果 831例CU患者ASST和粉尘螨的总阳性率分别为51.74%和64.62%,ASST阳性组和阴性组粉尘螨SPT阳性率分别为56.52%和73.86%,两组差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。ASST阳性组中ASST阳性程度和粉尘螨SPT阳性程度呈负相关性（P < 0.05）。结论 自体血清皮肤反应和粉尘螨变应原诱发的变态反应均在慢性荨麻疹的发病机制中呈负相关,对CU患者同时进行变应原和ASST检测有助于临床分型和治疗。     

Factors linked to disease severity and time to remission in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Biomarkers useful for the evaluation and management of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are not currently available. A review of various clinical and laboratory markers that have been studied to assess their value for determining the severity or predicting the evolution of disease in adult patients with CSU was carried out. A search of the medical literature on PubMed and MEDLINE including the terms urticaria, chronic urticaria, chronic idiopathic urticaria, CSU, severity, prognosis and treatment was performed. Based on our review of the literature, among the clinical markers studied, higher age at onset, being female, long disease duration and aspirin/NSAID hypersensitivity may be linked to both severe CSU and a long time to spontaneous remission. In addition, a positive autologous serum skin test (ASST) may be associated with severe CSU, and comorbidity of inducible urticaria and concomitant recurrent angio‐oedema may be linked to longer CSU duration. Potential biomarkers of CSU severity and/or duration include basophil numbers and susceptibility to activation, inflammatory markers, markers of activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, immunoglobulin E and vitamin D. Although the described markers are promising, further studies on representative and well‐characterized patient populations are needed to determine the value of these clinical and biological markers for predicting the severity and course of disease in patients with CSU.     

154例慢性自发性 荨麻疹患者自体血清皮肤试验结果分析

目的探讨慢性自发性荨麻疹患者自体血清皮肤试验在临床中的应用价值。方法对154例慢性自发性荨麻疹患者及30名健康志愿者做自体血清皮肤试验,并对结果进行分析。结果 154例患者中67例(43.5%)患者检出阳性结果,对照组全部阴性;自体血清皮肤试验阳性与阴性的慢性自发性荨麻疹患者在性别、年龄分布及病程上差异无统计学意义(P0.05),自体血清皮肤试验阳性的慢性自发性荨麻疹患者症状评分及瘙痒持续时间明显高于阴性患者(P0.05),自体血清皮肤试验阳性程度与瘙痒持续时间呈正相关(P0.05)。自体血清皮肤试验阳性的慢性自发性荨麻疹患者伴发过敏史(药物、食物、吸入物)的比例高于阴性的患者(P0.05)。结论自体血清皮肤试验阳性的慢性自发性荨麻疹患者较阴性者病情重,该试验作为慢性荨麻疹功能性自身抗体的筛选试验可在临床上广泛应用。     

Endostatin and Thrombospondin-1 levels are increased in the sera of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common disease characterized by recurrent itchy wheals and/or angioedema for more than 6 weeks. Increased levels of the pro-angiogenic mediator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been described in skin disorders, such as chronic urticaria (CU), psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Up to now, no data on the role of VEGF endogenous inhibitors Endostatin (ES) and Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in CU are available. The aim of our study is to investigate the potential involvement of ES and TSP-1 in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The levels of ES and TSP-1 were measured in the sera of 106 adult patients with CSU and 98 healthy subjects by enzyme immunoassays. The serum levels of the anti-angiogenic mediators ES and TSP-1 resulted significantly higher in CSU than in control subjects. Analysis of these mediators in CSU sub-groups, defined by the results of the autologous serum skin test (ASST), identified a significant increase of ES and TSP-1 in both ASST-positive and ASST-negative sub-groups as compared to the controls. Levels of ES and TSP-1 do not parallel the disease severity in CSU. Our study suggests that the extracellular matrix (ECM) fragments ES and TSP-1 with anti-angiogenic activity play a potential role in the pathogenesis of CSU but do not parallel disease activity.     

Serum interleukin-18 in patients with chronic ordinary urticaria: association with disease activity

Interleukin (IL)-18 is a pleiotropic cytokine, which may play a role in autoimmune and allergic disorders. Serum IL-18 levels were measured in 34 patients with chronic ordinary urticaria (COU) and 17 normal subjects. In vivo and in vitro assays for histamine-releasing factors, an autologous serum skin test (ASST) and a basophil histamine release assay were also performed for all patients with COU. Serum IL-18 concentration was not significantly different between patients with COU and normal subjects (mean+/-standard error of the mean 246.47+/-18.40 pg/mL vs. 213.88+/-22.24 pg/mL), and no significant difference was found between ASST-positive and ASST-negative patients. However, in ASST-positive patients, IL-18 levels paralleled clinical severity scores and showed a tendency to correlate with in vitro histamine release. The increased IL-18 levels in the ASST-positive patients with most active chronic urticaria may reflect stronger immune system activation and possibly an involvement of IL-18 as a direct histamine-releasing factor.     

自体血清皮肤试验阳性慢性荨麻疹与HLA-DRB1基因的相关性研究

目的 探讨广西地区自体血清皮肤试验阳性慢性荨麻疹与HLA-DRB1等位基因遗传易感性的关系。 方法 对144例广西地区慢性荨麻疹患者进行自体血清皮肤试验,按试验结果分为阳性组62例,阴性组82例。采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物方法,对患者组和199例正常人对照组进行HLA-DRB1等位基因的分型,并分析DRB1基因在3个组中的分布。使用SPSS13.0统计软件分析。结果DRB1*01、*1401、*16等位基因频率在阳性组、阴性组和正常人对照组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（χ2 = 10.92,Pc = 0.03;χ2 = 35.34,Pc < 0.01;χ2 = 12.69,Pc = 0.03）。进一步在各组间进行两两比较,仅DRB1*1401等位基因频率在自体血清皮肤试验阳性组与对照组间（RR = 17.09,Pc < 0.01）及自体血清皮肤试验阳性组与阴性组间（RR = 7.20,Pc < 0.01）,差异均有统计学意义。结论 DRB1*1401等位基因可能是广西地区自体血清皮肤试验阳性慢性荨麻疹的易感基因或与其连锁。     

The Relation of Autologous Serum Skin Test and Autologous Plasma Skin Test Result with Various Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

BackgroundDespite the autologous serum skin test (ASST) and autologous plasma skin test (APST) is widely used test accessing whether a patient with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has autoreactivity or not, the clinician often encounter difficulty making correlation between the test result and clinical implications.ObjectiveThis study was aimed to find any clinical and laboratory findings related to the ASST and APST response. Agreement and correlation between the two tests was also analyzed.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 300 CSU patients who underwent ASST, APST. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the skin test result. Also, the degree of serum and plasma response was recorded.ResultsBoth ASST and APST positive group had shorter duration of the disease, higher incidence of at least one episode of angioedema than negative group. There were no significant differences in the positivity for autoantibodies including antinuclear, ds-DNA, and thyroid-related between the two groups. The predicted positive rate of ASST and APST according to age showed bimodal peak and decreasing pattern according to disease duration. Predicted positivity of both tests declined with increase in total immunoglobuline E (IgE) level. In the correlation study, the two tests showed high correlation coefficients.ConclusionASST and APST positivity may be related to disease duration and severity of CSU. The two tests showed a generally consistent result. Autoreactivity may be gradually lost as disease continues. We suggest the autoreactivity in CSU could arise independently from IgE mediated immune process.     

Reactivity to autologous serum skin test and clinical features in chronic idiopathic urticaria

The autologous-serum skin test (ASST) can cause a wheal-and-flare response in some cases of chronic idiopathic urticaria. We subjected 102 patients affected by chronic idiopathic urticaria to this test and studied some clinical parameters to detect any significant differences between ASST-positive and ASST-negative patients. The only significant difference we noted between the two groups was the incidence of angioedema (P = 0.01). We suggest that the ASST cannot be used alone either to predict the severity of urticaria or to define it as 'autoimmune'.