社区儿童护理教育的开展体会

当前，我国社区护理仍处于发展中阶段，运作形式以疾病护理、预防保健、认知教育、健康宣教为主。部分社区服务机构以"医院门诊部"的形式存在，仅提供部分简单的医疗护理服务，并未从传统的医院服务模式转换为家庭服务模式。社区护理仍处于不断的摸索时期，我国社区护理发展之所以比较缓慢，不仅与社区护理技术落后、社会护理观念不强、经济投入少等因素有关，且与社区护理教育的实施力度较弱有着直接的关联。社区护理教育是促进社区护理得以良好开展的基础工作，是社区儿童健康发展的必然需求，因此必须重视社区护理教育，加大社区儿童护理教育的开展力度。     

高职高专护理专业人体解剖学应用能力培养的探索

<正>高职高专教育是直接为生产、服务和管理一线岗位培养能下得去、留得住、用得上的高技能型人才的教育。但传统高等职业护理教育的人才培养模式是沿用普通医疗本科教育的培养方式,没有充分体现高等职业教育的特点~([1])。教学内容是本科医疗专业的"压缩版",知识与实际应用脱节较为严重~([2])。毕业生进入临床工作岗位不能马上胜任具体工作,偏离了高职高专教     

打造"数字化医院",规划是关键——浅析我院信息化建设规划与实施建议

"便捷革命"是近年来现代服务业发展的潮流和口号.作为医疗服务主体的医疗领域如何构建与社会经济发展相匹配的现代医疗服务体系,打造全新医疗服务价值链,是我们必须面对的课题.     

中国移动"诊疗短信通"在我院的建立与应用

在医疗市场竞争日趋激烈的形势下,如何利用IT行业流行的技术,整合医院信息系统的信息资源,将目前主流的企业应用移植到医疗行业中,提供更多医疗服务给患者,就成了医院信息部门所要关注的事情。我院为了应对竞争,近年来在医院信息化方面也是不断加大投入,在建立覆盖全院的信息网络与信息处理系统的同时,与中国移动合作,利用WEB技术将医疗服务进行拓展外延,为患者提供移动医疗服务,开发出“诊疗短信通”平台,让患者随时随地都可获取我院的医疗资讯。     

强化服务意识 提高医疗服务质量

优化医疗服务质量是医院各方面工作的核心内容和追求目标.在医疗行业竞争激烈的今天,医疗服务质量显得尤为重要.为此,医院必须全方位强化"以病人为中心"的服务理念,并在此理念的指导下切实提高医疗服务质量.     

一种基于驻地网的社区医疗健康服务系统

我国的社区医疗正在建设中,目前以人工服务为主.老百姓看病难、看病贵的问题依然存在,疾病监测、卫生监督、医疗救治等需求迫切.本文提出一种"基于驻地网的社区医疗健康服务系统"整体解决方案.论述了构建社区医疗健康服务系统的驻地网技术,社区医疗信息中心构架和家庭监测护理方式等,最后讨论了该方案的应用前景.     

中国构建教育研究型医疗体系的初步探讨

随着社会的发展,学术型医学的机构载体不断扩张,形成规模不同的网络化结构,即教育研究型医疗体系.教育研究型医疗体系是以大学、医学院及其附属医院为核心,各级各类的卫生机构经纵向和横向整合而成,承担了内涵更为广泛的教育、科研、医疗服务等功能.它将是卫生领域的研究热点.     

社区卫生服务解析

社区卫生服务是指融预防、医疗、保健、康复、健康教育、计划生育技术服务等为一体的服务,但对社区卫生服务的具体内涵及各种服务如何形成整体的研究较少。本文试图对上述问题给出解答。     

中国高校“医学遗传学课程思政”指南(2019)

课程思政是"新时代"高等教育"三全育人"的重要形式之一。它是把"人生观、价值观、世界观"有机地结合到专业教育教学中,把思政教育与专业教育有效地融为一体。复旦大学上海医学院的专业老师根据课程思政教学的需要,编写了《中国高校"医学遗传学课程思政"指南》,经由其牵头的全国高等学校医学遗传学教学联盟的有关院校专家讨论,形成《中国高校"医学遗传学课程思政"指南(2019)》,希望为全国医学遗传学课程思政提供一个可参考的指南。     

患者满意度调查也因"与时俱进"现代化

通过对住院患者满意度的调查分析，了解到医院的住院医疗服务状况和住院患者的满意度情况，总结出影响住院患者满意度的主要因素为医疗质量、医疗服务、医疗费用和就医环境，并用相关和回归方法分析了各个项目对总满意度的影响，认为提高住院患者满意度应主要从提高医疗质量和医疗服务入手，并针对反映的问题提出了建议与对策，做到"与时俱进"。     

Modes of reinforcement and gender and culture of experimenter and subject: effects of "alien" and external reinforcement for Japanese and American men and women

In this study, we examined external and "alien" reinforcement (ER and AR. respectively) as a factor in social learning, and studied the combined effects of culture and reinforcement mode. A female (Experiment 1) and a male (Experiment 2) experimenters conducted experimental sessions. Both men and women, who grew up in the same culture as the experimenter, participated and performed the experimental task. A three-way interaction effect of experimenter gender, culture, and reinforcement mode was found on task performance. And the effect was more pronounced for a Japanese experimenter. A female and a male experimenters conducted Experiments 3 and 4, respectively; however participants this time were men and women who grew up in different cultures than the experimenter. Results indicated that the pattern of the subject gender and reinforcement mode interaction effect, when the experimenter was Japanese with American subjects, was exactly opposite to that when the experimenter was American. These experiments showed that AR was as effective for social learning as ER, and that the cultural backgrounds of experimenter and subject influenced AR and ER effectiveness.     

Timing and intensity of early fevers and the development of allergies and asthma

BACKGROUND: Early childhood fevers appear to protect against later allergies and asthma. What is not known is the time in which fevers exert this effect and whether the degree of temperature increase is important. OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the relationship between the time and degree of early fevers and later allergies and asthma. METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-five children from southeast Michigan were enrolled at birth. Clinic records from their first 2 years were abstracted for episodes of fever. At age 6 to 7 years, children underwent allergy testing. We examined fevers occurring within 6-month intervals in the first 2 years of life and outcomes at age 6 to 7 years. The primary outcome measures were allergic sensitization, asthma, asthma with allergic sensitization, and asthma without allergic sensitization. RESULTS: In the unadjusted analysis each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months of age was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.93) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) at age 6 to 7 years. Likewise, every 1 degrees C increase in the maximum temperature between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.96) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94). After adjusting for potential confounders, each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma with allergic sensitization (adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.94) at age 6 to 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: Both the timing and intensity of childhood fevers appear to be important factors in the development of allergies and asthma.     

Rates of oxygen consumption and of anaerobic glycolysis in renal cortex and medulla of adult and new-born rats and guinea-pigs

1. Rates of oxygen uptake and of anaerobic glycolysis were estimated in slices from the renal cortex and medulla (a) of adult rats and guinea-pigs, (b) of new-born (1-, 5- and 21-day-old) rats and of guinea-pigs of 1, 12, 21, 24 and 120 hr age.2. In the adult rat, Q(O2) values for the cortex were 12.55 +/- 0.20 (22) and for the medulla: 8.56 +/- 0.17 (22) mul./hr.mg dry weight, while in the new-born rat (24 hr old) they were 10.99 +/- 0.46 (12) and 9.33 +/- 0.18 (9) mul./hr.mg dry weight respectively.3. Values for Q(CO2) (N2) (anaerobic glycolysis) in the 14 hr old new-born rat were in the renal cortex 9.65 +/- 0.35 (5) and in the medulla 7.39 +/- 0.43 (5) mul./hr.mg dry weight; while in the adult they were 2.25 +/- 0.08 (16) and 5.76 +/- 0.14 (16) mul./hr.mg dry weight, respectively.4. In the adult guinea-pig values for Q(CO2) (N2) were of the same order as in the adult rat, though the rate of O(2) uptake was for the cortex 8.12 +/- 0.22 (12) and for the medulla 5.02 +/- 0.23 (11) mul./hr.mg dry weight.5. Though the Q(O2) values in the renal cortex and medulla were smaller in the 1 hr old new-born guinea-pig, they were already increasing in the 12 hr old neonate.6. The results are discussed in the light of enzyme changes occurring during the process of maturation of the nephron as indicated by histochemical observations.     

男性乳腺发育症临床病理分析及雌,孕激素受体检测

对１１３例男性乳腺发育症进行临床病理分析。同时检测其中３０例乳腺组织中雌激素受体和孕激素受体分布情况，结果发现两者阳性率分别为８０．０％和８３．３３％。结合文献讨论了男性乳腺发育症的发生与高血清激素浓度及乳腺组织高受体水平的关系。     

Association between functional alterations of senescence and senility and disorders of gait and balance

OBJECTIVES:

Declines in cognition and mobility are frequently observed in the elderly, and it has been suggested that the appearance of gait disorders in older individuals may constitute a marker of cognitive decline that precedes significant findings in functional performance screening tests. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between functional capacities and gait and balance in an elderly community monitored by the Preventive and Integrated Care Unit of the Hospital Adventista Silvestre in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

METHODS:

Elderly individuals (193 females and 90 males) were submitted to a broad geriatric evaluation, which included the following tests: 1) a performance-oriented mobility assessment (POMA) to evaluate gait; 2) a mini-mental state examination (MMSE); 3) the use of Katz and Lawton scales to assess functional capacity; 4) the application of the geriatric depression scale (GDS); and 5) a mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) scale.

RESULTS:

Reductions in MMSE, Katz and Lawton scores were associated with reductions in POMA scores, and we also observed that significant reductions in POMA scores were present in persons for whom the MMSE and Katz scores did not clearly indicate cognitive dysfunction. We also demonstrated that a decline in the scores obtained with the GDS and MNA scales was associated with a decline in the POMA scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

Considering that significant alterations in the POMA scores were observed prior to the identification of significant alterations in cognitive capacity using either the MMSE or the Katz systems, a prospective study seems warranted to assess the predictive capacity of POMA scores regarding the associated decline in functional capacity.