中国株庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）感染猕猴桃的实验研究

应用０．５ｍｌ含中国株庚型肝炎病毒的血清接种５只猕猴，５只猕猴于接种后１周血清ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ均阳转；ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ滴度在猴体内可高达１：１０，较接种血清中ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ滴度（１：１０＾２）高出许多，提示ＨＧＶ在猕猴体内复制。其中４只猕猴血清抗－ＨＧＶ阳转；４只出现ＡＬＴ异常。后用其中１只猕猴感染后４５天血清给另２只猕猴接种，该２只猴也出现血清ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ和抗－ＨＧＶ阳转及ＡＬＴ异常。本研究表明，     

恒河猴实验感染庚型肝炎病毒的实验研究

目的研究庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）在恒河猴中的实验感染状态。方法用一名ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性、ＨＢＶ、ＨＣＶ均阴性的健康献血员血浆实验感染２只恒河猴，并取第一代猴感染后６周的血再感染１只第二代恒河猴，然后用以第二代猴感染６周后血继续感染２只第三代恒河猴。分别用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎＰＣＲ）检测受感染猴血清中的ＨＧＶＲＮＡ，并每周抽血测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）。结果感染１周后猴血清ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳转，最长持续阳性２８周以上。不同感染个体血清ＡＬＴ水平有明显差异，其中１号猴有短期轻度升高，５号猴血清ＡＬＴ较长时间在１００Ｕ／Ｌ以上。肝活检发现，感染后１６周猴肝组织出现明显的病毒性肝炎样病理改变。进一步对该献血员血浆和感染后猴血清中的ＨＧＶ５’端部分非编码区基因ＰＣＲ产物进行测序，结果显示感染用献血员血浆和猴血清中ＨＧＶ序列与国外株ＨＧＵ４４４０２的同源性分别为９８３３％和９５８３％；与ＨＧＵ３６３８０株的同源性分别为９２５０％和８９１７％；感染猴血清中ＨＧＶ序列与献血员ＨＧＶ序列同源性为９５８３％。结论恒河猴对ＨＧＶ敏感，可以做为实验模型动物     

庚型肝炎病毒致病性的动物实验研究

为进一步了解庚型肝炎病毒 (ＨＧＶ)的致病性 ,对 3只国产猕猴 (Ｍａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔｔａ)于接种人ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性血清后进行了长达 2 0周的随访观察。现将结果报告如下。材料与方法3只猕猴购自我国广西壮族自治区 ,其中 2只为雄猴 ,1只为雌猴 ,年龄为 2～ 3岁。实验感染前采其静脉血 ,检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (ＡＬＴ)、血浆ＨＧＶＲＮＡ、外周血单个核细胞 (ＰＢＭＣ)中ＨＧＶＲＮＡ ,并用光镜和免疫组化法检测肝活检标本。给猕猴接种的血清系取自一名ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性的急性非甲～非戊型肝炎患者 ,对该份血清作 10倍稀释后 ,用逆转录…     

35例庚型肝炎临床及酶学变化观察

目的探讨庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）感染的临床意义。方法应用逆转录－套式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎＰＣＲ）检测１６５例肝炎患者血清ＨＧＶＲＮＡ和血清酶的变化。其中急性肝炎２４例，慢性肝炎７８例，肝硬化１８例，肝癌４例，乙、丙肝携带者４１例。结果在急性黄疸型肝炎中检出单纯性ＨＧＶ感染３例（１２５％），血清ＡＬＴ水平在４８８±６５Ｕ／Ｌ之间，ＡＳＴ在４５２±７１Ｕ／Ｌ之间，ＴＢｉＬ在７７１±１４３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。急性肝炎酶的升高一般在１个月内降到正常，而ＨＧＶＲＮＡ在ＡＬＴ降到正常后仍持续一段时间才转阴，其中１例发病后９个月转阴。慢性肝炎中检出ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性１９例（２４４％），其中单纯性ＨＧＶ阳性４例（５１３％）。肝硬化肝癌中ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性４例，其中１例肝硬化为单纯性ＨＧＶ阳性。结论在急性黄疸型肝炎、乙型肝炎病毒携带者、慢性肝炎、肝硬化以及肝癌中均可检出庚型肝炎病毒，为单独感染或与乙、丙型肝炎病毒同时或重叠感染，其传播途径与乙、丙型肝炎的传播途径相同。     

酶联免疫吸附法检测庚型肝炎病毒抗体

目的 探讨抗庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）ＩｇＧ与各种病毒感染,丙氨到转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）及ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ的相关性。方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法检测了３１５例各种肝炎病毒（Ａ￣Ｅ）感染乾和１１７例健康献血员血清的抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ,并测定其ＡＬＴ,对抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ阳性的标本用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）法检测ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ。结果 献血员抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ的阳性率为３．４２％（４／１１７     

庚型肝炎病毒感染中国恒河猴血清学和肝组织学的动 …

目的 探讨庚型肝炎（ＨＧ）发生,发展规律及庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）的致病机理。方法 用１例临床和病理确诊的单独ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ阳性的慢性肝炎患者血清１次或多次分别静脉攻击中国恒河猴,观察攻击前,后动物血清学和肝组织学的动态变化,同时用ＨＧＶ ＮＳ５区抗原制备的单克隆抗体进行肝脏组织免疫组化检测,并于感染后第１８个月体免疫１只雄性猴,取各种脏器观察组织学结构。结果 动物感染后第３０天血清ＡＬＴ,ＡＳＴ开     

输血后丙型肝炎病毒感染的前瞻性研究

对６４例受血者进行了半年前瞻性调查，发生输血后丙型肝炎（ＰＴ－ＨＣ）８例，亚临床（ＰＴ－ＨＣ）１例，丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）隐性感染３例，ＨＣＶ总感染率为１８７５％，丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）首次异常时间为输血后２８～９１（５１９±２０９）天；抗－ＨＣＶ首次阳转为输血后２３～７６（４２４±１５９）天。发生巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）感染２例，病原待定的非乙、非丙ＡＬＴ异常者５例。     

831名健康青年庚型肝炎病毒和人免疫缺陷病毒感染？…

目的 了解我国健康青年中庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）和人免疫缺陷病毒的感染情况。方法 采用酶联免疫法（ＥＩＡ）检测６省８３１名健康青年血清中的ＨＧＶ和ＨＩＶ抗体，对抗－ＨＧＶＩｇＧ阳性的血清再用逆转录－巢式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果 发现抗－ＨＧＶ ＩｇＧ阳性率为２．５３％（２１／８３１），２１例阳性者中ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ阳性８例，两者符合率为３８．１％；抗－ＨＩＶ均阴性。结论 我     

831名健康青年庚型肝炎病毒和人免疫缺陷病毒感染的调查

目的了解我国健康青年中庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）和人免疫缺陷病毒的感染情况。方法采用酶联免疫法（ＥＩＡ）检测６省８３１名健康青年血清中的ＨＧＶ和ＨＩＶ抗体，对抗－ＨＧＶＩｇＧ阳性的血清再用逆转录－巢式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果发现抗－ＨＣＶＩｇＧ阳性率为２５３％（２１／８３１），２１例阳性者中ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性８例，两者符合率为３８１％；抗－ＨＩＶ均阴性。结论我国健康青年人群中确实存在ＨＧＶ感染。     

逆转录—巢式聚合酶链反应检测庚型肝炎病毒RNA方法…

庚型肝炎病毒基因组为单链，正肌ＲＮＡ，全长９３９２ｂｐ。根据５‘－非编码区基因序列设计合成两对引物。随机选取酶联抗－ＨＧＶ阳性病人血清３份，阴性病人血清６份，应用逆转录－巢式聚合酶链反应进行检测。结果２份抗－ＨＧＶ阳性血清可见较强的特异扩增带，１份抗－ＨＧＶ阳性血清可见较弱的特异扩增带，其余６份抗－ＨＧＶ阴性血清均无特异性扩增带。     

Correlation of interferon treatment response with GBV-C/HGV genomic RNA and anti-envelope 2 protein antibody

The clinical significance of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) co-infection was studied retrospectively in 100 consecutive patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. All 100 patients had been treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). Co-infection with GBV-C/HGV and HCV was detected in 10 of the 100 patients (10%) and anti-envelope 2 region (anti-E2) antibody was detected in 25 patients. None of the patients with GBV-C/HGV RNA had anti-E2 antibody. Co-infected patients were younger (P < .005) and their serum transaminase levels were lower than HCV-only infected patients (P< .01). In 7 of the 10 co-infected patients, HCV RNA was eradicated from serum after IFN-alpha treatment and normal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels continued in 6 of these 7 patients. In one patient who was negative for HCV RNA but positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA, the ALT level relapsed transiently. The rate of clearance of HCV and normalization of the ALT level was significantly higher in co-infected patients than in HCV-only infected patients (P < .05). GBV-C/HGV RNA disappeared from 6 of the 10 co-infected patients (60%) upon cessation of IFN-alpha treatment. However, continuous clearance of GBV-C/HGV was observed in only two patients and anti-E2 antibody could not be detected in the serum of these patients. These results indicate that co-infected patients tend to be younger and more sensitive to IFN-alpha treatment. However, long-term clearance of GBV-C/HGV after IFN-alpha treatment may be difficult. Moreover, anti-E2 antibody may act to neutralize GBV-C/ HGV.     

35型庚型肝炎临床及酶学变化观察

For the purpose of making sure the clinical significance of hepatitis G virus, RT-nested PCR was applied to detect HGV RNA in 165 hepatitis patients, which included 24 acute hepatitis, 78 chronic hepatitis, 18 hepatitic cirrhosis, 4 hepatocellularcarcinom and 41 HBV and HCV carriers. The results showed that the infection of HGV existed in all kinds of hepatitis patients. Among the acute hepatitis 12.5% (3/24) was HGV RNA positive. 19 (24.4%) cases were HGV RNA positive in chronic hepatitis, among which 4 cases were simply HGV RNA positive (5.13%). The serum ALT level in 3 cases of simple acute HGV patients was between 488 +/- 65 U/L, the value of AST between 452 +/- 71 U/L, the TBiL at about 77.1 +/- 14.3 mumol/L. All these showed that only HGV infection could lead to acute hepatitis. The rising enzyme dropped to normal about a month later in acute hepatitis while HGV RNA would remain. The problem whether HGV infection is caused by simple acute and chronic hepatitis infection is under investigation.     

Evolution of hepatitis G in children with vertically transmitted HGV

Background A new hepatitis-associated RNA virus, belonging to the Flaviviridae, has been recently discovered and called HGV (GBV-C). This virus has been shown to be transmitted parenterally. In this study we examined a group of children born to HCV infected women. Methods Between September 1994 and December 1998, we studied a cohort of 53 pregnant women, aged between 20 and 43 years. They were all HCV Ab and HCV RNA positive, with a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis. One patient was HbsAg positive and 4 patients (pts.) (7.5%) were HIV Ab positive. Anamnestic information revealed that: 28 pts. (52.8%) were IVDUs, 11 pts. (20.8%) had been haemotransfused and 14 pts. (26.4%) had no risk factors. We examined HGV RNA by RT nested PCR, using primers from the 5'UTR of HGV. Anti-HGV antibodies (anti-E2) were detected with an ELISA test using recombinant E2 protein. Ten of the 53 pregnant women (18.9%) were HGV RNA positive (32 other pts., 60.4%, were positive for anti-E2 antibodies). We monitored their children for 18-24 months (with clinicai and haematological controls), looking for HGV RNA, anti-E2 antibodies, HCV RNA and for ALT serum levels. Results Seven (70%) new-bom children proved HGV RNA positive at follow-up; all babies were HCV RNA negative at controls. Four of them were born vaginally; none of them was breast-fed. HGV RNA was first detectable at the 3rd month of life in 3 babies, and all babies were HGV RNA positive at the 6th month of life. Six babies (85.7%) remained positive during the observation period. One baby (14.3%) seroconverted at 10 months, developing anti E-2 antibodies and becoming HGV RNA negative. Four babies (57.1%) maintained normal ALT serum levels during the whole follow-up period, while 3 patients showed a low increase in ALT serum levels. The ALT values normalised at later controls. Conclusions HGV infection shows a very high (70%) rate of vertical transmission but a low and doubtful pathogenicity with asymptomatic evolution in babies. Patients who did not develop anti-E2 antibodies at the 12th month of life remained infected without persistent signs of hepatic failure.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清和肝组织中HBV DNA含量与庚型肝炎病毒感染的关系

目的：观察慢性乙型肝炎（CH－B）患者血清、肝组织中HBV DNA含量与庚型肝炎病毒（HGV）感染的关系，探讨HGV感染对CH－B患者乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）复制的影响。方法：应用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）、免疫组织化学法、荧光定量PCR（FQ－PCR）技术方法对56份CH－B患者血清HGV RNA、肝组织HGV Ag、血清及肝组织中HBV DNA含量分别进行了检测，并将血清HGV RNA与肝组织HGV Ag的表达、HGV RNA、HGV Ag阳性与阴性患者HBV DNA含量分别进行了对比研究。结果：血清HGV RNA、肝组织HGV Ag阳性分别为10份（17．9％）、8份（14．3％）。血清HGV RNA阳性与肝组织HGV Ag表达显著相关（P＜0．01），但部分肝组织HGV Ag阴性患者亦有血清HGV RNA表达。血清HGV RNA、肝组织HGV Ag阳性与阴性患者血清及肝组织中HBV DNA含量差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论：HGV感染对CH－B患者HBV复制无影响。HGV可在肝脏中复制，但致病性可能较微弱。     

Prevalence of hepatitis G virus in Pakistani children with transfusion dependent beta- thalassemia major

We ought to obtain data on the prevalence of the newly discovered tranfusion transmittable hepatitis G virus in polytransfused b- thalassemia major children. Each individual had received multiple blood transfusions, from 12 to 36 per year. No documentation of prior hepatic infection was available. Serum samples were collected prospectively from the randomly selected subjects and were analyzed for HGV RNA by polymerase chain reaction using primer specific for two different regions of the HGV genome. Among the 100 individuals examined 21 were positive for HGV RNA. Four patients had evidence of dual infection, both HGV RNA and HCV RNA were isolated from their sera. While in one sample presence of both HGV RNA and HBV DNA was established. Only one child was positive for hepatitis E antibodies. The sera of 10 children were reactive for hepatitis B surface antigen whereas 35 individuals were positive for hepatitis C virus antibody. The ALT levels were variable in HGV infected children. Four out of 16 (25%) showed peak ALT levels of 218 IU/I, 8/16 (50%) children demonstrated slightly elevated ALT levels whereas 25% individuals showed normal ALT levels. Alkaline Phosphatase levels were elevated in 90% of the children and 20% patients of this series also had higher GGT levels. The observed AP levels were not statistically different among HGV, HGV/HCV or HGV/HBV groups. Even though the ALT levels were deranged in the children with HGV alone but none of the children had demonstrated symptoms of liver disease, their direct and total bilirubin levels were normal and no complain of jaundice was recorded. In conclusion, our findings suggested that like other blood borne hepatic viruses, HGV is also prevalent in the high risk group of multiple transfused patients in Pakistan but our results support the absence of any causal relationship between HGV and hepatitis.     

用逆转录—套式聚合酶链反应检测我国不同临床型肝？…

目的 为了研究庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）在我国的感染状况。方法 概括已发表的ＨＧＶ的５‘端非编码区（５’－ＵＴＲ区）及螺旋酶区（ＮＳ３区）两段高度保守的基因序列分别设计两套引物，用逆转录－套式聚合酶链式反应检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果 从北京、秦皇岛、河南等地采集各种肝病患者及职业献血员血清３５４份，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性９７份，阳性率为２２．３％。其中已确定的临床型肝炎／肝病患者２５４例，ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者为５     

单纯GBV-C/HGV感染人体血清学和病理学追踪研究

目的 从临床和病理学方面探讨庚型肝炎病毒（GBV－C／HGV）的致病性。方法 收集24例单纯血清GBV－C／HGV RNA阳性人体的穿刺活检肝组织及血清标本,其中8例作间隔2年以上的二次肝穿,进行血清和肝组织GBV－C／HGV RNA、血清抗E2抗体及ALT水平、肝组织NS3和NS5抗原检测,并作肝组织光、电镜观察。结果 24例血清GBV－C／HGV RNA阳性者首次肝穿前3d内平均ALT水平为60．17IU／ml(42-87IU/ml),抗E2抗体阳性率4．17％,首次肝组织GBV－C／HGV RNA阳性率为75．00％,NS3和（或SN5抗原阳性率为54．17％。GBV－C／HGV RNA及NS3和NS5抗原主要于肝细胞质内检出,阳性细胞呈散在分布,少数浸润的单个核细胞内有病毒RNA检出。肝细胞呈极轻度急、慢性炎症病变者占79．17％。与2年前比较,2年后24例观测对象血清GBV－C／HGV RNA自然转阴率66．67％（P＜0．001）,血清ALT复常率75．00％（P＜0．001）,E2抗体阳性率为41．67％（P＜0．001）,8例二次穿刺肝组织除2例有灶状肝细胞水样变性外,余均复常。结论 庚型肝炎病毒可引起极轻度自限性肝炎,提示其致肝损伤作用微弱且具有自限性;血清E2抗体是GBV－C／HGV感染恢复性标志,是否存在其他恢复性血清标志物尚待研究。