基于LabVIEW的X射线机电源电阻测量设计

目的:为降低测量仪器系统误差噪声干扰的影响，准确测量X射线机电源电阻，设计一套X射线机电源电阻测量程序。方法:在信号注入法测电阻的基础上，利用LabVIEW软件和NI公司生产的信号调理模块，设计电源内阻测量程序，该程序可产生稳定的正弦激励电流，并对响应电压、响应电流以及相位差进行测量，进而得到X射线机电源电阻值。结果:经系统测试可知，该测量程序可以对X射线机电源电阻进行一段时间内的连续测量，得到的电源电阻均值更接近实际状况。结论:该测量程序能够准确测量X射线机电源电阻，为准确测量X射线机电源电阻提供了一种新的方法和思路。 【关键词】X射线机；电源电阻；LabVIEW     

人体双侧对称经络电阻抗失衡与疾病的相关研究

通过实验装置,分别测量人体双侧对称经络对称两穴位之间的电流波形,计算其电阻抗值,探讨经络的导电特性。证明了正常人双侧经络电阻抗的对称性、经络循行线的低阻性及双侧经络电阻抗失衡与其络属脏器病变的相关性等问题     

经穴皮肤电阻动态参数测定系统及其应用

本系统通过经穴皮肤电阻动态测定方法，为针灸研究提供了一种重要实验手段，该系统能应用参数及图形直观显示人体皮肤电阻，并可进行数据采集分析研究其结果，经初步实验，其结果显示：女性穴位低电阻出现率明显高于男性（Ｐ〈０．０１），与文献中报道的人体穴位电阻低值点较为一致。     

He-Ne激光穴位照射对雄性小白鼠生殖能力的影响

为了观察He-Ne激光穴位照射对动物生殖能力的影响，本实验采用He-Ne激光穴位照射雄性小白鼠的关元穴和内关穴，取雄性小白鼠的精液测量了相关指标，并抽血测量了血清睾酮指标。测量结果表明：有关测试指标均显著高于对照组，提示利用He-Ne激光穴位照射雄性小白鼠关元穴和内关穴具有增强生殖能力的作用。     

心阻抗血流图模型中电阻的计算方法

本文是我们建立一种心阻抗血流图技术新理论的系列研究之一，是正式论文的简要快讯。本文旨在判明常用电阻公式是否适用于心阻抗血流图模型。本文研究了套在园柱形均匀导体侧表面一对接到恒流源上的供电电极在此园柱体内产生的电势、电流以及套在园柱体侧表面另一对测量电极测得的电阻；最后将所得电阻公式与常用电阻公式作了对比。     

基于生物电阻抗法的人体成分测量系统的研究与评价

目的：本文探讨了生物电阻抗测量系统对人体成分的测量效果与适用性。从而为测量人体成分时选择合适的测量系统提供了技术支持与理论依据。方法：对生物电阻抗测量系统进行了深人的研究与评价,剖析总结了生物电阻抗法测量系统存在的问题,并对生物电阻抗法测量人体成分的影响因素进行了归纳与总结,最后对生物电阻抗法测量人体成分的未来发展进行了展望。结果：生物电阻抗法测量系统经历了从单频率全身测量系统到多频率人体分段电阻抗测量系统的发展过程,测量系统本身所具有的特性及外界因素都会对整个测量系统有一定干扰,所以针对不同的测量需要选择合适的测量系统与测量方案可以最大限度的减少干扰。结论：生物电阻抗法是测量人体成分的理想方法,生物电阻抗法测量系统的选择是人体成分测量的关键。随着研究推进,将会出现适用于人体局部的电阻抗测量系统。     

特定穴位诱发脑波的研究

目前在有关脑诱发电位的测量研究和临床应用中，为了避开自发脑波的干扰，通常把脑波的频率范围设置在１００Ｈｚ以上的区域进行测量和处理（利用几十毫秒长的短数据段），然而随着自发脑波衰减的同时，相应也衰减了诱发电势（ＢＥＰ）的数值，这样反而又增加了对特征信息提取的难度。我们根据经络理论，利用特定穴位电刺激法研究ＢＥＰ，利用受试者有、无刺激的前后两数据段在ＥＥＧ常规频带内进行频域的差值处理；对部分正常人和典型患者进行测量和比较，其初步结果表明，用特定穴位研究ＢＥＰ的方法是可取的，值得进一步深入地探讨。１　…     

贴片云纹干涉法对全口义齿基托壳体面内应变的测量研究

本文首次提出了应用贴片云纹干涉法和变栅距光栅来测量不可展壳体表面面内位移和应变的方法。文中就测量原理、公式、由变距光栅形成的云纹条纹的解释、实验精度及实验技术等方面作了详细论述，给出了对人的全口义齿上部牙托壳体变形的测量结果，并将该测量结果与电阻应变片法在相同实验条件下的测量结果进行了比较。本法简便，条纹清晰，具有全场性。     

智能化穴位电阻检测仪的研制及实验研究

皮肤电阻是反映植物神经，特别是交感神经系统机能状态的重要指标之一，常被有关学者应用于人体经穴研究和疾病诊断中。而多部位，多功能自动测量皮肤电阻的仪器不多，作者研制了带２８６微机的皮肤电阻测量（包括皮肤温度及脉相）系统，实现了Ω－Ｖ变换，、数据采集与分析处理显示、打印自动化。     

一种穴位探测仪核心部件的设计

研究穴位电学特性中不受检测条件影响的固有规律需要给被测穴位输入一组连续变化的激励微电流,并由此分析其响应电压-激励电流曲线。基于上述考虑,为了更好的探究穴位电阻的混沌特性,本研究设计了一种基于51单片机的穴位探测仪,其核心功能是可以分别输出以非线性和线性两种方式变化的测试微电流,输出的测试电流在0~20μA之间连续可调。经测试,本系统可以输出噪声小且控制精度高的稳定电流,具有较好的电气性能。另外,从电极面积和电极与皮肤间接触压力大小两个方面初步对探测电极进行了二次设计。     

Interpretation of acupoint location in traditional Chinese medicine teaching: Implications for acupuncture in research and clinical practice

Acupuncture is a therapeutic intervention of traditional Chinese medicine, characterized by the insertion of a fine metal needle through the human body's skin at an acupuncture point (acupoint). Acupuncture has become from cultural curiosity to fast-growing complementary and alternative medicine therapy worldwide, including in the United States. The ability to locate acupoints on the body surface precisely is critical for the acupuncture treatment. However, the location of acupoints varies frequently among practitioners. Therefore, in the present study, the author will address the application of acupoint in traditional Chinese medicine (including the anatomical location of acupoint) to draw attention to the issues about the acupoint location in acupuncture research and clinical practice. Moreover, further studies are needed to determine whether acupoint location with specificity could be validated by employing reliable tools. In the future, the incongruity among acupuncturists regarding acupoint location should be resolved, and the acupoint location methods with more accuracy should be developed.     

Outflow Boundary Conditions for Arterial Networks with Multiple Outlets

Simulation of blood flow in three-dimensional geometrically complex arterial networks involves many inlets and outlets and requires large-scale parallel computing. It should be based on physiologically correct boundary conditions, which are accurate, robust, and simple to implement in the parallel framework. While a secondary closure problem can be solved to provide approximate outflow conditions, it is preferable, when possible, to impose the clinically measured flow rates. We have developed a new method to incorporate such measurements at multiple outlets, based on a time-dependent resistance boundary condition for the pressure in conjunction with a Neumann boundary condition for the velocity. Convergence of the numerical solution for the specified outlet flow rates is achieved very fast at a computational complexity comparable to the widely used Resistance or Windkessel boundary conditions. The method is verified using a patient-specific cranial vascular network involving 20 arteries and 10 outlets.     

Simple equipment to measure biomechanical quantities of muscles and organs which includes a polarity-programmable peak detector

Biomechanical measurements of muscles and organs require appropriate measuring equipment. As far as the static properties are concerned, the excursion of the bender bar of stress should be without force. The bender bar of force, however, ideally should not elongate under load. Because natural frequency is the most important boundary condition, the bender bar should be developed with this in mind. The developed bars imposed an insignificant preload to the muscle or to the organ. The small changes in resistance occurring in the resistance strain gauges affixed to the bars require the use of a highly stable amplifier. A new amplifier was accordingly developed based on the principle of an instrumentation amplifier with an integrated bridge supply and an automatic zerobalancing facility. The measured input voltage drift of the whole amplifier is less than 5nV. The maximum muscle contraction, for instance under chemical or electrical stimulation, is an important physiological quantity. Therefore, a polarity-programmable peak detector was also implemented into the equipment. The developed test set is suitable for measuring the lengths or force effects by chemical or electrical stimulation of muscles or organs. With a special bar, it is also possible to measure the degree of Parkinson tremor.     

Blood O2 content,cardiac output,and flow to organs at several levels of oxygenation in rats with a left-shifted blood oxygen dissociation curve

In this investigation contrast threshold measurements are compared with supra-threshold perception for a group of human amblyopes. The results indicate that human amblyopia involves, in some cases, not only loss of sensitivity but spatial distortion. Thus a new group of amblyopes can now be identified in which only distortion occurs. These results have important physiological implications for both the normal and abnormal visual systems. Neurophysiologists investigating visual loss from deprivation should assess whether similar distortions occur in animals. This question may hold the answer to whether the present animal models are relevant to the human condition.     

Thalassaemia in Scots

Five cases of thalassaemia minor and 11 symptomless trait carriers have been detected in four Scottish families, only one of which is known to have foreign ancestry. It is suggested that the condition is commoner than was once thought, and that the diagnosis should be considered in any patient with refractory hypochromic anaemia in which the red cells show increased osmotic resistance.     

Effects of user's actions on rolling resistance and wheelchair stability during handrim wheelchair propulsion in the field

Currently, rolling resistance and wheelchair stability during manual wheelchair propulsion can be assessed from the loads applied on the front and rear wheels, which are determined in a static condition. However, a user's actions on the wheelchair would change these loads during locomotion, which should affect both the rolling resistance and wheelchair stability. The goal of this study was to verify these assumptions and assess how much the rolling resistance and wheelchair stability are affected by the user's actions during propulsion. For that purpose, a mechanical model was developed using measurements of an instrumented wheelchair equipped with several six-component dynamometers. Experiments were performed by three subjects propelling the instrumented wheelchair over flat ground. The results showed variations over wide ranges of the fore-aft distribution of the total load, rolling resistance, wheelchair stability, wheelchair velocity and mechanical power dissipated by the rolling resistance during the propulsion cycle. In addition, the time courses of all these variables differed with the subject. Finally, this study demonstrated the possibility of assessing intra-cycle values of both rolling resistance and wheelchair stability during manual wheelchair displacements in the field, which provides a technical step towards evaluating a wheelchair user in his daily environment.     

Visceral antinociception produced by bee venom stimulation of the Zhongwan acupuncture point in mice: role of alpha(2) adrenoceptors.

The goal of the present study was to determine whether bee venom (BV) injection into the Zhongwan acupoint (CV12), compared to injection into a non-acupoint, produced antinociception in an acetic acid-induced visceral pain model. This was accomplished by injecting BV subcutaneously into the Zhongwan acupoint or into a non-acupoint 30 min before intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid in ICR mice. BV injection into the acupoint produced a dose dependent suppression of acetic acid-induced abdominal stretches and of acetic acid-induced Fos expression in the spinal cord and the nucleus tractus solitarii. In contrast BV injection into the non-acupoint only produced antinociception at the highest dose of BV tested. Naloxone pretreatment did not alter the antinociceptive effect of BV acupoint injection on the abdominal stretch reflex. On the other hand, pretreatment with the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine completely blocked the antinociceptive effect of BV acupoint injection. These results imply that BV acupoint stimulation can produce visceral antinociception that is associated with activation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors, but not with naloxone-sensitive opioid receptors.     

Dysbiotic conditions and their management

The authors present data concerning the role of normal intestinal microflora as a non-specific resistance factor. They systematize the notion of intestinal dysbacteriosis as a clinicolaboratory syndrome, observed in patients with various gastrointestinal pathology, adduce the characteristics of the preparations of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, and discuss the mechanisms of their action, as well as their efficacy in the management and prevention of microecological disturbances of the intestinal tract. It is recommended that probiotic preparations are administered according to the principle of microecological adequacy, taking into account the condition of the microflora, as well as the phase, stage, and character of the underlying disease. Some preparations should be used for preventive, others--for therapeutic purposes. The authors stress that antibioticotherapy is indicated only in cases of clinically severe infectious process; such therapy should be followed by reestablishment of the normal microflora with proper probiotic preparations.     

Influence of exclusive resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight or obese children: a systematic review

Objective: Since the last decade, a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has been reported. Low aerobic fitness and a low compliance with endurance sports in such children are theoretical reasons to favor the use of resistance training in intervention studies, even though positive effects of resistance training on morbidity without accompanying dietary modifications are a matter of debate. In this review we summarize the studies that have shown the isolated effect of resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese children. Method: We systematically reviewed interventional studies that exclusively applied resistance training to overweight and obese 3- to 18-year-old children. Outcome measurements were body composition or cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Only six studies passed the inclusion criteria. All studies preferred an individually planned and supervised whole-body resistance training of moderate to submaximal intensity during treatment. The mean compliance was 84%. Four studies reported significant changes in body composition, with an increase in fat free mass and BMI, along with a decrease in fat mass. Three studies analyzed the effect of resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors, and only one study reported a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: An individually planned and supervised whole-body resistance training of moderate to submaximal intensity in children seems to be safe and tends to show positive effects on body composition. Similar to interventions based on endurance exercise alone or in combination with dietary modifications, the effects on cardiovascular risk factors cannot be substantiated. In consequence, we suggest to substantiate the effect of resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese children in upcoming randomized controlled trials with high case numbers, applying both resistance training only and resistance training in combination with dietary intervention to get knowledge about whether resistance training alone is effectual in the treatment of overweight and obesity in youth or if a combination of resistance training and dietary interventions is actually needed. Copyright ? 2012 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg.     

磁刺激穴位镇痛诱发的脑电信号特征成分及源定位

背景：针灸是中国传统医学的重要组成部分。穴位治疗作用是否具有生理基础或者只是心理作用一直是争议的焦点。目前临床中常用的穴位刺激方式为手针和电针,很少有关于磁刺激穴位引起脑电活动的文献发表。 目的：利用诱发电位来研究磁刺激合谷穴对大脑皮质功能区的影响,探讨磁刺激穴位镇痛机制。 方法：18名被试(男13名,女5名)自愿参加实验,选取右侧合谷穴作为靶点目标,距离合谷穴约3 cm处的非穴位点作为对照点。磁刺激频率为1Hz,刺激强度为1.76T,实验分别采集磁刺激前、中、后的脑电信号。 结果与结论：磁刺激穴位140~170 ms后,在F3,F1,FZ,F2,F4,FC3,FC1,FCZ,FC2,FC4 等电极处记录到诱发电位晚成分P150。对该成分进行偶极子源定位分析发现P150定位于前扣带回后部,之前的研究已经证明前扣带回不仅参与痛觉认知,还参与痛觉的调制。结果揭示了磁刺激穴位可能的镇痛机制。