附加钢板技术治疗股骨远端骨折外侧钢板内固定术后骨不连的适应症和应用原则

目的　总结应用附加钢板技术治疗股骨远端骨折外侧钢板内固定术后骨不连的适应症、应用原则和效果。 方法　对30例股骨远端骨折外侧钢板内固定术后非感染性骨不连应用附加钢板技术治疗。均为萎缩型骨不连。通过内侧小切口行重建钢板内固定,同时自体髂骨植骨。术后早期康复活动。记录骨愈合和并发症情况,比较术前、术后随访膝关节活动范围,按Schatzker-Lambert股骨远端骨折功能评分评价患肢功能恢复。 结果　切口均I期愈合。获12~32个月、平均16.3个月随访。骨折均愈合,愈合时间3~6个月,平均4.6个月。无感染和神经血管损伤,无钢板松动和断裂。末次随访,膝关节活动范围(100.10±23.31)°,较术前（55.29±23.01)°明显改善（t=-13.112,P=0.000）,患肢功能恢复优9例、良16例、可3例、差2例（优良率83.33%）。 结论　附加钢板技术适合股骨远端粉碎骨折外侧钢板内固定术后无内固定失效的非感染性骨不连,按相应原则应用,具有手术创伤小、术后可早期康复、骨愈合率和功能恢复满意率均较高等特点。     

颗粒植骨，钛网植骨和髂骨植骨在后入路单节段腰椎结核病灶清除术中的疗效研究

目的　比较颗粒植骨,钛网植骨和自体髂骨植骨在后入路单节段腰椎结核病灶清除术中的临床疗效。 方法　回顾性分析本科2015年7月至2020年9月接受后入路单节段腰椎结核病灶清除 + 植骨融合内固定术的98例患者,其中32例自体髂骨植骨,32例钛网植骨,34例颗粒植骨。主要的观察指标包括：手术时间,术中出血量,术后住院时间,VAS评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）,血细胞沉降率,C反应蛋白和美国脊髓损伤协会分级;次要参考指标：矫正和丢失Cobb角,植骨融合时间。记录所有参考数据并进行统计学分析。 结果　术后平均随访时间为28月（14 ~ 53月）。颗粒组手术时间（192.6±42.2）min,植骨融合时间（5.2±1.1）月,均优于髂骨块组（229.2 ± 61.6）min,（8.0 ± 2.9）月和钛网组（233.1±51.1）min,（8.6±5.6）月,P<0.05。术中出血量颗粒组（385.3±251.8）ml,少于钛网组（660.9 ± 486.4）mL,P<0.05;与髂骨块组（534.4 ± 395.4）ml无统计学差异,P＝0.122。术后末次随访患者腰椎节段后凸Cobb角均较术前显著改善（P<0.05）,丢失及矫正Cobb角各组间无统计学差异（P>0.05）。余指标3组间无统计学差异。 结论　与髂骨块植骨和钛网植骨相比,颗粒骨植骨简单易行,手术时间短,术中出血量少,术后植骨融合快,应用于后入路单节段腰椎结核术中,是一种安全,有效的植骨方式。     

自体微小颗粒骨植骨混合万古霉素开放性植骨修复感染性胫骨缺损

背景：研究发现直径300-500 μm微米结构的微小颗粒骨比直径4.0-5.0 mm的经典颗粒骨更容易在非感染骨缺损中成活。 目的：评价采用自体微小颗粒骨植骨混合万古霉素开放性植骨修复感染性胫骨骨缺损的可行性及临床效果。 方法：选择28例胫骨感染性骨缺损或骨不连患者,其中男23例,女5例,平均年龄35.2岁;胫骨上段19例,胫骨中段2例,胫骨下段7例;开放性骨折术后感染病例17例,骨折术后感染合并骨不连11例。随访6-30个月观察创面及骨折愈合情况。 结果与结论：术后平均6周移植微小颗粒骨表面被肉芽组织覆盖,平均8周创面完全闭合,经植骨后骨缺损处均骨性愈合,2例骨折愈合差,经二次植骨后达到骨性愈合,平均愈合时间5个月。未发生神经血管损伤及药敏反应。表明自体微小颗粒骨植骨混合万古霉素开放性植骨修复治疗感染性胫骨缺损是可行的。     

应用天鹅记忆接骨器治疗肱骨骨不连的疗效观察

目的探讨天鹅记忆接骨器（Swan—like memory compressive connecror SMC）对肱骨骨不连的治疗效果。方法对36例明确诊断的肱骨骨不连患者,后侧入路切口,自体骨植骨加SMC横向环抱、纵向加压固定。结果36例切口一期愈合,无医源性神经、血管损伤。术后1、2、3、6、12月拍X线片复查,肱骨骨连接正常。伤肢肩、肘关节活动正常。随访33例18至36个月（平均22．1个月）,肩、肘关节活动正常,优29例占87．88％,良4例占12．12％。结论SMC具有多点固定的优点,能轴向及横向环抱固定植骨条,并纵向加压不连接骨的两端。SMC内固定结合植骨是治疗肱骨骨不连的有效新方法、新技术。     

自体颗粒植骨与髂骨块植骨治疗单节段胸腰椎结核的疗效对比

目的　回顾性观察自体颗粒植骨和髂骨块植骨在后路单节段胸腰椎结核手术中的临床疗效差异。 方法　2012年8月至2016年6月行后路病灶清除、椎体间植骨融合内固定术治疗的58例单节段胸腰椎结核患者,按植骨方式不同分为两组,颗粒组31例,髂骨组27例。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量,手术前后的VAS、ODI评分、神经功能恢复,在影像学资料上记录两组节段后凸Cobb角和椎间高度的改善及末次随访时的丢失、植骨融合时间。 结果　术后平均随访26(15~38)月,颗粒组手术时间(194.2±34.9) min、术中出血量(282.2±130.0) ml、植骨融合时间(5.8±1.0)月均优于髂骨组（240.0±61.5 min、540.7±276.6 ml、8.3±3.6月）（P<0.05）。两组术后、末次随访时节段后凸Cobb角和椎间高度均较术前明显改善（P<0.05）,末次随访时颗粒组节段后凸Cobb角和椎间高度丢失稍大于髂骨块组,但两组间无明显统计学差异（P>0.05）。 结论　和髂骨植骨相比,颗粒骨植骨方便易行,术中出血少,植骨融合快,应用于单节段胸腰椎结核手术中,是一种安全、有效的植骨方式。     

自体微小颗粒骨与骨形态发生蛋白2混合移植修复感染性骨不连

背景:感染性骨不连是目前创伤骨科治疗的难题,既要彻底清除感染病灶组织控制感染,修复缺损软组织闭合创面,又要修复骨缺损促进骨折愈合,最大程度恢复肢体的功能。由于自体微小颗粒骨取材方便,重组人骨形态发生蛋白2来源广泛,其混合植骨模式成骨可靠、安全性高,适于修复感染性骨不连。目的:观察骨形态发生蛋白2混合自体微小颗粒骨移植修复感染性骨不连的治疗效果。方法:采用自体微小颗粒骨(髂骨、长骨干骺端松质骨)混合骨形态发生蛋白2修复感染性骨不连23例,股骨骨髓炎清创外固定固定后骨缺损7例,胫骨骨髓炎清创外固定固定后骨缺损16例,其中11例患者因瘢痕挛缩或软组织条件差继续使用外固定支架,患者12例改用内固定钢板固定,固定后1,3,6个月和1年复查X射线评价骨折愈合情况,并采用Johner-Wruhs评分评估临床疗效。结果与结论:所有病例平均随访13.4个月,骨折愈合,骨不连均得以修复,创面均闭合,无感染复发。Johner-Wruhs评分优良率为95%。提示骨形态发生蛋白2混合自体微小颗粒骨移植模式,在感染性骨不连修复中来源广泛、成骨可靠和安全性高。     

附加侧板联合植骨治疗股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后骨不连

背景：对于股骨干粉碎性骨折、非峡部骨折、骨缺损等髓内钉固定后骨不连患者,更换髓内钉治疗的临床疗效并不理想。 目的：对18例应用附加侧板联合植骨治疗的股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后非感染性骨不连患者进行回顾性分析,观察附加侧板联合植骨治疗股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后非感染性骨不连的疗效。 方法：选择2001年4月至2011年6月在武警江苏省总队医院住院的股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后非感染性骨不连患者18例。所有患者均保留原髓内钉,附加6-11孔动力加压钢板或锁定加压钢板,远、近端各拧入2-4枚普通或锁定、单或双皮质螺钉,同期行自体髂骨植骨术。随访观察患者骨折愈合情况。根据Tohner-Wrnch标准评定附加侧板联合植骨治疗股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后非感染性骨不连的临床疗效。 结果与结论：所有病例均获得随访,随访时间6-21个月,平均16个月。X射线片结果显示治疗后患者骨性愈合率为100%;其中13例患者于治疗后6-9个月达到骨性愈合,另5例患者于治疗后10-11个月达到骨性愈合。Tohner-Wrnch标准评定结果显示附加侧板联合植骨治疗股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后非感染性骨不连的优良率为100%。且植入物无腐蚀、断裂等情况,无植入物宿主反应。可见保留原髓内钉、附加侧板联合植骨治疗股骨干骨折髓内钉固定后非感染性骨不连临床疗效满意,是一种比较理想的治疗方法。     

携载rhBMP-2微球的新型复合人工骨的制备及生物相容性研究

目的制备一种具有良好生物相容性、降解性和成骨活性、可注射的自凝固新型骨修复材料。方法采用复乳溶剂挥发方法制备携载rhBMP-2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸共聚物（PLGA）微球，并将其与rhBMP-2／磷酸钙骨水泥（CPC）复合，制备出rhBMP-2／PLGA微球／CPC复合人工骨。探讨材料特性包括形貌和体外rhBMP-2释放速度，采用体外细胞培养的方法测定复合材料的细胞黏附能力及其浸提液对于人骨髓基质干细胞（MSCs）增殖和成骨分化的影响。结果与单纯rhBMP-2／CPC材料相比较，复合材料rhBMP-2体外释药明显提高。材料与MSCs可良好黏附并使其增殖。体外培养时材料不同时间的浸提液对MSCs细胞的增殖具有促进作用，对于细胞成骨分化的影响与单纯CPC无明显差别。结论rhBMP-2／PLGA微球／磷酸钙骨水泥新型复合人工骨具有良好的生物相容性和活性因子缓释功能，是一种有良好应用前景的骨修复材料。     

骨搬运技术与骨诱导膜技术对感染性骨不连患者骨折愈合及并发症的影响

目的 比较骨搬运技术与骨诱导膜技术对感染性骨不连患者骨折愈合及并发症的影响。方法 选取2015年7月~2019年1月我院收治的感染性骨不连患者172例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组86例。对照组采用骨诱导膜技术治疗,观察组采用骨搬运技术治疗,比较两组围术期指标、骨折愈合情况、并发症总发生率。结果 观察组术中出血量低于对照组[（579.90±122.48）ml vs（665.78±124.09）ml],手术时间及住院时间短于对照组[（92.89±11.06）min vs（104.55±10.31）min]、[（14.30±6.21）d vs（17.84±6.56）d],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组骨折愈合总有效率为96.51%,高于对照组的87.21%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组并发症发生率为6.98%,低于对照组的23.26%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 骨搬运技术治疗感染性骨不连效果确切,可提高骨折愈合度,有效降低并发症发生率,改善患者预后,优于骨诱导膜技术。     

骨皮质剥离术在无菌性骨不连治疗中的应用

目的分析骨折术后无菌性骨不连的病因,探讨骨皮质剥离术联合植骨与非植骨及辅助固定在无菌性骨不连治疗中的作用。方法总结2010年1月~2016年9月收治的18例无菌性骨不连患者,男性12例,女性6例,年龄17~64岁,平均36.8岁;骨不连分类:肥大性7例,萎缩性11例;所有患者均应用骨皮质剥离术,5例内固定断裂更换内固定,13例增加辅助钢板增加稳定性,11例萎缩性骨不连进行自体骨移植。结果随访6~18个月,平均随访11个月。患者术后骨折均愈合,未出现术后内固定物断裂,骨愈合的时间4~10个月,平均愈合时间为6个月。结论医源性因素是内固定术后无菌性骨不连的重要原因,骨皮质剥离术是治疗无菌性骨不连的有效方法。     

Evaluation of an injectable silk fibroin enhanced calcium phosphate cement loaded with human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 in ovine lumbar interbody fusion

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an injectable calcium phosphate cement/silk fibroin/human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite (CPC/SF/rhBMP-2) in an ovine interbody fusion model. Twenty-four mature sheep underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion at the levels of L1/2, L3/4, and L5/6 with random implantation of CPC/SF, CPC/rhBMP-2, CPC/SF/rhBMP-2, or autogenous iliac bone. After the sheep were sacrificed, the fusion segments were evaluated by manual palpation, CT scan, undestructive biomechanical testing, undecalcified histology, and histomorphology. The fusion rates of CPC/SF/rhBMP-2 were 55.56% and 77.78% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The fusion was superior to all the biomaterial grafts in stiffness, and reached the same stiffness as the autograft at 12 months. The new bone formation was less than autograft at 6 months, but similar with that at 12 months. However, the ceramic residue volume of CPC/SF/rhBMP-2 was significantly decreased compared with CPC/SF and CPC/rhBMP-2 at both times. The results indicated that CPC/SF/rhBMP-2 composite had excellent osteoconduction and osteoinduction, and balanced degradation and osteogenesis.     

Repairing Defect and Preventing Collapse of Canine Femoral Head Using Titanium Implant Enhanced by Autogenous Bone Graft and rhBMP-2

There is a direct relationship between mechanical stress and the progressive collapse of the necrotic region in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 to repair the defect and prevent collapse of the femoral head was investigated. The femoral head defects were made by the trapdoor procedure and then the defects were filled, respectively, with the titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2, with autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2, and with autogenous bone graft alone. Roentgenographic and histological examinations were performed at various times postoperatively. The defects were repaired completely and the titanium implant was integrated with the surrounding bone tissues. The defects healed faster than did without rhBMP-2. No trapdoor cartilage collapsed and joint space narrowed. The titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2 can enhance the repairing procedure and prevent the collapse of the femoral head.     

Repairing defect and preventing collapse of canine femoral head using titanium implant enhanced by autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2

There is a direct relationship between mechanical stress and the progressive collapse of the necrotic region in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 to repair the defect and prevent collapse of the femoral head was investigated. The femoral head defects were made by the trapdoor procedure and then the defects were filled, respectively, with the titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2, with autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2, and with autogenous bone graft alone. Roentgenographic and histological examinations were performed at various times postoperatively. The defects were repaired completely and the titanium implant was integrated with the surrounding bone tissues. The defects healed faster than did without rhBMP-2. No trapdoor cartilage collapsed and joint space narrowed. The titanium implant combined with autogenous bone graft and rhBMP-2 can enhance the repairing procedure and prevent the collapse of the femoral head.     

RhBMP-2-loaded calcium silicate/calcium phosphate cement scaffold with hierarchically porous structure for enhanced bone tissue regeneration

Calcium phosphate cement scaffold (CPC) has been widely used as bone graft substitutes, but undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability greatly hamper their clinic application. To address these problems, a recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-loaded calcium silicate/calcium phosphate cement scaffold (CSPC) with hierarchical pores was developed in this study. The CSPC scaffold with both interconnected macropores on the order of 200–500 μm and micropores of 2–5 μm was synthesized from CPC and calcium silicate (CS) by a NaCl particulate-leaching method. In vitro cell culture with C2C12 model cells, in vivo ectopic bone formation and rabbit femur cavity defect repair were performed to evaluate the osteogeneic capacity of the CSPC/rhBMP-2 scaffold. CPC, CSPC and CPC/rhBMP-2 scaffolds were parallelly investigated for comparison. The results demonstrated that the hierarchical macro/microporous structure, whether in presence of CS or rhBMP-2, highly favored the adhesion of C2C12 cells and bone in-growth into the CPC-based scaffolds. But, in comparison to the CPC-based scaffolds with CS or rhBMP-2 alone, the CSPC/rhBMP-2 scaffold strongly promoted osteogenic differentiation in vitro and osteogenetic efficacy in vivo. Further studies demonstrated that Si ions derived from CSPC contributed mainly to maintain the conformation of rhBMP-2 and thus stimulate the synergistic action of CS and rhBMP-2 in osteogenic differentiation and osteoinductivity. Additionally, the incorporation of CS was also beneficial for the dissolution of the scaffold. Those results suggest that the CSPC has superior properties for incorporation of rhBMP-2 and our developed CSPC/rhBMP-2 scaffold have great potential for future use in bone tissue regeneration.     

Gamma 3髓内钉固定结合自体髂骨植骨治疗粗隆间骨折骨不连

目的 探讨Gamma 3髓内钉固定结合自体髂骨植骨治疗粗隆间骨折骨不连的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2014年10月—2016年4月武汉第四医院骨科收治的7例粗隆间骨折骨不连患者的临床资料。其中男6例、女1例,年龄42～68岁。7例患者均是外伤导致的粗隆间骨折,骨折按AO分型,31A2.2型2例,31A2.3型4例及31A3型1例。初次手术至此次手术时间10个月～3年,平均17个月。7例患者均采用Gamma 3髓内钉固定结合自体髂骨植骨治疗,观察手术时间、出血量、骨愈合时间及并发症发生情况,术后12个月采用Harris评分标准评定髋关节功能。结果 7例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间1.7～2.2 h,平均2 h。术中出血量350～520 mL,平均430 mL。患者切口均一期愈合。7例患者均获随访14～32个月,平均21.7个月。患者均获骨性愈合,愈合时间16.6～22.7周,平均17.3周。无下肢深静脉血栓形成、髋内翻、拉力螺钉切割股骨头及断钉等并发症发生。术后12个月采用Harris评分标准评定髋关节功能:优6例,良1例。结论 应用Gamma 3髓内钉固定结合自体髂骨植骨治疗粗隆间骨折骨不连具有翻修成功率高的特点,患者可以获得较好的功能恢复,是一种有效的粗隆间骨折骨不连翻修方法。     

双钢板联合自体骨移植治疗无菌性肱骨干骨折不愈合

目的 探讨双钢板联合自体骨移植治疗肱骨干无菌性骨折不愈合的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年4月至2021年6月期间于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院行双钢板内固定联合自体骨移植治疗的10例肱骨干骨折不愈合病例。其中,男7例,女3例;年龄20 ～ 68岁,平均年龄45.1岁。初次内固定方式：7例3.5 mm LCP,2例3.5 mm双钢板,1例髓内钉。其中4例初次手术的内固定失效;骨折不愈合分型：有活性骨折不愈合4例,无活性骨折不愈合6例。二次术后行X线或CT检查评估骨折愈合情况。主要观察指标为术前、术后3个月和末次随访时间的MEPI肘关节和Constant-Murley评分。结果 平均随访时间为14个月（10 ～ 24个月）。所有骨折不愈合均愈合,平均愈合时间4.7个月（3.5 ～ 7个月）,未出现并发症。术后3个月时MEPI评分（82.50±10.61）分,Constant-Murley评分（79.60±6.11）分;末次随访,MEPI评分（88.50±5.30）分,Constant-Murley评分（86.90±4.12）分,较术前明显改善。结论 双钢板内固定联合自体骨移植治疗肱骨干骨折不愈合疗效满意。使用双钢板可以提高固定的稳定性,有利于早期功能锻炼,促进骨折愈合。     

上颌窦底增高过程中重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵复合物诱导成骨的系统评价

背景：上颌后牙区由于上颌窦的存在限制了种植体的应用,骨诱导成骨技术的应用为上颌窦底的升高提供了可能和保障。虽然药理学、动物实验及部分临床研究均验证了重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵的骨诱导性,但是否存在研究的局限性、病例的自限性、结果的可靠性尚不十分清楚。 目的：系统评价重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵在上颌窦底增高过程中牙槽嵴的增量 疗效和安全性。 方法：计算机检索PubMed(1966/2009-12)、Embase(1974/2009-12)、Cochrane Library(2009年第4期)、中国生物医学文献数据库CBM(1978/2009-12)、中国期刊全文数据库CNKI(1994/2009-12)、维普中文科技期刊数据库VIP(1989/2009-12)等数据库。主要检索词包括“rhBMP-2,ACS,autogenous bone graft;重组人骨形成蛋白2,明胶海绵,自体骨移植等”。采用自由词与主题词结合的方式检索,筛选在上颌窦底增高术中应用重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵修复的随机对照试验,应用RevMan 5软件进行Meta分析。 结果与结论：最终纳入3个研究,共288例患者。Meta分析结果提示,与自体骨移植组相比,1.5 g/L重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵组牙槽嵴高度和宽度的增加差异有显著性意义;0.75 g/L重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵组牙槽嵴高度的增加差异无显著性意义,牙槽嵴宽度的增加差异有显著性意义;重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵植入6个月后可改善种植区的骨密度,未有不良反应报道。提示1.5 g/L,0.75 g/L重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵及自体骨移植对骨缺损区都有明显的诱导成骨作用,1.5 g/L重组人骨形成蛋白2/明胶海绵的效果优于自体骨。     

Maxillary sinus floor elevation using a tissue-engineered bone with rhBMP-2-loaded porous calcium phosphate cement scaffold and bone marrow stromal cells in rabbits

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maxillary sinus floor elevation by a tissue-engineered bone complex with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-loaded porous calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold and bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) in rabbits. bMSCs were cultured and osteogenically induced. The osteoblastic differentiation of expanded bMSCs was detected by alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium deposits in vitro. Thirty-six rabbits were randomly allocated into week 2, 4 and 8 observation groups. At each time point, 24 maxillary sinus floor elevation surgeries in 12 rabbits were performed bilaterally and randomly implanted by (1) CPC materials alone (group A, n = 6), (2) rhBMP-2/CPC composite materials alone (group B, n = 6), (3) CPC/bMSCs complex (group C, n = 6) and (4) rhBMP-2/CPC/bMSCs complex (group D, n = 6). As for maxillary sinus floor elevation, rhBMP-2-loaded CPC could promote new bone formation as compared to CPC, while addition of bMSCs could further enhance its new bone formation and maturity significantly, as detected by histological findings, and fluorochrome labeling. Our data suggested that rhBMP-2/CPC possessed excellent osteoinductive ability, while combining with bMSCs could further promote new bone formation and maturation in maxillary sinus elevation.     

Engineering of bone using porous calcium phosphate cement and bone marrow stromal cells for maxillary sinus augmentation with simultaneous implant placement in goats

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of maxillary sinus floor elevation and simultaneous dental implantation with a tissue-engineered bone complex of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds combined with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). A large animal goat model is used with the tissue engineering method. Eighteen bilateral maxillary sinus of nine goats were randomly allocated into three groups; the CPC/BMSC complex (n=6) was used to elevate maxillary sinus floor with a simultaneous implant placement; the effects were compared with those treated with CPC alone (n=6) or autogenous bone (n=6). After a healing period of 3 months, sequential triad-color fluorescence labeling, micro-CT, as well as histological and histomorphometric analyses indicated that the tissue-engineered BMSC/CPC complex could promote earlier bone formation and mineralization, and maximally maintain the volume and height of the augmented maxillary sinus. By comparison, CPC-alone or autogenous bone achieved less bone formation and later mineralization. Besides, the average bone-implant contact value reflecting the osseointegration was 35.63%±9.42% in the BMSCs/CPC group, significantly higher than 22.47%±4.28% in the CPC-alone group or 28.26%±8.03% in the autogenous bone group. In conclusion, CPC serves as a potential substrate for BMSCs for the maxillary sinus floor augmentation and simultaneous implantation. The tissue-engineered bone might enhance the stability of implants and thus be of great significance to achieve improved quality to restore the oral function in clinic.