Efficient laboratory maintenance of blood-feeding mesostigmatid mites (Acari).

A technique is described for colonizing hematophagous mesostigmatid (= gamasid) mites under laboratory conditions. The apparatus consisted of a 473-ml (1 pint) Mason jar with sterilized surgical gauze and corrugated card placed inside on the bottom; these functioned as absorbent and mite bedding materials, respectively. A suckling mouse was placed onto the surgical gauze for 2-24 h to provide a food source for the mites. Stickem adhesive was smeared along the inside neck of the jar, which had a tight-fitting but ventilated screw-cap lid. The apparatus rested in a petri dish filled with water. This system provided excellent containment of the mites.     

Development of an optimized method for the recovery of infectious F-RNA coliphage MS2 from meat

F-RNA coliphages, part of the gut flora and likely to be deposited on meat along with other enteric organisms during carcass dressing and processing, may be regarded as an indicator and/or surrogate for potential zoonotic enteric viruses. There is no recommended sampling method for viruses on meats and there is a lack of information on the attachment of enteric viruses or F-RNA coliphages to gauze swabs, cellulose sponges and muscle and fat tissue. The objective of this work was to optimize the recovery of MS2 from muscle and fat tissue of meat by comparing phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 10% beef extract pH 7.2, and tryptose phosphate (2.9%) glycine (6%) broth pH 9.5 as eluants. The sampling techniques of excision, swabbing with gauze or cellulose sponges were compared with homogenizing the inoculated entire muscle or fat surface area. The recovery of MS2 from cellulose sponges using beef extract was significantly higher (P=0.001) than tryptose phosphate glycine broth which was significantly higher (P=0.0001) than PBS. There was no significant difference in the recovery between tryptose phosphate glycine broth and beef extract (P=0.92) and there was no significant difference between PBS and beef extract (P=0.10) when MS2 was recovered from gauze. No significant differences were observed between the different eluants with muscle tissue (P=0.91). When MS2 was recovered from muscle tissue with beef extract significant differences were observed (P=0.002); the sampling techniques of homogenizing the entire sample (56%) was equal to excision (43%) (P=0.23) and swabbing with a cellulose sponge (38%) (P=0.06) which were significantly higher than swabbing with gauze (28%), a second grouping of means indicated that homogenizing the entire sample was significantly higher than the other three sampling techniques. When MS2 was recovered from fat, significant differences were observed (P=0.000); homogenizing the entire sample (78%) was equal to excision (74%), which were significantly higher than swabbing with gauze (49%) or cellulose sponge (29%). The recovery of MS2 from meat is affected by the sampling technique. When choosing a nondestructive sampling method such as a cellulose sponge, a higher recovery can be obtained with beef extract as an eluant.     

Hyaluronic acid nanofiber wound dressing--production, characterization, and in vivo behavior

Hyaluronic acid (HA) was electrospun. The effects of flow rate, spin length, and the applied voltage on the diameter of the HA nanofibers were analyzed. The average thickness of the webs was 0.041 cm. The air permeability of sterilized HA nanofiber wound dressing was much higher than that of gauze with Vaseline. The degree of crystallinity of HA nanofibers was characterized using powder X-ray technique and was found to be 20.6%. A preclinical study was conducted to compare healing of wounds covered by an adhesive bandage, a sterilized solid HA, gauze with Vaseline, an antibiotic dressing, and a sterilized HA nanofiber wound dressing. Results of the two methods of appraisal showed that the sterilized HA nanofiber wound dressing was the best type of dressing out of the five types of dressings compared.     

可溶性止血纱布对兔肝脏创伤的止血作用

BACKGROUND: Modified cellulose dressing as an important part of polysaccharide hemostatic material has its unique advantages compared with gelatin sponge and fibrin glue. OBJECTIVE: To compare the hemostatic effect and histocompatibility of medical gauze, absorbable hemostatic gauze and soluble hemostatic gauze.  METHODS: After establishment of liver trauma models, 36 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n=12) depending on different hemostatic materials. Injury wounds were covered with soluble hemostatic gauze (mainly made of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, experimental group), absorbable hemostatic gauze (mainly made of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, control group) and medical gauze (normal group), respectively. The gauze was only taken out in the normal group. A hemostasis trial on liver injury was carried out to investigate the bleeding time and bleeding amount. After 1, 3, 7 and 10 days, wound healing was observed histologically in each group.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The bleeding time and bleeding amount in the experimental and control groups were lower than those in the normal group (both P < 0.05), but no statistical difference was found between the experimental and control groups. After 1 day of implantation, the soluble hemostatic gauze was absorbed completely, and the absorbable hemostatic gauze was absorbed with no residual until the 10th day. Experimental and control groups shared similar pathological changes. In these two groups, mild fibrosis and fibrous scar appeared, a better improvement in wound inflammation was shown at 10 days compared with that at 7 days, and the wound gradually healed. In the normal group, there were no obvious lesions except mild tissue edema around the wound. All these findings suggest that the soluble hemostatic gauze has better hemostatic effect and histocompatibility.     

Measurement of water filtration in skeletal muscle in man by an osmotic transient method

Water filtration in the human forearm was determined with a new method using a hyperoncotic transient of albumin solution infused into the brachial artery. Baseline dilution of labelled albumin in deep forearm vein plasma in excess of the contribution from arterial blood and from infusate was assumed to originate from extravascular water filtered into the blood by the transient. The filtration coefficient (Fc) was determined as the ratio between filtered water and increase in colloid osmotic pressure in the blood samples, and gives the filtrative water permeability in the exchange areas of the microcirculation. In 10 normal volunteers, Fc was 0.00082 ml (ml mmHg)-1 (SD=0.00007). Multiplication of Fc by plasma flow in the forearm gave a filtration capacity (Kf) of 0.0036 ml (100 ml tissue min mmHg)-1 (SD=0.00137). This filtration capacity (Kf) represents that of fast flowing regions in the forearm muscles, but it is of the same order of magnitude as the capillary filtration coefficient (CFC) determined plethysmographically for the entire forearm by the venous stasis technique.     

Improved method for recovery of peritonitis-causing microorganisms from peritoneal dialysate.

The efficacy of recovery of peritonitis-causing microorganisms from peritoneal dialysate fluid by using the Septi-Chek blood culture system (Roche Diagnostics, Div. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, N.J.) was compared with those of other conventional techniques, such as the 20-ml culture and the filtration methods. The recovery of microorganisms by using the Septi-Chek system was found to be as effective as the filtration of 250 ml of dialysate that used a modified Millipore filtration technique (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass.). Both methods were found to be superior to the 20-ml culture method. We suggest using the Septi-Chek method as the standard protocol for the culture of dialysate as a relatively inexpensive and labor-saving recovery technique.     

微孔化羊ADM复合hUCMSC促进创面修复的机制研究

目的探讨微孔化羊脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)复合人脐带间充质干细胞(hUCMSC)促进全层损伤皮肤创面愈合的治疗机制。方法将hUCMSC种植于微孔化羊ADM上共培养,形成复合生物敷料。选用72只裸鼠制作成皮肤全层损伤模型,按随机数字表法分为3组,每组24只,hUCMSC种植于微孔化羊ADM上治疗全层损伤创面组(hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM组);羊ADM治疗全层损伤组(羊ADM组);碘伏纱布治疗全层损伤创面组(碘伏纱布组)。术后14、21、28 d检测各组裸鼠创面愈合率,运用qRT-PCR技术检测创面组织中Bax和Bcl-2的mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学染色检测创面愈合相关蛋白细胞胶原蛋白Ⅰ和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达。数据比较采用单因素方差分析和t检验。结果术后14 d,hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM组的愈合率为(65.34±14.72)%,明显高于碘伏纱布组[(37.54±10.21)%],也高于羊ADM组[(49.08±11.16)%],差异均有统计学意义(t=19.52、14.72,P<0.05)。随着损伤创面的逐步愈合,术后28 d,hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM组的愈合率为(98.63±15.41)%,明显高于羊ADM组[(81.74±16.27)%]和碘伏纱布组[(63.47±14.80)%],差异均有统计意义(t=-16.42、20.35,P<0.05)。Bax在hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM组的创面组织中的表达显著降低,尤其在术后21 d的表达量为0.25±0.06,明显低于碘伏纱布组(0.53±0.16)和羊ADM组(0.41±0.12),差异均有统计学意义(t=3.52、-2.83,P<0.05)。Bcl-2在hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM组的表达显著高于其他2组,尤其是在术后21 d的表达量为0.63±0.19,明显高于碘伏纱布组(0.34±0.09)和羊ADM组(0.46±0.13),差异均有统计学意义(t=5.31、-6.07,P<0.05)。免疫组织化学技术检测发现hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM组胶原蛋白Ⅰ和VEGF的表达深棕色细胞虽然比羊ADM组和碘伏纱布组稍微有所增多,但是效果并不显著。结论hUCMSC+微孔化羊ADM复合敷料,通过携带hUCMSC更能促进皮肤全层损伤的愈合并减少凋亡细胞的产生。     

Reverse cascade filtration of ascitic fluid--preliminary results

Refractory ascites is an infrequent complication of cirrhosis. Paracentesis and ultrafiltration of the ascitic fluid with intravenous or intraperitoneal reinfusion of the concentrated ascites has been used as therapy for this condition since 1971. The technique is cumbersome and has high morbidity and mortality rates, even if effective. In this paper we describe a new technique that couples secondary filtration for the removal of macromolecules, with ultrafiltration of ascitic fluid. In its very first application 6 patients underwent 8 treatments. No adverse effect was observed and clinical efficacy was good. Up to 60 g of albumin can be saved in a single session lasting less than 2 hours.     

Comparison of the errors due to the use of gauze and the use of filter paper in the gravimetric chloride titration sweat test.

Potential sources of error in the Gibson and Cooke method of sweat testing using gauze and filter paper as collection media as described. The absolute chloride content of gauze was higher than that of filter paper; however, the variability of chloride contents between the two was insignificant. Complete chloride elution from filter paper requires more time than elution from gauze. A method of determining probability of a clinically acceptable measurement based on sweat sample size, chloride determination, and variability of chloride in collection media is also described.     

Feasibility of real time dual-energy imaging based on a flat panel detector for coronary artery calcium quantification

The feasibility of a real-time dual-energy imaging technique with dynamic filtration using a flat panel detector for quantifying coronary arterial calcium was evaluated. In this technique, the x-ray beam was switched at 15 Hz between 60 kVp and 120 kVp with the 120 kVp beam having an additional 0.8 mm silver filter. The performance of the dynamic filtration technique was compared with a static filtration technique (4 mm Al+0.2 mm Cu for both beams). The ability to quantify calcium mass was evaluated using calcified arterial vessel phantoms with 20-230 mg of hydroxylapatite. The vessel phantoms were imaged over a Lucite phantom and then an anthropomorphic chest phantom. The total thickness of Lucite phantom ranges from 13.5-26.5 cm to simulate patient thickness of 16-32 cm. The calcium mass was measured using a densitometric technique. The effective dose to patient was estimated from the measured entrance exposure. The effects of patient thickness on contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), effective dose, and the precision of calcium mass quantification (i.e., the frame to frame variability) were studied. The effects of misregistration artifacts were also measured by shifting the vessel phantoms manually between low- and high-energy images. The results show that, with the same detector signal level, the dynamic filtration technique produced 70% higher calcium contrast-to-noise ratio with only 4% increase in patient dose as compared to the static filtration technique. At the same time, x-ray tube loading increased by 30% with dynamic filtration. The minimum detectability of calcium with anatomical background was measured to be 34 mg of hydroxyapatite. The precision in calcium mass measurement, determined from 16 repeated dual-energy images, ranges from 13 mg to 41 mg when the patient thickness increased from 16 to 32 cm. The CNR was found to decrease with the patient thickness linearly at a rate of (-7%/cm). The anatomic background produced measurement root-mean-square (RMS) errors of 13 mg and 18 mg when the vessel phantoms were imaged over a uniform (over the rib) and nonuniform (across the edge of rib) bone background, respectively. Misregistration artifacts due to motions of up to 1.0 mm between the low- and high-energy images introduce RMS error of less than 4.3 mg, which is much smaller than the frame to frame variability and the measurement error due to anatomic background. The effective dose ranged from 1.1 to 6.6 microSv for each dual-energy image, depending on patient thickness. The study shows that real-time dual-energy imaging can potentially be used as a low dose technique for quantifying coronary arterial calcium.     

Immobilization of viral antigens on filter paper for a [125I]staphylococcal protein A immunoassay: a rapid and sensitive technique for detection of herpes simplex virus antigens and antiviral antibodies.

A new technique is described for the rapid detection and quantitation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigens and antiviral antibodies. It involves immobilization of HSV antigens on filter paper discs and subsequent analysis by 125I-labeled staphylococcal protein A (SPA) radioimmunoassay. A specially designed 96-well filtration device is employed which serves both as an incubation chamber and as a filtration manifold. It is rapid, simple, sensitive and specific, and requires only small volumes of antiserum and few target cells. The results may be readily and objectively quantitated. This technique permits the simultaneous assay of a large number of specimens in less than 1 h. Its sensitivity is considerably greater than that of other currently used immunologic techniques, and it is amenable to automation. These characteristics suggest that this [125I]SPA immunofiltration technique may be applicable to the rapid diagnosis of viral infections.     

Remote Afterloading for Intracavitary Irradiation of Cervix Carcinoma

The technique of remote afterloading for intracavitary radiotherapy was developed by Henschke et al 15 years ago, and since then the technique has received wide acceptance, both abroad and in the United States. Here at Howard University, it plays an integral part in the intracavitary portion of the treatment of cervix carcinoma. Most applications are done on an outpatient basis without anesthesia or sedation. This has become possible by dilating the cervical canal painlessly with thin laminaria rods. Spread of the lateral colpostats is accomplished by inflating a Foley balloon secured to the applicator with contrast medias, instead of using the customary gauze packing for increased rectal distance.     

湿纱布与bolus在腱鞘巨细胞瘤放疗中的剂量学差异

目的:探讨利用湿纱布与bolus在腱鞘巨细胞瘤放疗中的剂量学差异。方法:回顾性选取8例采用湿纱布作为组织等效补偿膜的腱鞘巨细胞瘤患者,以原始CT扫描序列作为第一组数据,勾画实际body（不包括纱布）,然后,添加虚拟bolus,获得第二套数据。分别在Varian Eclipse 13.6制作两组计划（Plan_gauze和Plan_bolus）,比较两组数据的剂量学差异。最后,采用两组模体,分别实测两种组织补偿物对射线的衰减程度,比较Plan_gauze和Plan_bolus的差异。结果:Plan_gauze组与Plan_bolus组的均匀性指数、适形度指数、Dmax、Dmean、总机器跳数以及低剂量区域体积（V10、V20）和高剂量区域体积（V80、V90）的比较均无统计学差异（P>0.05）,两组计划靶区剂量均能满足临床要求,且两组模体中,Plan_gauze和Plan_bolus实测剂量值差异较小。结论:使用湿纱布作为组织补偿物在腱鞘巨细胞瘤放疗中能达到虚拟bolus的剂量分布。考虑腱鞘巨细胞瘤的特殊性,使用湿纱布能够更好地包覆靶区,减小组织补偿下空腔,结果更加准确,可推荐作为该肿瘤的补偿物。     

烧伤残余创面局部应用四环素眼膏治疗的临床观察

目的观察四环素眼膏在烧伤残余创面治疗中的临床效果。方法 84例烧伤残余创面的患者根据创面应用药物不同分为3组,创面应用四环素眼膏治疗的患者归入四环素眼膏组(简称眼膏组)、创面应用重组人表皮生长因子的患者归入rhEGF凝胶组(简称凝胶组)和创面应用传统碘伏油纱换药治疗的患者归入碘伏油纱组(简称油纱组),观察创面愈合时间、疼痛度、治疗费用、1年后随访效果和创面细菌培养的结果。结果 (1)眼膏组和凝胶组治疗烧伤残余创面的愈合时间均短于油纱组,平均提前3～5d(P0.01),眼膏组与凝胶组的愈合时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)眼膏组平均疼痛度评分为(2.56±0.14)分,与凝胶组疼痛度评分(2.61±0.07)分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);碘伏油纱组疼痛度评分为(4.23±0.26)分,与眼膏组和凝胶组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。(3)治愈每1%残余创面所需敷料和药物费用眼膏组费用最低:(121.35±1.16)元,油纱组次之:(269.17±3.6)元,凝胶组较为昂贵:(449±17.2)元。(4)1年后对部分患者随访,根据相应评价指标进行评分,预后眼膏组(5.23±0.26)分和凝胶组(6.13±0.32)分明显优于油纱组(3.98±0.46)分,P0.01,眼膏组与凝胶组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(5)创面分泌物细菌培养72h可见凝胶组细菌阳性率最高(42.31%),油纱组72h细菌培养阳性率(16.13%)明显低于凝胶组,眼膏组细菌培养阳性率(3.70%)又明显低于油纱组。结论四环素眼膏治疗烧伤残余创面对比于重组人表皮生长因子和碘伏油纱,能有效控制感染,缩短愈合时间,减轻患者疼痛度,同时降低治疗费用,效果确切、预后良好。     

Parasite detection efficiencies of five stool concentration systems.

Fresh fecal material that was free of ova and parasites was pooled with 10% Formalin in a 1:4 ratio to prepare a standard specimen. Portions of 100 ml of this specimen were individually seeded with Cryptosporidium oocysts, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia cysts; ova of Necator americanus; and Strongyloides larvae. Appropriate volumes of each parasite suspension were used to evaluate the Fecal Concentrator Kit (Remel, Lenexa, Kans.), Fecal Parasite Concentrator (Evergreen Scientific, Los Angeles, Calif.), Para-Pak Macro-Con (Meridian Diagnostics, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio), and Trend FeKal CON-Trate (Trend Scientific, Inc., St. Paul, Minn.). A standardized gauze filtration method was used as the reference procedure. Tests were performed in triplicate with each individual parasite-concentrator combination, with three slides examined from each sediment. All of the systems effectively concentrated parasites compared with direct examination of unconcentrated fecal material. The Fecal Concentrator Kit provided the best overall performance. Clarity of sediment, lack of debris, and uniformity of background material were found to be important considerations for microscopic detection of parasites in concentrated specimens.     

Lysosomal enzyme cytochemistry of blood neutrophils.

Patients with bacterial infection may show altered membrane permeability of the primary azurophilic lysosomes of blood neutrophils. A new enzyme cytochemical technique, sensitive to increased membrane permeability caused by contact of neutrophils with acetone, saponin, low pH, Streptolysin O, bacteria, and nylon wool, has been developed. The method is of potential value as a screening test for bacterial infection and for detecting neutrophil damage during filtration leucopheresis.     

脊椎植骨术中人工骨对软组织的反应

背景：脊椎后路植骨融合是常见的脊椎术式,人工骨可以很好地辅助植骨融合,但是由于软组织可能对人工骨存在一定的反应,人工骨目前很少应用于脊椎后路植骨中。 目的：拟通过兔的脊椎后路植骨实验,探讨如何降低脊椎手术中软组织对人工骨反应。 方法：36只成年公兔随机分为可吸收止血纱布组和对照组,于L2-3去皮质的椎板表面上,植入β-磷酸三钙人工骨,以可吸收止血纱布隔离背侧软组织为可吸收止血纱布组,无隔离物为对照组。检测植骨后不同时间点,兔血液中的C-反应蛋白表达,记录植骨后1周和12周皮肤愈合和皮下组织愈合情况以及局部炎症反应,CT检查记录植骨后不同时间点的人工骨爬行替代情况。 结果与结论：1周时,可吸收止血纱布组所有兔的背侧筋膜愈合完整;对照组9只中7只筋膜愈合完整,2只背侧筋膜愈合欠佳。12周时,可吸收止血纱布组9只中8只背侧筋膜愈合良好,1只愈合欠佳;对照组9只中6只愈合良好,2只愈合欠佳,1只轻度感染。1周时两组肌肉组织都存在一定充血,部分炎性细胞浸润,可吸收止血纱布组炎性细胞浸润较少,局部充血相对较少。12周时两组肌肉组织都存在一定的肉芽组织增生,可吸收止血纱布组炎性细胞浸润略少,对照组部分动物可见较明显的坏死组织。植骨后即刻,植骨后1周,4周时血液中的C-反应蛋白表达在两组间差异无显著性意义。植骨后12周时,CT检查显示靠近骨面的人工骨吸收明显,靠近软组织的人工骨无明显吸收,人工骨吸收情况在两组间无明显区别。结果提示,人工骨放置应尽量与植骨面多接触,这可促进人工骨尽早吸收,并降低软组织反应。减少人工骨和软组织接触,可以降低软组织对人工骨的反应。可吸收止血纱布的早期生物隔离和组织修复作用能一定程度减少组织对人工骨的反应。     

The long-term outcome of post-ischaemic acute renal failure in the rat. I. A functional study after treatment with SOD and sucrose

The long-term outcome in rat kidneys subjected to 45 min of warm ischaemia with no treatment and after administration of 20 mg superoxide dismutase (SOD) and of SOD combined with 2 ml of a 12% sucrose solution was studied by the micropuncture technique. It was found that, although in the acute phase SOD prevented trapping of erythrocytes in the medullary vasculature and that SOD + sucrose also prevented the formation of tubular obstruction, the long-term results as studied 1 week and 1 month after the primary ischaemic insult were virtually identical. This was due to the formation of new obstructions, during the first week, mainly in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. After 1 month the proximal tubular free-flow pressure and the single-nephron filtration rate had returned to normal. However, since the total glomerular filtration was only one-third of that under normal conditions, it would seem that two-thirds of the nephrons had undergone complete degeneration. This degeneration was probably the result of persistent tubular obstruction. The tubular degeneration was also accompanied by a reduction in urine osmolality and potassium secretion.     

Dual-energy contrast-enhanced breast tomosynthesis: optimization of beam quality for dose and image quality

Dual-energy contrast-enhanced breast tomosynthesis is a promising technique to obtain three-dimensional functional information from the breast with high resolution and speed. To optimize this new method, this study searched for the beam quality that maximized image quality in terms of mass detection performance. A digital tomosynthesis system was modeled using a fast ray-tracing algorithm, which created simulated projection images by tracking photons through a voxelized anatomical breast phantom containing iodinated lesions. The single-energy images were combined into dual-energy images through a weighted log subtraction process. The weighting factor was optimized to minimize anatomical noise, while the dose distribution was chosen to minimize quantum noise. The dual-energy images were analyzed for the signal difference to noise ratio (SdNR) of iodinated masses. The fast ray-tracing explored 523?776 dual-energy combinations to identify which yields optimum mass SdNR. The ray-tracing results were verified using a Monte Carlo model for a breast tomosynthesis system with a selenium-based flat-panel detector. The projection images from our voxelized breast phantom were obtained at a constant total glandular dose. The projections were combined using weighted log subtraction and reconstructed using commercial reconstruction software. The lesion SdNR was measured in the central reconstructed slice. The SdNR performance varied markedly across the kVp and filtration space. Ray-tracing results indicated that the mass SdNR was maximized with a high-energy tungsten beam at 49 kVp with 92.5 μm of copper filtration and a low-energy tungsten beam at 49 kVp with 95 μm of tin filtration. This result was consistent with Monte Carlo findings. This mammographic technique led to a mass SdNR of 0.92 ± 0.03 in the projections and 3.68 ± 0.19 in the reconstructed slices. These values were markedly higher than those for non-optimized techniques. Our findings indicate that dual-energy breast tomosynthesis can be performed optimally at 49 kVp with alternative copper and tin filters, with reconstruction following weighted subtraction. The optimum technique provides best visibility of iodine against structured breast background in dual-energy contrast-enhanced breast tomosynthesis.     

藻酸钙棉条在鼻腔手术中的应用

为了探讨藻酸钙棉条在鼻腔术后填塞的效果 ,随机分组采用藻酸钙棉条 (实验组 )和碘仿纱条 (对照组 )填塞术后鼻腔 ,观察记录病人头痛和术腔粘膜恢复情况。表明 :(1)实验组病人头痛及鼻腔胀痛发生率明显降低 ,与对照组差异显著 (p<0 .0 0 0 5 )。 (2 )实验组术腔粘膜恢复情况优于对照组 (p <0 .0 5 )。藻酸钙棉条填塞术后鼻腔 ,病人头痛少 ,创面恢复快。