初中生成就动机与自尊的相关研究

目的 探讨初中生成就动机和自尊之间的关系.方法 采用自尊量表和成就动机量表对莱初中的学生进行测查.结果 初中生的自尊和成就动机不存在性别差异;渴望成功和避免失败动机的差异非常显著,自尊是影响初中生成就动机的重要因素.结论 初中生的自尊和成就动机存在明显关联.     

脐形态学调查及其意义

目的：为临床脐整形美容术提供形态学依据。方法：随机观测男女性脐形态557例，男性269例，女性288例。对脐外形结构进行观察和统计。结果：脐外形男性以圆形、卵圆形居多，分别为42．4％和30．9％；女性卵圆形者、纵形者居多，分别为32．6％和31．9％；脐檐男性有者占54．3％，女性占23．6％；脐窝突起数1个或以上者男性占68．8％，女性占48．3％。结论：脐形态各型分布存在性别差异，有临床参考意义。     

64排螺旋CT冠脉成像效果与影响因素研究

目的 探讨64排螺旋CT冠脉成像中影响图像质量的各种因素及其影响程度以及评估冠脉狭窄的效果.方法 通过838例临床疑似冠心病患者的6_4排螺旋CT冠脉成像,并以其中218例在1周内进行的常规冠状动脉造影为标准,分析64排螺旋CT冠脉成像在评估冠脉狭窄的灵敏度、准确率、阳性预测值和阴性预测值.结果 心率、心率变化幅度、延迟时间设定、β受体阻滞剂、呼吸频率、屏气合作与否、造影剂注射总量与速度、图像重建时相、冠状动脉钙化、扫描参数、患者年龄性别、机器软硬件性能等是影响64排螺旋CT成像质量的因素.64排螺旋CT冠脉成像评估冠脉狭窄的准确率为95.9%,阳性与阴性预测值分别为92.3%、90.0%.结论 得到了影响64排螺旋CT冠脉成像的各种因素,分析了减少和消除这些因素影响的方法.在评估冠脉狭窄方面,64排螺旋CT冠脉成像基本能满足临床要求. Abstract： Objective To study the various factors that influence image quality of 64-slice spiral CT coronary artery imaging, their impact extent and the assessment effect of coronary artery stonnsis. Methods Through examination of 838 clinical coronary heart disease suspect patients, by 64-slice spiral CT coronary artery imaging, in which, 218 patients were also examined by conventional coronary angiagraphy in a week, we took the conventional coronary angiography as the standard, analyzed the 64-slice spiral CT coronary artery imaging in the assessment of coronary artery stenosis by sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Results The factors which affect the image quality of 64-slice spiral CT coronary artery imaging include heart rate, heart rate change range, delay time setting, β-blocker, respiratory rate, breath-holding or not, total amount of contrast medium and the speed of injection, image reconstruction phase, coronary artery calcification, the scan parameters, age and sex of patients, machine     

家庭环境对高中生焦虑影响的访谈研究

目的 探讨家庭环境对高中生焦虑的影响.方法 随机抽取河北省定州中学108名高中学生进行焦虑访谈调查.结果 回到家心里感到踏实和安逸的占64.8%;家庭成员能使其缓解和放松的占59.3%;在家里比学校更快乐的占16.7%;认为有幸福快乐的家的占77.8%;满足现在的家庭环境的占57.4%;家庭环境影响其焦虑的占22.2%;经常跟父母谈自己想法和所做事情的占33.3%;心里话常跟父母说的占27.8%.结论 家庭环境在一定程度上影响高中生的焦虑水平,建议家长多了解孩子的焦虑情况并及时采取适当的措施.     

高中生完美主义研究

目的 研究高中生完美主义的现状.方法 采用自编青少年完美主义问卷对650名高中生进行调查.结果 ①高中生在完美主义的条理性和自省维度上存在显著的年级差异(t=2.56,P＜0.01).②在担心错误和条理性上有显著性别差异(t=2.15,P＜0.05;t=-3.08,P＜0.01).③高中生的完美主义可以聚类为健康型、障碍型和非完美型.结论 高中生的完美主义状况总体上较好.     

暴力犯罪者人格障碍研究

目的：研究暴力犯罪者的人格障碍。方法：随机抽取在重庆市女子监狱服刑的女性暴力罪犯204名，在重庆市监狱服刑的男性暴力罪犯294名，用人格诊断问卷（PDQ-R）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）进行测查。结果：男性在反社会型因子上得分高于女性（2±4／0±0，P=0．008）；女性在偏执型、分裂样、回避型因子上得分均高于男性（4±2／3±2、3±2／2±2、3±3／3±2，P=0．044、0．041、0．047）。结论：暴力犯罪者存在不同类型、不同程度的人格障碍。     

包头市综合医院医务人员人格特质调查

目的 比较分析包头市综合医院不同性别、民族、宗教信仰、婚姻状况、医院级别、岗位、科室的医护人员人格特质的差异.方法 在包头市21家二级以上综合医院中随机抽取出5家,对其中的1791名医护人员进行EPQ调查.结果 医生组N(情绪稳定性)因子分值低于护士组,已婚组E(外向-内向)因子分值低于未婚组,内系组(非手术科室)P和E分值均低于外系组(手术科室)(P＜0.05).不同性别、民族、宗教信仰、医院级别的医护人员人格特质未见明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 不同组群医务人员的人格特质存在不同程度的差异.     

护士长懈怠执行力的原因分析

目的 探讨护士长懈怠执行力的原因,是为了提高护理管理质量,为病人提供更加优质的护理服务.方法 采用问答式访谈法收集资料,通过举办培训班和年会的方法对三所二级甲等医院的护士长进行访谈.对访谈资料采用阅读、分析、分类、提炼、总结、归纳等6个步骤剖析护士长懈怠执行力的原因.结果 护士长懈怠执行力的原因包括6个方面即护士缺编.家庭支持塌陷的影响.工作环境关系紧张,缺乏激励机制,护理部对护士长的考核不逗硬.来自社会方面的压力.结论 高度关注护士长懈怠执行力的这一现象.为护士长切实解决工作中遇到的实际问题,从而挖掘和开发护士长的工作潜能,使她们在相应的工作岗位上发挥更好的护理管理作用,稳定护理管理队伍.     

自考生完美主义研究

目的 探讨自考生完美主义的现状.方法 采用自编完美主义问卷(SCPS)对742名自考生进行了调查.结果 ①自考生的完美主义可以聚类为健康型(40%)、障碍型(48%)和非完美型(12%).②自考生完美主义存在显著的文理科差异.结论 自考生的完美主义状况整体上偏低.     

Therapeutic gene editing strategies using CRISPR-Cas9 for theβ-hemoglobinopathies

With advancements in gene editing technologies,our ability to make precise and efficient modifications to the genome is increasing at a remarkable rate,paving the way for scientists and clinicians to uniquely treat a multitude of previously irremediable diseases.CRISPR-Cas9,short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9,is a gene editing platform with the ability to alter the nucleotide sequence of the genome in living cells.This technology is increasing the number and pace at which new gene editing treatments for genetic disorders are moving toward the clinic.Theβ-hemoglobinopathies are a group of monogenic diseases,which despite their high prevalence and chronic debilitating nature,continue to have few therapeutic options available.In this review,we will discuss our existing comprehension of the genetics and current state of treatment forβ-hemoglobinopathies,consider potential genome editing therapeutic strategies,and provide an overview of the current state of clinical trials using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

Recovery of responsiveness of cells of lateral geniculate nucleus of rat

1. Recovery of responsiveness of single cells in lateral geniculate nucleus of rat has been determined in both P and I cells. There are three types of recovery curve among P cells; (a) early recovery, (b) early partial recovery followed by depression and then complete recovery, (c) prolonged depression followed by cyclic recovery. Type (c) is by far the commonest recovery curve. In contrast to the spike in a P cell, the synaptic potential recovers to its full amplitude in about 20 msec. All I cells exhibit similar rapid recovery curves after a prolonged depression.2. Conditioning stimuli applied to visual cortex also produce a prolonged depression in most P cells but I cells can be re-excited at short intervals from cortex. Decortication does not prevent the prolonged depression of the multineuronal response produced by optic nerve stimulation.3. A neuronal model is proposed to explain these observations. It is supposed that I cells (interneurones) are innervated by axon collaterals of the P cells (principal cells, projecting to visual cortex) and that the I cells exert an inhibitory influence on the P cells.     

Modes of Inheritance of Errors of Refraction

Eighteen families in which both parents had refractions within the range of +4·0 D to −4·0 D and axial lengths seen in emmetropia (22·3-26·0 mm) showed coefficients of correlation of the order 0·5 indicative of polygenic inheritance. Such coefficients were seen for axial length (0·407) and for the cornea (0·487), but not for the lens (which is known to be yoked to the axial length). No such coefficients were seen in 19 families in which one of the parents had axial length outside the emmetropic range (nine families with long axes and 10 with short axes).

The pattern of polygenic inheritance for emmetropia (completely correlated optical components) and errors of refraction up to 4·0 D (inadequately correlated components: correlation ametropia) follows that seen in stature and other measurable characters. In contrast the high refractive errors with their abnormal axial lengths (component ametropia) are—like the extremes in stature—pathological anomalies with monofactorial inheritance.

     

Analysis of two types of dopaminergic responses of neurons of the spinal ganglia of rats

It was established, in experiments on isolated spinal ganglia of adult rats in concluons of intracellular recording, that dopamine (1 M/liter) elicits depolarized responses in 61% of neurons, hyperpolarized in 20% of neurons, and depolarized-hyperpolarized in 19% of neurons. The depolarized responses are associated with the activation of D₁ dopamine receptors, and are governed by the shift of cAMP-dependent cation (sodium) channels to the conducting state. The hyperpolarized responses are triggered by the activation of D₂ dopamine receptors, which by means of HTP-binding protein convert the potassium channels to the conducting state. The change in the polarization of neurons with the action of dopamine influences their electrical excitability variously.Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal SSSR imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. 739–745, June, 1990.